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Maintenance of Species Differences in Closely Related Tetraploid Parasitic Euphrasia (Orobanchaceae) on an Isolated Island

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Plant Communications 2020年第6期1卷 85-99页

作者： Hannes Becher Max R.Brown Gavin Powell chris metherell Nick J.Riddifordand Alex D.Twyford University of Edinburgh School of Biological SciencesInstitute of Evolutionary BiologyCharlotte Auerbach RoadEdinburgh EH93FLUK Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland 4 High Firs CrescentHarpendenHertfordshire AL51NAUK Schoolton Fair IsleShetland ZE29JUUK

Polyploidy is pervasive in angiosperm evolution and plays important roles in adaptation and ***,polyploid groups are understudied due to complex sequence homology,challenging genome assembly,and taxonomic ***,we study adaptive divergence in taxonomically complex eyebrights(Euphrasia),where recent divergence,phenotypic plasticity,and hybridization blur species *** focus on three closely related tetraploid species with contrasting ecological preferences that are sympatric on Fair Isle,a small isolated island in the British *** a common garden experiment,we show a genetic component to the morphological differences present between these *** wholegenome sequencing and a novel k-mer approach we call“Tetmer”,we demonstrate that the species are of allopolyploid origin,with a sub-genome divergence of approximately 5%.Using2 million SNPs,we show sub-genome homology across species,with a very low sequence divergence characteristic of recent *** genetic variation is broadly structured by species,with clear divergence of Fair Isle heathland Euphrasia micrantha,while grassland Euphrasia arctica and coastal Euphrasia foulaensis are more closely ***,we show that tetraploid Euphrasia is a system of allopolyploids of postglacial species divergence,where adaptation to novel environments may be conferred by old variants rearranged into new genetic lineages.

关键词： incipient speciation k-mer spectrum allopolyploidy tetraploid divergence with gene flow taxonomic complexity

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Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 325-327页

作者： chris Zielinski on behalf of the authorship group listed below Centre for Global Health University of WinchesterWinchesterUK 不详

Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations(UN),political leaders and health professionals to recognise that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to pres... 详细信息

关键词： preserve global divisible

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Attitude control of multi-spacecraft systems on SO(3)with stochastic links failure

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 320-331页

作者： KANG Zeyu SHEN Qiang WU Shufan chris J.DAMAREN MU Zhongcheng School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Aerospace Studies University of TorontoTorontoOntario M3H 5T6Canada

In this paper,for Multi-Spacecraft System(MSS)with a directed communication topology link and a static virtual leader,a controller is proposed to realize attitude consensus and attitude stabilization with stochastic links failure and actuator ***,an MSS attitude error model suitable for a directed topology link and with a static virtual leader based on SO(3)is derived,which considers that the attitude error on SO(3)cannot be defined based on algebraic ***,we design a controller to realize the MSS on SO(3)with attitude consensus and attitude stabilization under stochastic links failure and actuator ***,the simulation results of a multi-spacecraft system with stochastic links failure and a static virtual leader spacecraft are demonstrated to illustrate the efficiency of the attitude controller.

关键词： Multi-spacecraft systems Attitude consensus Attitude stabilization Stochastic links failure Super-martingale convergence

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Universal insertion of molecules in ionic compounds under pressure

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 120-128页

作者： Feng Peng Yanming Ma chris J.Pickard Hanyu Liu Maosheng Miao College of Physics and Electronic Information Luoyang Normal University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State University Northridge State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University International Center of Future Science Jilin University Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy University of Cambridge Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Department of Earth Science University of California Santa Barbara

Using first-principles calculations and crystal structure search methods, we found that many covalently bonded molecules such as H2, N2, CO2, NH3, H2O and CH4may react with NaC l, a prototype ionic solid,and form stable compounds under pressure while retaining their molecular structure. These molecules,despite whether they are homonuclear or heteronuclear, polar or non-polar, small or large, do not show strong chemical interactions with surrounding Na and Cl ions. In contrast, the most stable molecule among all examples, N2, is found to transform into cyclo-N5-anions while reacting with NaC l under high pressures. It provides a new route to synthesize pentazolates, which are promising green energy materials with high energy density. Our work demonstrates a unique and universal hybridization propensity of covalently bonded molecules and solid compounds under pressure. This surprising miscibility suggests possible mixing regions between the molecular and rock layers in the interiors of large planets.

关键词： molecule-solid hybrid materials high-pressure crystal structure prediction density functional theory planet interior

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Combined peakreductionandself-consumptionusingproximalpolicy optimisation

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 24-31页

作者： Thijs Peirelinck chris Hermans Fred Spiessens Geert Deconinck ESAT KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 10 bus 24453001 LeuvenBelgium AMO Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)Boeretang 2002400 Mol Belgium AMO EnergyVilleThor Park 83103600 GenkBelgium

Residential demand response programs aim to activate demand flexibility at the household *** recent years,reinforcement learning(RL)has gained significant attention for these type of applications.A major challenge of RL algorithms is data *** RL algorithms,such as proximal policy optimisation(PPO),have tried to increase data *** tionally,combining RL with transfer learning has been proposed in an effort to mitigate this *** this work,we further improve upon state-of-the-art transfer learning performance by incorporating demand response domain knowledge into the learning *** evaluate our approach on a demand response use case where peak shaving and self-consumption is incentivised by means of a capacity *** show our adapted version of PPO,combined with transfer learming,reduces cost by 14.51%compared to a regular hysteresis controller and by 6.68%compared to traditional PPO.

关键词： Demand response Reinforcement learning Electric water heater Peak shaving Transfer learning

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Competition Creates Deep Space Cuisine

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Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 4-7页

作者： chris Palmer Senior Technology Writer

For decades,meals for astronauts during their trips off planet have mostly consisted of prepackaged dehydrated or freeze-dried food,occasionally garnished with terrarium-grown lettuce(Fig.1)[1,2].With longer-term missions to extraterrestrial outposts on the near horizon,a US National Aeronautics and Space Agency(NASA)competition now in its final stages aims to meet the nutritional needs of astronauts on deep space *** added benefit could be innovations in low-resource food production that could help feed Earth’s still growing human population.

关键词： Create planet dried

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Experimental and analytical investigation on friction resistance force between buried coated pressurized steel pipes and soil

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 615-629页

作者： Shaurav ALAM Tanvir MANZUR John MATTHEWS chris BARTLETT Erez ALLOUCHE Brent KEIL John KRAFT Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Engineering Technology Louisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71270USA Department of Civil Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka 1000Bangladesh Georgia Tech Research Institute AtlantaGA 30332USA Stantec Inc. Edmonton T5J0K4Canada North West Pipe Company VancouverWA 98684USA

This paper presents an analytical approach for estimating frictional resistance to pipe movement at soil and external pipe surface of buried coated pressurized steel pipes relative to the internal thrust *** proposed analytical method was developed based on 36 experiments,which involved three coating types(cement mortar(CM),polyurethane type-I(PT-I),prefabricated plastic tape(PPT))on pipes’surfaces,three different soils(pea-gravel(PG),sand(S),silty-clay(SC)),and four simulated over burden depths above the pipe’s *** showed frictional resistance decreased with increasing over burden depth above the pipe’s *** degree of frictional resistance at the pipe-soil interface was found to be in the order of PG>SC>S for all coating variations and overburden *** coated pipe buried in all three types of soil produced significantly higher frictional resistance as compared to other coating *** on experimental data,the developed analytical introduced a dimensionless factor“Z”,which included effects of types of coatings,soil,and overburden depths for simplified rapid *** showed that the method provided a better prediction of frictional resistance forces,in comparison to previous analytical methods,which were barely close in predicting friction resistance for different coating variations,soil types,and overburden *** resistance force values reported herein could be considered conservative.

关键词： friction resistance force thrust force coated pressurized steel pipe soil type overburden depth

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Innovations Not Enough—Yet—to Make Headset Market an Actual Reality

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Engineering 2024年第10期41卷 4-6页

作者： chris Palmer Senior Technology Writer

In January 2024,after decades of intermittent improvements in virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)devices failing to help the technology catch on with the public,tech behemoth Apple(Cupertino,CA,USA)launched its marketing of a headset with by far the highest resolution and sharpest contrast of any commercially available device to date[1].Yet sales of the Vision Pro(Fig.1),Apple’s much anticipated first entry in the VR/AR marketplace,have fallen far short of the company’s already low expectations[2].

关键词： Market Apple sharp

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Predictive modeling for post operative delirium in elderly

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第9期16卷 3761-3764页

作者： chris B Lamprecht Abeer Dagra Brandon Lucke-Wold Lillian S.Wells Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainevilleFL 32610United States

Delirium,a complex neurocognitive syndrome,frequently emerges following surgery,presenting diverse manifestations and considerable obstacles,especially among the *** editorial delves into the intricate phenomenon of postoperative delirium(POD),shedding light on a study that explores POD in elderly individuals undergoing abdominal malignancy *** study examines pathophysiology and predictive determinants,offering valuable insights into this challenging clinical *** the synthetic minority oversampling technique,a predictive model is developed,incorporating critical risk factors such as comorbidity index,anesthesia grade,and surgical *** is an urgent need for accurate risk factor identification to mitigate POD *** specific to elderly patients with abdominal malignancies,the findings contribute significantly to understanding delirium pathophysiology and *** research is warranted to establish standardized predictive for enhanced generalizability.

关键词： Post-operative delirium Elderly delirium Neurocognitive syndrome Neurotransmitters Abdominal malignancy Predictive model Synthetic minority oversampling technique

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Proliferating Satellite Constellations Pose Astronomical and Environmental Challenges

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 9-11页

作者： chris Palmer Senior Technology Writer

On 6 October 2023,Amazon(Seattle,WA,USA)launched two prototype satellites into low-Earth orbit[1],the inaugural orbiters of Project Kuiper,a constellation of 3236 satellites that will work together to eventually deliver internet to tens of millions of customers *** Kuiper,named for the belt of ice,rock,and dwarf planets beyond Neptune,is smaller in number than the so-called mega-constellations built by SpaceX(Hawthorne,CA,USA),OneWeb(London,UK),and others,Amazon plans to loft its Kuiper satellites into orbit at a historic pace over the next few years.

关键词： Amazon eventually planet

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