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Assessment of albendazole efficacy against Ascaris lumbricoides at three sites of Andhra Pradesh,Odisha,and Kerala in India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第7期17卷 310-316页

作者： Vinay Garg Ankur Garg shubha Garg Sudhir Kumar Jain Tanzin Dikid Saurabh Jain Jitendra Manjhi Antonio Montresor Atul Goel Division of Parasitic Diseases National Centre for Disease ControlMinistry of Health and Family WelfareGovernment of India22-Sham Nath MargCivil LinesNew Delhi-110054India National Centre for Disease Control Ministry of Health and Family WelfareGovernment of India22-Sham Nath MargCivil LinesNew Delhi-110054India Epidemiology Division National Centre for Disease ControlMinistry of Health and Family WelfareGovernment of India22-Sham Nath MargCivil LinesNew Delhi-110054India Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTD) World Health Organization(WHO)Av Appia 20 CH-1211Geneva 27Switzerland Department of Community&Family Medicine AIIMS KalyaniIndia Community and Primary Care-based Intervention Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTD)World Health Organization(WHO)Av Appia 20 CH-1211Geneva 27Switzerland Director General of Health Sciences(DGHS)&Director National Centre for Disease ControlMinistry of Health and Family WelfareGovernment of India22-Sham Nath MargCivil LinesNew Delhi-110054India

Objective:To assess efficacy of albendazole against Ascaris(A.)lumbricoides among school-children at three sites of Rajahmundry,Sundergarh and ***:Sites were selected based on soil-transmitted helminths prevalence,different sociocultural-geographical characteristics and operational feasibility.9-12 Years old children from 14 schools were *** study was conducted in two rounds:baseline&follow up *** eligible children found positive for *** at baseline were administered supervised single tablet albendazole 400 mg under the National Deworming Day *** post-treatment follow-up survey,eligible children who provided second stool sample were included in the final *** samples were examined using WHO recommended Kato-Katz *** was estimated based on cure rate(CR)and Fecal Egg Count Reduction Rate(FECRR)among children found positive in baseline and follow-up ***:328 Out of 625(52.5%)were found positive for *** in the baseline survey and 85 out of 178 samples(47.8%)during post-treatment follow-up ***,the estimated CR was 52.2%.FECRR(95%CI)for albendazole was 72.6%(79.2%-66.0%).The FECRR was highest in East Godaveri[89.7%(96.8%-82.6%)],followed by Sundergarh[86.4%(95.3%-77.5%)]and Wayanad[69%(81.7%-56.4%)].Conclusions:Our study confirmed overall reduction in FEC although with varying albendazole efficacy for *** infection at three different locations in ***,these finding may be assessed in context of ongoing MDA under Filaria control program and further studies by in vivo as well as in vitro methods are required to reach to a conclusion on possible resistance if any.

关键词： Soil transmitted helminths Ascaris lumbricoides Albendazole Efficacy

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Innovative Techniques Unveiled in Advanced Sheet Pile Curtain Design

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第1期14卷 1-37页

作者： Peace Sèna Hounkpe Guy oyéniran Adéoti Patrick Oniakitan Mondoté Éric Adéchina Alamou Department of Civil Engineering Higher National School of Public Works (ENSTP) Abomey Benin Laboratory of Testing and Studies in Civil Engineering (L2EGC) National University of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin

This thorough review explores the complexities of geotechnical engineering, emphasizing soil-structure interaction (SSI). The investigation centers on sheet pile design, examining two primary methodologies: Limit Equilibrium Methods (LEM) and Soil-Structure Interaction Methods (SSIM). While LEM methods, grounded in classical principles, provide valuable insights for preliminary design considerations, they may encounter limitations in addressing real-world complexities. In contrast, SSIM methods, including the SSI-SR approach, introduce precision and depth to the field. By employing numerical techniques such as Finite Element (FE) and Finite Difference (FD) analyses, these methods enable engineers to navigate the dynamics of soil-structure interaction. The exploration extends to SSI-FE, highlighting its essential role in civil engineering. By integrating Finite Element analysis with considerations for soil-structure interaction, the SSI-FE method offers a holistic understanding of how structures dynamically interact with their geotechnical environment. Throughout this exploration, the study dissects critical components governing SSIM methods, providing engineers with tools to navigate the intricate landscape of geotechnical design. The study acknowledges the significance of the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model while recognizing its limitations, and guiding practitioners toward informed decision-making in geotechnical analyses. As the article concludes, it underscores the importance of continuous learning and innovation for the future of geotechnical engineering. With advancing technology and an evolving understanding of soil-structure interaction, the study remains committed to ensuring the safety, stability, and efficiency of geotechnical structures through cutting-edge design and analysis techniques.

关键词： Sheet Pile Curtain Design Soil-Structure Interaction Geotechnical Engineering Advanced Design Techniques Finite Element Analysis Innovative Geotechnical Methods

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Advanced Sheet Pile Curtain Design: Case Study of Cotonou East Corniche

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第1期14卷 38-64页

This paper delves into the critical aspects of sheet pile walls in civil engineering, highlighting their versatility in soil protection, retention, and waterproofing, all while emphasizing sustainability and efficient construction practices. The paper explores two fundamental approaches to sheet pile design: limit equilibrium methods and numerical techniques, with a particular focus on finite element analysis. Utilizing the robust PLAXIS 2016 calculation code based on the finite element method and employing a simplified elastoplastic model (Mohr-Coulomb), this study meticulously models the interaction between sheet pile walls and surrounding soil. The research offers valuable insights into settlement and deformation patterns that adjacent buildings may experience during various construction phases. The central objective of this paper is to present the study’s findings and recommend potential mitigation measures for settlement effects on nearby structures. By unraveling the intricate interplay between sheet pile wall construction and neighboring buildings, the paper equips engineers and practitioners to make informed decisions that ensure the safety and integrity of the built environment. In the context of the Cotonou East Corniche development, the study addresses the limitations of existing software, such as RIDO, in predicting settlements and deformations affecting nearby buildings due to the substantial load supported by sheet pile walls. This information gap necessitates a comprehensive study to assess potential impacts on adjacent structures and propose suitable mitigation measures. The research underscores the intricate dynamics between sheet pile wall construction and its influence on the local environment. It emphasizes the critical importance of proactive engineering and vigilant monitoring in managing and mitigating potential hazards to nearby buildings. To mitigate these risks, the paper recommends measures such as deep foundations, ground improvement tech

关键词： Sheet Pile Walls and Structural Analysis Soil-Structure Interaction Modeling Structural Sustainability Cotonou East Corniche Sustainable Construction Plaxis Calculation Code Settlement Mitigation

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Innate immunity in Drosophila： Pathogens and pathways

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Insect Science 2008年第1期15卷 29-43页

作者： shubha Govind Biology Department and the Graduate Center The City College of the City University of New York New York USA

Following in the footsteps of traditional developmental genetics, research over the last 15 years has shown that innate immunity against bacteria and fungi is governed largely by two NF-κB signal transduction pathways, Toll and IMD. Antiviral immunity appears to stem from RNA interference, whereas resistance against parasitoids is conferred by Toll signaling. The identification of these post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms and the annotation of most Drosophila immunity genes have derived from functional genomic studies using ＂model＂ pathogens, intact animals and cell lines. The D. melanogaster host has thus provided the core information that can be used to study responses to natural microbial and metazoan pathogens as they become identified, as well as to test ideas of selection and evolutionary change. These analyses are of general importance to understanding mechanisms of other insect host-pathogen interactions and determinants of variation in host resistance.

关键词： Innate immunity Drosophila genomes NF-κB signal transduction JAK-STAT antimicrobial peptides

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Awareness,practice and views about integrating AYUSH in allopathic curriculum of allopathic doctors and interns in a tertiary care teaching hospital in New Delhi,India

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第2期16卷 113-119页

作者： shubha Singhal Vandana Roy Department of Pharmacology Maulana Azad Medical College

Objective： To assess the knowledge, attitude, perception and practice of Ayurveda, yoga, Unani, Siddha, homeopathy and naturopathy （AYUSH） among allopathic doctors and interns and determine their opin- ion regarding integration of AYUSH education within the allopathic curriculum. Methods： This prospective, cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching Hospital, New Delhi, India, from March 2016 to March 2017. A survey of 500 aUopathic doctors and 150 interns was performed using a structured questionnaire. Results： A majority of doctors （95.2%） were aware of the term AYUSH and had knowledge of yoga （70.6%）, homeopathy （55.6%）, Ayurveda （50.3%）, Siddha （47.8%）, naturopathy （32.9%） and Unani （28.9%）. Most of the participants （63.0%） felt that therapies under AYUSH are effective. A majority （84.0%） of the doctors were of the view that more research is required in the field of AYUSH. While homeopathy （44.0%） was the most common system used by doctors for themselves, yoga was the therapy most commonly （60.0%） recommended to patients. Nearly half of the doctors （46.7%） recommended AYUSH to their patients, mainly for chronic illness （74.0%）. A majority （77.5%） of the respondents agreed that students of allopathic med- icine should be familiarized with AYUSH. The modes of incorporation of AYUSH into the medical curriculum most commonly suggested by respondents were optional courses （54.5%） and introductory lectures （42.3%）. Conclusion： Doctors and interns ofallopathic medicine are aware of AYUSH systems. They use it for them- selves and recommend it to patients. They believe that familiarization of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students with AYUSH therapies and their integration with allopathic medicine may help in improving patient care.

关键词： Ayurveda Yoga Unani Siddha Homeopathy Naturopathy Allopathic doctors Complementary therapies Ayurvedic medicine

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A Global Training Model for Beat Classification Using Basic Electrocardiogram Morphological Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4503-4521页

作者： shubha Sumesh John Yearwood Shamsul Huda Shafiq Ahmad School of Information Technology Deakin UniversityBurwoodVIC3128Australia Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia

Clinical Study and automatic diagnosis of electrocardiogram(ECG)data always remain a challenge in diagnosing cardiovascular *** analysis of ECG data relies on various factors like morphological features,classification techniques,methods or models used to diagnose and its performance *** crucial factor in themethodology is howto train the model for each *** approaches use standard training model which faces challenges when training data has variation due to individual patient characteristics resulting in a lower detection *** paper proposes an adaptive approach to identify performance improvement in building a training model that analyze global trainingmethodology against an individual training methodology and identifying a gap between *** provide our investigation and comparative study on these methods and model with standard classification techniques with basic morphological features and Heart RateVariability(HRV)thatmay aid real time *** approach helps in analyzing and evaluating the performance of different techniques and can suggests adoption of a best model identification with efficient technique and efficient attribute set for real-time systems.

关键词： ECG morphological feature HRV global adaptive training multilayer perceptron(MLP) support vector machine(SVM) random forest(RF)

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H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)á18H_2O: A green and reusable catalyst for one-pot synthesis of pyrano[4,3-b]pyrans in water

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第11期24卷 1033-1036页

作者： Deepika Rajguru Balwant S. Keshwal shubha Jain School of Studies in Chemistry Vikram University Ujjain

A convenient,effcient and environmentally benign procedure has been developed for the synthesis of pyrano[4,3-b]pyran derivatives via a one-pot,three-component reaction of 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-2-one,aldehydes and malononitrile in water using H6P2W18O62á18H2O as *** of the catalyst and reaction media,short reaction times and easy isolation of products are some added advantages of the present methodology.

关键词： H_6P_2W_18O_62á18H_2O Pyrano[4 3-b]pyran Synthesis Aqueous medium Environmentally benign

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Effect of Extrusion Forming on Compressive Strength of Al_(18)B_4O_(33)w/Mg Composites

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稀有金属材料与工程 2009年第A3期38卷 41-44页

作者： Li Zhengjia Li Hejun Qi Lehua oy Haibo Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi＇an 710072 China

The aluminum borate whisker reinforced magnesium matrix composites (Al18B4O33w/Mg) were fabricated by pressure infiltration technique and extrusion-vacuum infiltration technique respectively to study the effect of extrusion forming on their mechanical behaviors. The microstructure of the composites was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The compressive strength was investigated and compared with that of the matrix alloy AZ91D. The results show that the extrusion forming could cause fracture of the whisker, but reduce the holes in the composite during impregnation and improve the interfacial bonding between the whisker and the matrix alloy. Compared with that of the matrix as-cast alloy AZ91D, the compressive strength of Al18B4O33w/Mg by the pressure infiltration technique was increased by 22%, while that of Al18B4O33w/Mg by the extrusion-vacuum infiltration technique was increased by 120 %.

关键词：硼酸铝复合材料电子显微镜抗压强度

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Permian palynofioras from Yongchang and Sunan of Gansu Province and their phytoprovincial characteristics

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第9期44卷 831-834页

作者： Shu, oy Zhu, HC Wang, H Chinese Acad Sci Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol Nanjing 210008 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Lanzhou Inst Geol Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China

The Early Permian (Shansi + Lower Shihhotse Formations) palynofloras of Longshoushan are dominated by Cathaysian-Euramerican common forms, mainly composed of pteridophytic and pteridospermous spores. But up to the Lower Shihhotse Formation, gymnosperms greatly developed, and they possibly already dominated the vegetation in the Upper Shihhotse Formation; while in the late Late Permian, they indicate a strong colour of Subangara area. In other words, during the whole Permian, the Cathaysian flora had a history from prosperity to decline, and Subangara plants might have had a reverse tendency there.

关键词： palynoflora phytoprovince Permian Gansu Province.

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Silica-bonded N-propyl sulfamic acid as an efficient recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones/thiones under heterogeneous conditions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第3期25卷 469-473页

作者： Srinivasa Rao Jetti Anjna Bhatewara Tanuja Kadre shubha Jain Laboratory of Heterocycles School of Studies in Chemistry & BiochemistryVikram University

Silica-bonded N-propyl sulfamic acid （SBNPSA） catalyzed one-pot three component Biginelli condensation of different substituted aromatic aldehydes with ethyl acetoacetate and urea/thoiurea to the respective 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-（lH）-ones and thiones in environment friendly procedure is described. The facile reaction conditions, simple isolation and purification procedures of this method make it a good option for the svnthesis of dihydropyrimidinones.

关键词： Silica-bonded N-propyl sulfamic acid3 4-Dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-onesMulti component reactionsHeterogeneous catalysis

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