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Catalytic effect in lithium metal batteries: From heterogeneous catalyst to homogenous catalyst

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 305-326,I0008页

作者： Haining Fan xuan-wen Gao Hailong xu Yichun Ding Shi-xue Dou wen-Bin Luo school of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 100872China Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines Metallurgy School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina Institute of Energy Materials Science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200000China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710000ShaanxiChina

Lithium metal batteries are regarded as prominent contenders to address the pressing needs owing to the high theoretical *** the broader implementation,the primary obstacle lies in the intricate multi-electron,multi-step redox reaction associated with sluggish conversion kinetics,subsequently giving rise to a cascade of parasitic *** order to smooth reaction kinetics,catalysts are widely introduced to accelerate reaction rate via modulating the energy *** past decades,a large amount of research has been devoted to the catalyst design and catalytic mechanism exploration,and thus the great progress in electrochemical performance has been ***,it is necessary to make a comprehensive review toward key progress in catalyst design and future development *** this review,the basic mechanism of lithium metal batteries is provided along with corresponding advantages and existing challenges detailly *** main catalysts employed to accelerate cathode reaction with emphasis on their catalytic mechanism are summarized as ***,the rational design and innovative direction toward efficient catalysts are suggested for future application in metal-sulfur/gas battery and *** review is expected to drive and benefit future research on rational catalyst design with multi-parameter synergistic impacts on the activity and stability of next-generation metal battery,thus opening new avenue for sustainable solution to climate change,energy and environmental issues,and the potential industrial economy.

关键词： Energy storage and conversion Metal battery Sulfur battery Air battery Catalytic effect heterogeneous catalyst Homogeneous catalyst

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Stability and transepithelial transport of oligopeptide(KRQKYD)with hepatocyte-protective activity from Jinhua ham in human intestinal Caco-2 monolayer cells

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1503-1512页

作者： wen Nie Feiran xu Kai Zhou Jieying Deng Ying Wang Baocai xu engineering Research Center of Bio-process Ministry of EducationSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230601China school of Biological and Food engineering Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239001China

The study evaluated the stability of an oligopeptide(Lys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Asp,KRQKYD)and its transport mechanism by simulating gastrointestinal digestion and a model of human intestinal Caco-2 monolayer cells in *** this study,the effects of environmental factors(temperature,pH and NaCl concentration)and simulated gastrointestinal digestion on the stability of KRQKYD were evaluated by indicators of the levels of alanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate transaminase(AST)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in an alcoholinduced hepatocyte injury *** results showed that KRQKYD still maintained satisfactory hepatocyteprotective activity after treatment with different temperatures(20-80℃),pH(3.0-9.0),NaCl concentration(1%-7%)and simulated gastrointestinal digestion,which indicated that KRQKYD showed good stability to environmental factors and simulated gastrointestinal ***,the intact KRQKYD could be absorbed in a model of Caco-2 monolayer cells with a P_(app)value of(9.70±0.53)×10^(-7)cm/*** with an energy inhibitor(sodium azide),a competitive peptide transporter inhibitor(Gly-Pro)and a transcytosis inhibitor wortmannin did not decrease the level of transepithelial KRQKYD transport,indicating that the transport mechanism of KRQKYD was not associated with energy dependent,vector mediated and *** tight junction disruptor cytochalasin D significantly increased the level of transepithelial KRQKYD transport(P<0.05),suggesting that intact KRQKYD was absorbed by paracellular transport.

关键词： Jinhua ham KRQKYD(Lys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Asp) environmental stability Gastrointestinal digestive Transport mechanism

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Study on metal recovery process and kinetics of oxidative leaching from spent LiFePO_(4)Li-batteries

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Chinese Journal of chemical engineering 2024年第4期68卷 94-102页

作者： Xiaoming Zhang wen Xie Xiaolei Zhou wenjie Zhang Jiawei wen Xin Wang Guoyong Huang Shengming xu College of New Energy and Materials China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of heavy Oil Processing College of Chemical EngineeringChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Beijing Spacecrafts Beijing 100094China Ganfeng Lithium Group Co. Ltd.Xinyu 338000China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Fine Ceramics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A green environmental protection and enhanced leaching process was proposed to recover all elements from spent lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4)) lithium *** order to reduce the influence of Al impurity in the recovery process,NaOH was used to remove *** impurity removal,the spent LiFePO_(4) cathode material was used as raw material under the H_(2)SO_(4) system,and the pressure oxidation leaching process was adopted to achieve the preferential leaching of *** E-pH diagram of the Fe-P-Al-H_(2)O system can determine the stable region of each element in the recovery process of spent LiFePO_(4)*** the optimal conditions(500 r·min^(-1),15 h,363.15 K,0.4 MPa,the liquid-solid ratio was 4:1 ml·g^(-1)and the acid-material ratio was 0.29),the leaching rate of Li was 99.24%,Fe,Al,and Ti were 0.10%,2.07%,and 0.03%,*** Fe and P were precipitated and recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)*** kinetic analysis shows that the process of high-pressure acid leaching of spent LiFePO_(4) materials depends on the surface chemical *** the life cycle assessment(LCA)of the spent LiFePO_(4) whole recovery process,eight midpoint impact categories were selected to assess the impact of recovery *** results can provide basic environmental information on production process for recycling industry.

关键词： Spent LiFePO_(4)Li-batteries Oxidative leaching Kinetic study Life cycle assessment

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Metal–phenolic coordination crystals derived magnetic hollow carbon spheres for ultrahigh electromagnetic wave absorption

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1616-1624页

作者： Hanxiao xu Zizhuang he Yiruo Wang Xiangru Ren Panbo Liu school of Chemistry and chemical engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China

Owing to the tunable compositions and versatile functionality,the development of eco-friendly metal–phenolic coordination crystals derivatives is highly anticipated for electromagnetic wave *** this study,three kinds of magnetic hollow carbon spheres(HCSs)with macro-meso-microporous characteristics,including Fe/HCS,Co/HCS,and CoNi/HCS,are successfully fabricated via the co-operative hard template and self-assembling process,in which magnetic particles are encapsulated in carbon shell matrix after the pyrolysis of metal–polyphenol coordination crystals and further subsequent template *** the one hand,hierarchical macro-meso-micropores effectively balance the impedance gap between absorbers and air and introduce structural defects or distortion,leading to matched impedance and enhanced dipolar/defect *** the other hand,wrapped magnetic particles provide uncountable hetero-interfaces and induce ferromagnetic resonance,resulting in strengthened interfacial polarization and additional magnetic *** particular,enhanced minimum reflection loss(RL,min)and broadband effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)are achieved with only 10 wt.%filler ***,the RL,min and EAB values are-57.5 dB and 7.2 GHz for Fe/HCS,-50.0 dB and 5.8 GHz for Co/HCS,and-52.1 dB and 6.7 GHz for CoNi/HCS,***,this work provides us a modular-assembly strategy to regulate the hollow cavity of absorbers and simultaneously manipulates the chemical components of absorbers to regulate electromagnetic wave absorption performance.

关键词： hollow engineering hierarchical pores hetero-interfaces synergetic effect electromagnetic wave absorption

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Construction of core@double-shell structured energetic composites with simultaneously enhanced thermal stability and safety performance

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 134-142页

作者： Peng Wang wen Qian Ruolei Zhong Fangfang he Xin Li Jie Chen Li Meng Yinshuang Sun Guansong he Institute of chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials School of Materials and ChemistrySouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China

The poor thermal stability and high sensitivity severely hinder the practical application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).herein,a kind of novel core@double-shell CL-20 based energetic composites were fabricated to address the above *** coordination complexes which consist of natural polyphenol tannic acid(TA) and Fe~Ⅲ were chosen to construct the inner shell,while the graphene sheets were used to build the outer *** resulting CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites exhibited simultaneously improved thermal stability and safety performance with only 1 wt% double-shell content,which should be ascribed to the intense physical encapsulation effect from inner shell combined with the desensitization effect of carbon nano-materials from outer *** phase transition(ε to γ) temperature increased from 173.70 ℃ of pure CL-20 to 191.87℃ of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene ***,the characteristic drop height(H_(50)) dramatically increased from 14.7 cm of pure CL-20 to112.8 cm of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites,indicating much superior safety performance after the construction of the double-shell *** general,this work has provided an effective and versatile strategy to conquer the thermal stability and safety issues of CL-20 and contributes to the future application of high energy density energetic materials.

关键词： CL-20 Double-shell structure Thermal stability Safety performance Tannic acid Graphene sheets

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Nanoconfinement-induced water molecules and hydrogen molecules transport behaviors in ball-in-ball structure photocatalysts to improve hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3752-3760页

作者： Ben Chong Baorong xu he Li Honghui Ou Guidong Yang XJTU-Oxford Joint International Research Laboratory of Catalysis School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The diffusion,adsorption/desorption behaviors of water molecules and hydrogen molecules are of great importance in heterogeneous photocatalytic hydrogen *** the study of structure-property-performance relationships,nanoconfined space provides an ideal platform to promote mass diffusion and transfer due to their extraordinary properties that are different from the bulk ***,we designed and prepared a nanoconfined CdS@SiO_(2)-NH_(2) nanoreactor,whose shell is composed of amino-functionalized silica nanochannels,and encapsulates spherical CdS as a photocatalyst *** and simulated results reveal that the amino-functionalized nanochannels promote water molecules’and hydrogen molecules’directional diffusion and *** molecules are enriched in the nanocavity between the core and the shell,and promote the interfacial photocatalytic *** a result,the maximized water enrichment and minimized hydrogen-occupied active sites enable photocatalyst with optimized mass transfer kinetics and localization electron distribution on the CdS surface,leading to superior hydrogen production performance with activity as high as 37.1 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1).

关键词： nanochannels photocatalytic hydrogen evolution mass transfer amino-functionalized CdS

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Comparative evaluation of SPE methods for biotoxicity assessment of water and wastewater:Linkage between chemical extracting efficiency and biotoxicity outcome

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 33-42页

作者： Jiawei Zhou Shihao Wang Xiwei he Hongqiang Ren xu-Xiang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Biotoxicity assessment results of environmental waters largely depend on the sample extraction protocols that enrich pollutants to meet the effect-trigger thresholds of ***,more chemical mixture does not necessarily translate to higher combined ***,there is a need to establish the link between chemical extracting efficiency and biotoxicity outcome to standardize extraction methods for biotoxicity assessment of environmental *** study compares the performance of five different extraction phases in solid phase extraction(SPE),namely HLB,HLB+Coconut,C18 cartridge,C18 disk and Strata-X,and evaluated their chemical extracting efficiencies and biotoxicity *** quantitatively assessed cytotoxicity,acute toxicity,genotoxicity,estrogenic activity,and neurotoxicity of the extracts using in vitro bioassays and characterized the chemical extracting efficiencies of the SPE methods through chemical recoveries of 23 model compounds with different polarities and total organic *** Pareto ranking,we identified HLB+Coconut as the optimal SPE method,which exhibited the highest level of water sample biotoxicity and recovered the most chemicals in water *** found that the biotoxicity outcomes of the extracted water samples significantly and positively correlated with the chemical extracting efficiencies of the SPE ***,we observed synchronous changing patterns in biotoxicity outcome and chemical extracting efficiencies in response to increasing sample volumes per cartridge(SVPC)during *** findings underscore that higher chemical extracting efficiency of SPE corresponds to higher biotoxicity outcome of environmental water samples,providing a scientific basis for standardization of SPE methods for adequate assessment of biotoxicities of environmental waters.

关键词： Biotoxicity chemical recovery Solid phase extraction Surface water Wastewater

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heat distribution model under hydrogen-rich low-carbon conditions in blast furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 584-594页

作者： Gang Wang Jun xu Kun he Zhong-ping Zou Hao Bai school of Metallurgy and Ecological engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China CISDI Low-Carbon Blast Furnace Research Office MCC Low-Carbon Technology Research InstituteChongqing 401122China

Low carbon development of blast furnaces is one of the key technological directions in the current development of *** to the differences in the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen and carbon,hydrogen-rich media entering a blast furnace will change the heat distribution,thus affecting the stability of ***,a heat distribution model was proposed to study the temperature distribution in a blast furnace,simultaneously considering gas-solid heat exchange,slag and iron melting,and chemical *** model was used to analyze the temperature distribution of a 2300 m^(3) blast furnace and was verified via comparison with actual production ***,the effects of the injection rate of hydrogen-rich media,H2 concentration,and oxygen enrichment rate of the blast on the temperature distribution were *** indicated that the increase in the injection rate of the hydrogen-rich media decreased the amount of direct reduction and led to an increase in the furnace ***,an increase in the oxygen enrichment rate led to a decrease in the furnace temperature,but could reduce the solid fuel ratio,while the change in H2 concentration had less effect on the temperature *** combination of hydrogen-rich media injection and the increase in the oxygen enrichment rate would help to adjust the temperature distribution to the same level as the conventional blast furnace conditions.

关键词： heat distribution Blast furnace Low-carbon condition Hydrogen enrichment Calculation model

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Single-atom catalysis for advanced oxidation and reduction systems in water decontamination

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3576-3606页

作者： Jie Teng Jin-Hui xu wen-Xin Sun xue-Feng Liu Xia xu Guo-Shuai Liu school of Urban Construction Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China school of environmental and Civil engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Water scarcity is an escalating global crisis,posing a severe threat to populations ***,exploring various materials to remove emerging contaminants from freshwater sources has garnered significant *** this regard,single-atom catalysis(SACs) has emerged as a catalyst of scientific progress in water purification and treatment methodologies during recent *** exhibit exceptional catalytic activity,selectivity and stability,due to their near-perfect atom utilization,highly unsaturated coordination environment and uniform reaction ***,a comprehensive and critical review encompassing the successful integration of SACs into water purification processes needs to be *** review aims to accentuate recent trends by presenting the synthesis,structure,and environment and energy application-relevant properties of *** results show that a comprehensive and multi-perspective summary of the advantages of SACs in environmental remediation can have significant benefits,such as fast kinetics,costeffectiveness,*** oxidation and reduction processes of SACs and functional SACs materials in water purification were ***,the last section is devoted to the current research gaps and further perspectives on the application of SACs in water treatment,which are summarized and analyzed.

关键词： Single-atom catalysis Water treatment Oxidation Reduction

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Leaching kinetics and permeability of polyethyleneimine added ammonium sulfate on weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1610-1619,I0008页

作者： Huifang Yang Aoyang Sha Zhengyan he Chenjie Wu Yuanlai xu Jingjing Hu Zhigao xu Ru'an Chi Key Laboratory for Green chemical Process of Ministry of Education School of Resources&Safety EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission College of Resources and Environmental ScienceSouth-Central MinzuUniversityWuhan430074China

At present,in-situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WCE-DREOs) encounter with problems such as long leaching cycles,slow infiltration rate and low product *** order to solve the above problems,the conventional leaching agent ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)) was compounded with polymeric surfactant polyethyleneimine(PEI) to form a composite leaching *** effects of leaching temperature,PEI *** rate and pH on leaching kinetics and permeability of rare earths(RE) and aluminum(AI) in orebody were *** is found that with temperature increasing,the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for both RE and Al is shortened,the apparent activation energies of RE and AI are 14.79 and 13.45 kJ/mol,respectively,and the leaching processes are in accordance with the outer diffusion control,When the concentrations of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) and PEI in the composite leaching agent are 2.0 wt% and 0.4 wt%;the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for RE and AI is about 50% shorter than that using(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) alone,and the leaching efficiencies of RE are slightly higher than that of *** increasing the temperature and flow rate of the composite leaching agent can improve the leaching efficiencies of RE and Al,but pH has neglected effects on the leaching efficiencies of *** PEI concentrations below 0,4 wt%, the addition of PEI promotes the leaching of RE and *** column leaching studies of the WCE-DREO,the addition of 0.4 wt% PEI to the traditional leaching agent(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) has no impact on the leaching efficiencies of ***,it can significantly increase the infiltration rate of WCE-DREO,shortening the leaching time per 10 mL effluent from about 30 min for(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) leaching system to 20 min for the composite leaching *** leaching time is shortened by one-third,and the leaching cost is reduced,which can provide theoretical guidance for the development and commercial implementa

关键词： Polyethyleneimine Kinetics Rare earths Permeability Activation energy

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