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Macroscopic model and statistical model to characterize electromagnetic information of a digital coding metasurface

National Science Review 2024年第03期11卷 159-171页

作者： Rui Wen Shao Jun wei Wu Zheng Xing Wang Hui Xu Han Qing yang Qiang cheng Tie Jun Cui Institute of Electromagnetic Space Southeast University State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Peng cheng Laboratory Pazhou Laboratory(Huangpu)

A digital coding metasurface is a platform connecting the digital space and electromagnetic wave space, and has therefore gained much attention due to its intriguing value in reshaping wireless channels and realizing new communication architectures. Correspondingly, there is an urgent need for electromagnetic information theory that reveals the upper limit of communication capacity and supports the accurate design of metasurface-based communication systems. To this end, we propose a macroscopic model and a statistical model of the digital coding metasurface. The macroscopic model uniformly accommodates both digital and electromagnetic aspects of the meta-atoms and predicts all possible scattered fields of the digital coding metasurface based on a small number of simulations or measurements. Full-wave simulations and experimental results show that the macroscopic model is feasible and accurate. A statistical model is further proposed to correlate the mutual coupling between meta-atoms with covariance and to calculate the entropy of the equivalent currents of digital coding metasurface. These two models can help reconfigurable intelligent surfaces achieve more accurate beamforming and channel estimation, and thus improve signal power and coverage. Moreover, the models will encourage the creation of a precoding codebook in metasurface-based direct digital modulation systems, with the aim of approaching the upper limit of channel capacity. With these two models, the concepts of current space and current entropy, as well as the analysis of information loss from the coding space to wave space, is established for the first time, helping to bridge the gap between the digital world and the physical world, and advancing developments of electromagnetic information theory and new-architecture wireless systems.

关键词： electromagnetic information theory current entropy current space digital coding metasurface macroscopic model statistical model

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Visual test paper based on Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow nanosphere oxidase-like activity regulation using hexavalent chromium as a smart switch

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 711-722页

作者： Wen-Chang Zhuang Hai-Yue Zhang Zhen-yang Chen Wen-Jing cheng wei-Dan Na Zhao Li Lin Tian School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Xuzhou University of TechnologyXuzhou221018China School of Chemistry and Environmental Science Yili Normal UniversityYining835000China

Paper-based sensing platform is a point of need analytical toolkit for safety ***,the sensitivity,specificity,and simplicity are still ***,we report a novel strategy(Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow nanosphere and 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)induced test strips for signal-on detection)that can be utilized for hexavalent chromium(Cr^(6+))***,Cr^(6+)(CrO_(4)^(2−)) as a smart switch can remarkably enhance the oxidase-like activity of Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow *** presence of Cr^(6+) can regulate the surface electronic redistribution of Au/δ-MnO_(2) and adjust the geometric configuration,which leads to the improvement in oxidase-like activity of Au/δ-MnO_(2).As a proof-of-concept application,a visual paper-based sensing platform of Cr^(6+) along with quantitative analysis by the test strips was successfully *** paper-based sensing platform exhibits a linear range with excellent selectivity for other interfering substances and lower limit of detection of 0.09μmol·L^(−1),providing a promising toolkit at-home Cr^(6+) measurement and environmental monitoring.

关键词： Point of need Colorimetric biosensing platform Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow nanosphere Test strip Cr^(6+)

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Dynamic Spacer Installation of Multifunctionalities into Metal-Organic Frameworks for Spontaneous One-Step Ethylene Purification from a Ternary C_(2)-Hydrocarbons Mixture

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 241-254页

作者： yang-yang Xiong cheng-Xia Chen Tony Pham Zhang-Wen wei Katherine A.Forrest Mei Pan cheng-Yong Su MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275 Department of Chemistry University of South FloridaTampaFlorida 33620

Simultaneous ethane and acetylene removal from a C_(2)-gases mixture(C_(2)H_(6),C_(2)H_(4),and C_(2)H_(2))through a one-step separation process for ethylene purification is of great importance yet challenging in petrochemical industry,owing to their similar molecule sizes and physical ***,a series of multifunctionalized metal–organic frameworks(MOFs),LIFM-XYY-1∼8(LIFM stands for Lehn Institute of Functional Materials,and XYY are the initials of the first author),are constructed via a dynamic spacer installation(DSI)approach to optimize the pore-nanospaces for efficient C_(2)H_(4) isolation from the ternary C_(2)-gases *** of variable organic-spacers into the prototypical MOFs,LIFM-28 or PCN-700,results in dramatically improved pore volume/surface area,contracted pore size,and functionalized pore surface,which in turn bring out high C_(2)-gases uptake capacities,enhanced C_(2)H_(6) and C_(2)H_(2) adsorption selectivities over C_(2)H_(4),and fast adsorption kinetics,providing an effective strategy to achieve delicate trade-off among these indexes for adequate separation ***,optimized LIFM-XYY-7 presents four-times C_(2)H_(6) and C_(2)H_(2) adsorption capacities than *** breakthrough experiments reveal that poly-grade C_(2)H_(4)(>99.9%)can be obtained from binary or ternary C_(2)-hydrocarbon mixtures through a single separation *** with themolecular simulations,this work demonstrates a promising protocol of porenanospace engineering via multi-functional optimization by the DSI approach to screen out MOFs for a formidable task.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks dynamic spacer installation C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(4)gases separation pore nanospace engineering multi-functional optimization

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A compact route for efficient production of high-purity β-Ga2O3 powder

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4573-4584页

作者： Xiao-wei Zhou Gao-Jie Chen Liang Xu Zhi-Jun Shao cheng yang Yong-Pan Tian Zhuo Zhao School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Low-Carbon Research Institute Anhui University of Technology

The present study has proposed a compact process for the production of high-purity β-Ga2O3powder by simply using gallium metal and water as the raw materials. The process basically consists of two essential steps including hydrothermal synthesis of Ga OOH and calcination of Ga OOH for the production of the target product of β-Ga2O3. Thermodynamic evaluation and systematic experiments were conducted for process parameter optimization. X-ray diffractometer（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, thermogravimetryDdifferential scanning calorimetry（TG-DSC） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） were utilized to clarify the reaction mechanisms of the hydrothermal synthesis and transformation of Ga OOH to β-Ga2O3by calcination. Chemical analysis of the final product of β-Ga2O3obtained under the optimal conditions was carried out with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）, and the results showed that the contents of the representative impurities such as Ni, Cu, In, Mn, Co, Zn and Cr are obviously lower than the requirement of 5N β-Ga2O3standard, exhibiting excellent application prospect of the proposed process to produce high-purity β-Ga2O3.

关键词： Calcination Hydrothermal synthesis Purity Reaction mechanism β-Ga2O3

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Protective performance of shear stiffening gel-modified foam against ballistic impact:Experimental and numerical study

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 510-520页

作者： Huan Tu Haowei yang Pengzhao Xu Zhe yang Fan Tang cheng Dong Yuchao Chen Lei Ren Wenjian Cao chenguang Huang Yacong Guo Yanpeng wei Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Xi'an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology Xi'an 710065China Science and Technology on Transient Impact Laboratory Beijing 102202China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

As one of the most widely used personal protective equipment(PPE),body armors play an important role in protecting the human body from the high-velocity impact of bullets or *** body torso and critical organs of the wear may suffer severe behind-armor blunt trauma(BABT)even though the impactor is stopped by the body armor.A type of novel composite material through incorporating shear stiffening gel(STG)into ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)foam is developed and used as buffer layers to reduce *** this paper,the protective performance of body armors composed of fabric bulletproof layers and a buffer layer made of foam material is investigated both experimentally and *** effectiveness of STG-modified EVA in damage relief is verified by ballistic *** parallel with the experimental study,numerical simulations are conducted by LS-DYNA®to investigate the dynamic response of each component and capture the key mechanical parameters,which are hardly obtained from field *** fully describe the material behavior under the transient impact,the selected constitutive models take the failure and strain rate effect into consideration.A good agreement between the experimental observations and numerical results is achieved to prove the validity of the modelling *** tests and simulations show that the impact-induced deformation on the human body is significantly reduced by using STG-modified EVA as the buffering *** improvement of protective performance is attributed to better dynamic properties and more outstanding energy absorption capability of the composite foam.

关键词： Ballistic behavior Composite foam Shear stiffening gel Finite element analysis Protective mechanism

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Degradation mechanisms and stabilization strategies of ruthenium-based catalysts for OER in the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第1期34卷 207-222页

作者： Ming yang Hongxiang Wu Zhaoping Shi Yibo Wang Jiahao yang Jing Ni Pengbo Wang Yuqing cheng Ziang Wang Meiling Xiao Changpeng Liu wei Xing Laboratory of Advanced Power Sources Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical Power Sources State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Designing economical oxygen evolution reaction(OER) electrocatalysts with high activity and long-term stability is essential to promote the scale-up applications of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer(PEMWE) for hydrogen production. Ruthenium(Ru)-based materials with high intrinsic activity are hailed as the most promising catalysts, but still infeasible for practical application considering their long unresolved poor stability(only dozens of lifespan). Thus, tremendous efforts have been devoted to uncovering the degradation mechanisms and developing stabilization strategies for the Ru-based catalysts. In this review, starting from summarizing the fundamental understanding of deactivation mechanisms, a picture of the stability issue of Ru-based catalysts is proposed, which is followed by a detailed discussion on the recently developed strategies and progress made on enhancing durability. Finally, insights on the prospects for the future development of stable and practical Rubased OER catalysts are provided.

关键词： OER Ru-based catalysts PEMWE Degradation mechanisms Stabilization strategies

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Room-temperature ferromagnetism and piezoelectricity in metalfree 2D semiconductor crystalline carbon nitride

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5670-5679页

作者： Yong Wang Dingyi yang wei Xu Yongjie Xu Yu Zhang Zixuan cheng Yizhang Wu Xuetao Gan wei Zhong Yan Liu Genquan Han Yue Hao Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory School of MicroelectronicsAcademy of Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchXidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Emerging Device and Chip Laboratory Hangzhou Institute of TechnologyXidian UniversityHangzhou 311200China INRS Centre for Energy Materials and Telecommunications1650 Boul.Lionel BouletVarennesQC J3X 1P7Canada National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for NanotechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China School of Education Jiangsu Open UniversityNanjing 210036China Department of Physics Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China Department of Applied Physical Sciences The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technologyand Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information TechnologySchool of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710129 China

Two-dimensional(2D)materials that combine ferromagnetic,semiconductor,and piezoelectric properties hold significant potential for both fundamental research and spin electronic ***,the majority of reported 2D ferromagnetic-semiconductor-piezoelectric materials rely on d-electron systems,which limits their practical applications due to a Curie temperature lower than room temperature(RT).Here,we report a high-crystallinity carbon nitride(CCN)material based on sp-electrons using a chemical vapor deposition *** exhibits a band gap of 1.8 eV and has been confirmed to possess substantial in-plane and out-of-plane ***,we acquired clear evidences of ferromagnetic behavior at room *** structural characterizations combined with theoretical calculations reveal that incorporating structural oxygen into the highly ordered heptazine structure causes partial substitution of nitrogen sites,which is primarily responsible for generating room-temperature ferromagnetism and *** a result,the strain in wrinkles can effectively modulate the domain behavior and piezoelectric potential at room *** addition of RT ferromagnetic-semiconductor-piezoelectric material based on sp-electrons to the family of two-dimensional materials opens up numerous possibilities for novel applications in fundamental research and spin electronic devices.

关键词： crystallinity carbon nitride room-temperature ferromagnetism piezoelectricity magnetic force microscopy density functional theory(DFT)calculations

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Bed inventory balance and stability of dual circulating fluidized bed systems

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 98-106页

作者： yangjun wei Leming cheng David Pallares Bo Leckner Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Department of Space Earth and EnvironmentChalmers University of TechnologyS-41296GöteborgSweden

Experiments and modelling are conducted for general understanding on the imbalance phenomenon and for discussion on the strategies to improve the bed inventory balance and stability of a dual circulating fluidized bed(DCFB)*** experiments are carried out in a 15.5 m high pilot-scale DCFB cold test system.A fluid-dynamic DCFB model is developed based on a 1.5-dimensional semi-empirical model of an industrial CFB boiler,validated by experimental *** effects of control methods and operation conditions on the bed inventory balance and on the stability of the pilot-and large-scale DCFB systems are discussed.A"stable-unbalanced"state,where the system reaches a steady state,consisting of un-balanced bed inventories,is observed in both experiments and model *** maintain a balanced state and similar bed inventory in the DCFB systems with similar cross-sectional areas,it is recom-mended to keep similar total pressure drops or gas velocities in both reactors.

关键词： Bed inventory balance Stability Dual circulating fluidized bed(DCFB) Experiment Modelling

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A non-viral gene therapy for melanoma by staphylococcal enterotoxin A

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 325-329页

作者： Ling yang Min Ren Jie Wang Liming He Shanshan Wu Shuai yang wei Zhao Hao cheng Xiaoming Zhou Maling Gou State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Ophthalmology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineRare Diseases CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Staphylococcal enterotoxin A(SEA)derived from Staphylococcus aureus,as a superantigen,shows potential for cancer immunotherapy,but systemic immunotoxicity restricts its clinical *** delivery of SEA to tumor site provides a promising option for reducing the systemic ***,we constructed an iRGD peptide(H-[Cys-Arg-Gly-Asp-Lys-Gly-Pro-Asp-Cys]-NH_(2))modified nanoparticle(iDPP)to deliver plasmids encoding SEA for melanoma *** iDPP/SEA nanocomplexes efficiently mediated SEA expression in B16-F10 cells in vivo and in vitro and induced the activation of lymphocytes and maturation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDCs)in *** the subcutaneous B16-F10 melanoma model,the iDPP/SEA nanocomplexes could effectively enhance immune response and T lymphocytes infiltration in tumor site after intravenous administration,thereby considerably decreased melanoma ***,no obvious adverse effect was observed after intravenous administration of the iDPP/SEA nanocomplexes in *** findings demonstrated that gene therapy of SEA is a potential candidate for melanoma treatment.

关键词： Gene therapy Superantigen Melanoma Staphylococcal enterotoxins A Immunotherapyene therapy

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Acoustic radiation force on a cylindrical composite particle with an elastic thin shell and an internal eccentric liquid column in a plane ultrasonic wave field

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 423-431页

作者： Pan, Rui-Qi Du, Zhi-wei Wang, cheng-Hui Hu, Jing Mo, Run-yang Shaanxi Normal Univ Inst Shaanxi Key Lab Ultrason Xian 710119 Peoples R China

A model with three-layer structure is introduced to explore the acoustic radiation force (ARF) on composite particles with an elastic thin shell. Combing acoustic scattering of cylinder and the thin-shell theorem, the ARF expression was derived, and the longitudinal and transverse components of the force and axial torque for an eccentric liquid-filled composite particle was obtained. It was found that many factors, such as medium properties, acoustic parameters, eccentricity, and radius ratio of the inner liquid column, affect the acoustic scattering field of the particle, which in turn changes the forces and torque. The acoustic response varies with the particle structures, so the resonance peaks of the force function and torque shift with the eccentricity and radii ratio of particle. The acoustic response of the particle is enhanced and exhibits higher force values due to the presence of the elastic thin shell and the coupling effect with the eccentricity of the internal liquid column. The decrease of the inner liquid density may suppress the high-order resonance peaks, and internal fluid column has less effects on the change in force on composite particle at ka > 3, while limited differences exist at ka < 3. The axial torque on particles due to geometric asymmetry is closely related to ka and the eccentricity. The distribution of positive and negative force and torque along the axis ka exhibits that composite particle can be manipulated or separated by ultrasound. Our theoretical analysis can provide support for the acoustic manipulation, sorting, and targeting of inhomogeneous particles.

关键词： acoustic radiation force acoustic scattering of cylinders elastic shell composite particles SCATTERING CYLINDER EXPANSION PRESSURE

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