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Portable spirometer-based pulmonary function test willingness in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study from the "Happy Breathing Program"

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第14期137卷 1695-1704页

作者： Qi Weiran Huang Ke chen Qiushi Jiao Lirui Yu Fengyun Yu Yiwen Niu Hongtao Li Wei Fang Fang Lei Jieping Chu Xu Li Zilin Geldsetzer Pascal B?rnighausen Till chen simiao Yang Ting Wang chen Department of Health Economics and Health Policy School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine National Center for Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Institute of Respiratory Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Center of Respiratory Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China The Harold and Inge Marcus Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Department of Health Policy and Management Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH) Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Administration Office of Medical Reform and Development China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China Data and Project Management Unit Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China Department of Statistics School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Stanford University School of Medicine San Francisco CA USA Division of Primary Care and Population Health Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Cambridge MA USA

Background: Understanding willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and the factors associated with poor uptake of PFTs is crucial for improving early detection and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to understand willingness to undergo PFTs among high-risk populations and identify any barriers that may contribute to low uptake of ***: We collected data from participants in the "Happy Breathing Program" in China. Participants who did not follow physicians’ recommendations to undergo PFTs were invited to complete a survey regarding their willingness to undergo PFTs and their reasons for not undergoing PFTs. We estimated the proportion of participants who were willing to undergo PFTs and examined the various reasons for participants to not undergo PFTs. We conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions to analyze the impact of individual-level factors on willingness to undergo ***: A total of 8475 participants who had completed the survey on willingness to undergo PFTs were included in this study. Out of these participants, 7660 (90.4%) were willing to undergo PFTs. Among those who were willing to undergo PFTs but actually did not, the main reasons for not doing so were geographical inaccessibility (n = 3304, 43.1%) and a lack of trust in primary healthcare institutions (n = 2809, 36.7%). Among the 815 participants who were unwilling to undergo PFTs, over half (n = 447, 54.8%) believed that they did not have health problems and would only consider PFTs when they felt unwell. In the multivariable regression, individuals who were ≤54 years old, residing in rural townships, with a secondary educational level, with medical reimbursement, still working, with occupational exposure to dust, and aware of the abbreviation "COPD" were more willing to undergo ***: Willingness to undergo PFTs was high among high-risk populations. Policymakers may consider implementing strategies suc

关键词： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Pulmonary function tests Willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests Population medicine

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变压器故障判别及防范策略研究

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黑龙江科学 2024年第18期15卷 101-103页

作者：徐浩陈思逊国网镇江供电公司江苏镇江212000

变压器是电力网中最重要的枢纽设备之一,其安全稳定的运行和实时数据检测具有重要意义。分析了变压器故障产生的多种原因,针对这些原因提出一系列切实有效的预防和检测措施,以保证电网的安全运行。

关键词：变压器故障判别检测措施

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积极应对共病的挑战

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中华医学杂志 2024年第22期104卷 2015-2021页

作者：邵瑞太宫恩莹韩莎莎陈思邈杨汀杨维中王辰中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院北京呼吸和共病全国重点实验室北京病原体感染防控教育部重点实验室(北京协和医学院) 北京海德堡大学医学院与大学医院全球卫生研究所德国海德堡市中日友好医院呼吸中心呼吸与危重症医学科北京中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京

随着社会经济快速发展和人口老龄化进程的加快, 人类平均寿命显著增长, 个体同时患有多种疾病(即共病), 已成为当今人群健康的新常态, 并构成了对人类健康的严峻挑战。共病不仅会大幅降低患者的生活质量、增加残疾和死亡风险, 同时也加... 详细信息

随着社会经济快速发展和人口老龄化进程的加快, 人类平均寿命显著增长, 个体同时患有多种疾病(即共病), 已成为当今人群健康的新常态, 并构成了对人类健康的严峻挑战。共病不仅会大幅降低患者的生活质量、增加残疾和死亡风险, 同时也加剧了疾病治疗和护理的复杂度, 使得卫生系统承受更大的负担并面临更高的成本压力。本文首先梳理了共病的基本定义及其在公众认识中常见的误区, 继而深入剖析了共病流行对于人群整体健康水平、社会经济发展以及卫生体系建设产生的深远影响。在此基础上, 对共病带来的挑战进行了深入分析, 并据此提出了具有针对性的应对策略与建议。文章的核心目标是在于引起社会各界对共病问题的广泛关注, 并倡导采取更为积极主动的措施, 包括规划布局针对共病的预防与诊疗体系, 推动精准预防和精准治疗的有效实施, 从而有效增进人民健康福祉, 有力助推健康中国的建设。

关键词：共病现象共病疾病负担共病影响因素共病预防共病照护共病研究

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肉鸡玉米干酒糟及其可溶物有效能测定及净能预测模型构建

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动物营养学报 2024年第5期36卷 2948-2957页

作者：徐莹班志彬呙于明陈思淼梁浩赵晓东李柏浩燕磊中国农业大学动物科学技术学院动物营养学国家重点实验室北京100093 吉林省农业科学院动物营养与饲料研究所公主岭136100 新希望六和股份有限公司青岛266000

本试验通过间接测热法结合套算法测定爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡对不同玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)原料的有效能值并建立基于营养成分含量的净能预测模型。选取24日龄体重为(1150±30)g的AA肉鸡60只,随机分为5个组(1个玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮组和4... 详细信息

本试验通过间接测热法结合套算法测定爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡对不同玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)原料的有效能值并建立基于营养成分含量的净能预测模型。选取24日龄体重为(1150±30)g的AA肉鸡60只,随机分为5个组(1个玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮组和4个玉米DDGS替代比例为20%的试验饲粮组),每组6个重复,每个重复2只鸡。试验周期为7 d,其中预试期3 d,27日龄时转入呼吸测热室适应1 d,28~31日龄为3 d正试期。结果表明:1)28~31日龄肉鸡对4种玉米DDGS原料的表观代谢能分别为16.05、18.73、18.73和18.36 MJ/kg DM,净能分别为12.52、15.18、14.74和12.86 MJ/kg DM,净能/表观代谢能分别为78.88%、80.86%、79.43%和69.08%。2)肉鸡玉米DDGS原料净能预测方程为:净能=12.455-0.359×粗脂肪+0.425×粗纤维(R2=0.999,P<0.01)。用交叉验证法验证常规营养成分含量的预测方程,预测值与实测值几乎接近且变异系数小,表明本研究建立的肉鸡玉米DDGS净能预测模型较为成功。

关键词：肉鸡玉米DDGS 净能预测方程

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Redefining human health:physical wellbeing,mental wellbeing,social wellbeing,and environmental wellbeing

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第20期136卷 2395-2396页

作者： chen Wang simiao chen Ruitai Shao Weizhong Yang School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing 100029China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory MedicineChina–Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Beijing 100730China Heidelberg Institute of Global Health(HIGH) Faculty of Medicine and University HospitalHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany

In 1948,the World Health Organization(WHO)identified three dimensions of human health—physical wellbeing,mental wellbeing,and social wellbeing.^([1])Physical wellbeing is distinguished by the absence of disease as well as the active pursuit of fitness,while mental wellbeing is distinguished by a lack of depressive symptoms and the presence of calm and happy mental *** notion of social wellbeing arose following World War II and emerged from a belief that good health not only entailed wellness of the body and mind but also required a society in which sexism,chauvinism,and extremism ceased to *** concept recognized individual responsibility for living in peace and contributing to the welfare of *** definition of health as a composite of these three facets—physical wellbeing,mental wellbeing,and social wellbeing—has been adopted since then.

关键词： sexism being peace

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L型等离子体熔融炉预热升温数值模拟及优化研究

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真空科学与技术学报 2024年第5期44卷 417-427页

作者：魏智刚李箫波王伟陈思邈丁泮张帆程昌明叶欣楠海南核电有限公司海口570100 核工业西南物理研究院成都610000 中核同创(成都)科技有限公司成都610207 中国核电工程有限公司北京100840

L型等离子体熔融炉因其具有热解气化效率高、抑制核素挥发等特点,在低中放射性废物处理方面具有独特优势。由于炉内等离子体炬的高温特性,在预热阶段采用等离子体炬升温存在温度不可控的问题,从而可能造成炉内温度分布均匀性差,严重时... 详细信息

L型等离子体熔融炉因其具有热解气化效率高、抑制核素挥发等特点,在低中放射性废物处理方面具有独特优势。由于炉内等离子体炬的高温特性,在预热阶段采用等离子体炬升温存在温度不可控的问题,从而可能造成炉内温度分布均匀性差,严重时甚至会造成炉内局部耐火材料的损伤甚至失效。文章针对L型等离子体熔融炉搭建了有限元数值模拟模型,探究了热风进口分布位置及等离子体炬安装位置对预热效果的影响。结果表明,对称式送风布置形成热风对冲区导致炉内热量传递受阻,而采用单侧热风进口布置可避免上部竖炉和下部炉膛的交界拐角处的低温区,使炉内温度梯度较小。通过试验对比,开启3个单侧送风口,进风总流量为200 m^(3)/h、热风温度为200℃、等离子体炬(76 kW)相对位置布置夹角为40°时,炉内整体温度分布均匀性较优。文章结论可为L型等离子体高温熔融炉的设计及运行提供实际指导,提升设备可靠性及安全性。

关键词：热等离子体危废处理熔融炉有限元模拟

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Strengthening population medicine to promote public health

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第10期135卷 1135-1137页

作者： chen Wang simiao chen Guangliang Shan Zhiwei Leng Till Bärnighausen Weizhong Yang Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing 100029China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory MedicineChina–Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Heidelberg Institute of Global Health(HIGH) Faculty of Medicine and University HospitalHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Department of Epidemiology and Statistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA

As we enter.2022,we are facedwith the fact that coronavirus disease2019(CovID-19)has been devastating the world formore than 2full *** the original outbreak of COVID-19in December2019,the disease has proved to be a major threat to global health and,perhaps more importantly,one that is not likely to be resolved ***_acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.

关键词： acute respiratory likely

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Non-Communicable Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond

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Engineering 2021年第7期7卷 899-902页

作者： Xiong-Fei Pan Juan Yang Ying Wen Naishi Li simiao chen An Pan Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Division of Epidemiology Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203USA The George Institute for Global Health University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2042Australia Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenzhen 518055China National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Endocrinology Department of EndocrinologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Heidelberg Institute of Global Health Heidelberg Medical SchoolHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730China

*** The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has swept the globe as a pandemic[1].As of 1 April 2021,there were about 129.5 million confirmed cases of COVID-19,and 2.8 million deaths attributable to COVID-19[2].While some countries have suppressed COVID-19,most governments worldwide are still mobilizing available resources to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in communities,facilitate COVID-19 treatments in hospitals,expand COVID-19 vaccination,and accelerate drug and vaccine development[3].

关键词： acute respiratory vaccine

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玉米在蛋鸡饲粮中有效能值的测定及其净能预测模型的构建

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动物营养学报 2024年第4期36卷 2344-2355页

作者：潘敏慧李成云张海军班志彬陈思淼梁浩闫晓刚赵晓东赵敬慧延边大学农学院延吉133002 中国农业科学院饲料研究所北京100081 吉林省农业科学院动物营养与饲料研究所公主岭136100 吉林大北农农牧科技有限责任公司长春130000

本试验采用间接测热法结合套算法测定不同来源玉米在产蛋高峰期海兰褐蛋鸡饲粮中的有效能值并建立基于理化指标的玉米净能(NE)预测模型。选取54周龄体重为(1898.32±114.12)g、产蛋率为(90.74±1.31)%的海兰褐蛋鸡共72只,随机分为6个组(... 详细信息

本试验采用间接测热法结合套算法测定不同来源玉米在产蛋高峰期海兰褐蛋鸡饲粮中的有效能值并建立基于理化指标的玉米净能(NE)预测模型。选取54周龄体重为(1898.32±114.12)g、产蛋率为(90.74±1.31)%的海兰褐蛋鸡共72只,随机分为6个组(1个玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮组和5个玉米替代比例为30%的试验饲粮组),每组6个重复,每个重复2只鸡。试验鸡在舍内笼养,预试期10 d,正试期12 d,其中正试期分为3期,每期4 d(适应1 d,呼吸测热3 d)。每期试验中,从每组中选择4只试验鸡,称重后分别放入呼吸测热装置的12个代谢室(每个代谢室2只),每2个代谢室对应l种饲粮,间接测热和消化代谢试验同时进行。结果显示:1)5种玉米的表观代谢能(AME)分别为15.09、14.18、14.67、14.33和14.28 MJ/kg DM,NE分别为10.90、10.33、10.82、10.47和10.44 MJ/kg DM,NE/AME分别为72.17%、72.84%、73.71%、72.99%和73.11%。2)玉米的NE预测方程为NE=-0.001+0.57×AME+0.606×粗脂肪+0.088×粗纤维(R 2=0.987,P<0.01)。交叉验证显示本试验所得蛋鸡玉米的NE预测模型准确性较高,利用该模型可根据AME、粗脂肪和粗纤维含量预测玉米的NE。

关键词：蛋鸡净能间接测热法预测模型

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Factors Predicting Progression to Severe COVID-19: A Competing Risk Survival Analysis of 1753 Patients in Community Isolation in Wuhan, China

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Engineering 2022年第6期8卷 99-106页

作者： simiao chen Hui Sun Mei Heng Xunliang Tong Pascal Geldsetzer Zhuoran Wang Peixin Wu Juntao Yang Yu Hu chen Wang Till Bärnighausen Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730China Heidelberg Institute of Global Health(HIGH) Faculty of Medicine and University HospitalHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany Institute of Hematology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Beijing HospitalBeijing 100730China National Center of Gerontology Institute of Geriatric MedicineBeijing 100730China Division of Primary Care and Population Health Department of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730China State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing 100029China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory MedicineChina–Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China

Most studies of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)progression have focused on the transfer of patients within secondary or tertiary care hospitals from regular wards to intensive care *** is known about the risk factors predicting the progression to severe COVID-19 among patients in community iso-lation,who are either asymptomatic or suffer from only mild to moderate *** a multivari-able competing risk survival analysis,we identify several important predictors of progression to severe COVID-19—rather than to recovery—among patients in the largest community isolation center in Wuhan,China from 6 February 2020(when the center opened)to 9 March 2020(when it closed).All patients in community isolation in Wuhan were either asymptomatic or suffered from mild to moderate COVID-19 *** performed competing risk survival analysis on time-to-event data from a cohort study of all COVID-19 patients(n=1753)in the isolation *** potential predictors we inves-tigated were the routine patient data collected upon admission to the isolation center:age,sex,respira-tory symptoms,gastrointestinal symptoms,general symptoms,and computed tomography(CT)scan *** main outcomes were time to severe COVID-19 or *** factors predicting progression to severe COVID-19 were:male sex(hazard ratio(HR)=1.29,95%confidence interval(CI)1.04–1.58,p=0.018),young and old age,dyspnea(HR=1.58,95%CI 1.24–2.01,p<0.001),and CT signs of ground-glass opacity(HR=1.39,95%CI 1.04–1.86,p=0.024)and infiltrating shadows(HR=1.84,95%CI 1.22–2.78,p=0.004).The risk of progression was found to be lower among patients with nausea or vomiting(HR=0.53,95%CI 0.30–0.96,p=0.036)and headaches(HR=0.54,95%CI 0.29–0.99,p=0.046).Our results suggest that several factors that can be easily measured even in resource-poor set-tings(dyspnea,sex,and age)can be used to identify mild COVID-19 patients who are at increased risk of disease *** for CT signs of ground-glass opacity and i

关键词： COVID-19 Asymptomatic and mild Community isolation Fangcang shelter hospital Competing risk survival analysis

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