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A promising approach to steady-state fusion: High-temperature superconducting strong-field stellarator with precise omnigenity

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 23-25页

作者： Guosheng Xu Zhiyuan Lu dehong chen Baonian Wan Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

The stellarator has inherent advantages over the tokamak in achieving steady-state operation,especially due to its absence of disruptions and lack of need for current drive and the associated recirculating *** recent years,there have been remarkable advances in the field of stellarator optimization,where precisely quasi-symmetric and precisely quasi-isodynamic magnetic configurations have been achieved with coils,allowing the neoclassical transport and energetic particle losses of stellarators to be reduced to levels comparable to those of *** the same time,the development of high-temperature superconducting magnet technology will potentially double the magnetic field strength of *** these strong fields are expected to introduce new challenges,and while turbulent transport remains a common challenge for both stellarators and tokamaks,the combination of these physical and technological advances results in the expectation that stellarators will become a competitive approach to tokamaks for realizing steady-state fusion.

关键词： field approach precise

Tungsten separation behavior on preparation of high-purity cerium by combined vacuum gravity sedimentation-directional solidification

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1182-1186,I0007页

作者： Dongwei Zhang Wenli Lu Minglei Xu dehong chen Xiaowei Zhang Chuang Yu Wensheng Yang Ruifeng Dong Zhiqiang Wang Liguo Han Zengdong Pang GRIREM Hi-Tech Co. Ltd.Langfang065201China National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth China GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing100088China GRIREM Advanced Materials Co. Ltd.Beijing100088China

In light of the difficult removal of harmful impurity tungsten(W)in Ce metal,in this paper a combined vacuum gravity sedimentation-directional solidification method was innovatively designed and the W separation behavior was *** reducing the electron beam power instantly and gradually at reduction rates of 1,3 and 5 kW/min,it is found that W is enriched at the bottom of ingots as the melt *** enrichment effect is much better than that of single purification method and the enrichment degree increases as the beam reduction rate decreases,attributed to the k0(W)>1 andρ(W)>ρ(Ce).Overall,the minimum content of W impurity can decrease from 630 to 0.1 ppm at the top of the ingot,and the purity of Ce increases from 99.932 wt%to 99.995 wt%by this combined ***,this paper provides a new method for the removal of high density and low evaporation coefficient impurities in low vapor pressure rare earth metals.

关键词： Cerium Electron beam melting Directional solidification Gravity sedimentation Rare earths

等离子区域熔炼提纯金属Y过程中的杂质迁移规律

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稀有金属材料与工程 2024年第6期53卷 1543-1548页

作者：徐明磊卢文礼张小伟陈德宏李金颖余创杨文晟王志强有研稀土高技术有限公司河北廊坊065201 有研稀土新材料股份有限公司北京100088 稀土国家工程研究中心北京100088 北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院北京100083

利用等离子体区域熔炼提纯金属钇,获得了区熔提纯过程中Al、Si、Fe、Ni、Cu和Mo等杂质的迁移规律。计算结果表明,金属钇中Al、Si、Fe、Ni、Cu和Mo等常见杂质的平衡分配系数分别是0.2173、0.2201、0.5065、0.1586、0.1742和0.8576。由于... 详细信息

利用等离子体区域熔炼提纯金属钇,获得了区熔提纯过程中Al、Si、Fe、Ni、Cu和Mo等杂质的迁移规律。计算结果表明,金属钇中Al、Si、Fe、Ni、Cu和Mo等常见杂质的平衡分配系数分别是0.2173、0.2201、0.5065、0.1586、0.1742和0.8576。由于上述杂质平衡分配系数小于1,杂质在液相中的溶解度大于固相溶解度,所以从理论上可判断出Al、Si、Fe、Ni、Cu和Mo等杂质将随着熔区移动富集在金属钇锭的尾端,也就是最后凝固区。实验结果证明了该理论预判的准确性。此外,探究了区熔次数与杂质迁移的内在联系,结果表明:随着区熔次数由5次增加至10次,杂质在金属钇锭尾端富集程度增加,即去除率升高。10次区熔后,Al、Si、Fe、Ni、Cu和Mo等杂质的去除率分别为45.71%、61.54%、33.98%、64.15%、52.14%和46.28%。由于上述杂质饱和蒸气压与金属钇接近,所以很难通过常规方法予以去除。等离子体区域熔炼提纯金属钇的研究为制备高纯钇提供了一种新方向。

关键词：迁移规律等离子体区域熔炼分配系数钇去除效率

Electrochemical co-reduction of Y(Ⅲ)and Al(Ⅲ)in a fluoride molten salt system and electrolytic preparation of Y-Al intermediate alloys

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第12期40卷 1945-1952,I0005页

作者： Guoqing Yu Lin Zhou Fengqin Liu Siming Pang dehong chen Hongliang Zhao Zhengping Zuo National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Materials General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In this study,a molten salt co-reduction method was proposed for preparing Y-Al intermediate alloys and the electrochemical co-reduction behaviors of Y(Ⅲ)and Al(Ⅲ)and the reaction mechanism of intermetallic compound formation were investigated by transient electrochemical *** results show that the reduction of Y(Ⅲ)at the Mo electrode is a reversible electrochemical process with a single-step transfer of three electrons,which is controlled by the mass transfer *** diffusion coefficient of Y(Ⅲ)in the fluoride salt at a temperature of 1323 K is 5.0238×10^(-3)cm^(2)/***,the thermodynamic properties associated with the formation of Y-Al intermetallic compounds were estimated using a steady-state electrochemical method.Y-Al intermediate alloy containing 92 wt%yttrium was prepared by constant current electrolysis at 1323 K in the LiF-YF_(3)-AIF_(3)-Y_(2)O_(3)(6 wt%)-Al_(2)O_(3)(1 wt%)system at a cathodic current density of 8 A/cm^(2)for 2 *** Y-Al intermediate alloy is mainly composed ofα-Y2Al and Y *** development and application of this innovative technology have solved major technical problems,such as a long production process,high energy consumption,and serious segregation of alloy elements at this stage.

关键词： Intermediate alloy Electrochemical techniques Co-reduction behavior Fluoride salt Rare earths

Mechanism of removing ferrum impurity in lanthanum refined byelectron beam melting

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Journal of Rare Earths 2021年第7期39卷 875-880,I0005页

作者： Siming Pang Wenli Lu Zhenfei Yang Xiaowei Zhang dehong chen Daogao Wu Lin Zhou Ruiying Miao National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Materials GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100088China GRIREM Advanced Materials Co..Ltd. Beijing 100088China

Removal feasibility of Fe impurity form La metal by electron beam melting(EBM) was analyzed,the removal mechanism was discussed,and the verification experiments were carried out in this *** research results indicate that,the evaporation coefficient of Fe in La metal is 35-175 at 1800-3000 K,and Fe impurity can be removed by EBM;the removal efficiency of Fe impurity is improved with the increasing EBM power,the Fe concentration is significantly decreased from 1482 to 0.1 μg/g under 50 kW and 2400 s;the reaction of Fe removal by EBM follows the first-order rate law,and Fe impurity is removed by evaporation as a single atom;transport from the La melt to the liquid boundary layer of the Fe atom is rate-controlling step in the EBM when the EBM power is 30-50 kW.

关键词： Lanthanum metal Purification Fe impurity Dynamics Electron beam melting Rare earths

Versatile inorganic-organic hybrid WOx-ethylenediamine nanowires： Synthesis, mechanism and application in heavy metal ion adsorption and catalysis

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Nano Research 2014年第6期7卷 903-916页

作者： Wei Li Fang Xia Jin Qu Ping Li dehong chen Zhe chen Yu Yu Yu Lu Rachel A. Caruso Weiguo song Beijing National LaboratoryforMolecularSciences (BNLMS) Institute ofChemistry ChineseAcademyofSciences Beijing 100190 China CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Private Bag 33 Clayton South Victoria 3169 Australia PFPC School of Chemistry The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia

Inorganic-organic hybrid WOx-ethylenediamine （WO/-EDA） nanowires have been produced by a simple, low-cost and high-yield solvothermal method. These WO/-EDA hybrid nanowires have unique lamellar mesostructures with an alternate stacking of an interconnected [WO6] octahedral layer and a monolayer of ethylenediamine molecules. This hybrid structure integrated the functionality of ethylenediamine with the stability of the WOx frameworks. In situ synchrotron- radiation X-ray diffraction is used to elucidate a possible formation mechanism of the hybrid WOx-EDA. The nanowire morphology, lamellar structure and abundant functional amino groups endow them with versatile abilities. For example, in heavy metal ion adsorption the WOx-EDA nanowires display exceptional adsorption capabilities of 925 mg·g^-1 for Pb^2＋ and 610 mg·g^-1 for UO2^2＋. The nanowires also show outstanding stability and activity as a heterogeneous base catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction at room temperature. The catalyst can be recycled and reused for 20 cycles with nearly 100% yields. This study provides a new strategy to design inorganic-organic hybrid materials, and offers a multifunctional material that is a highly efficient adsorbent and sustainable catalyst.

关键词： WOx-ethylenediamine nanowires synchrotron-radiation X-ray diffraction heavy metal water treatment catalysis

呼吸训练改善脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的研究进展

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反射疗法与康复医学 2024年第8期5卷 192-195页

作者：李永平韩婷婷陈德鸿张宏韬蒋尚融甘肃省人民医院康复医学科

吞咽功能障碍是脑卒中患者最严重、最常见的并发症，常表现为吞咽困难、咳嗽反射减弱、呛咳、误吸及卒中相关肺炎等，严重影响患者身心健康和生存质量，甚至危及生命。研究表明，在常规康复训练基础上辅以呼吸训练，能显著改善患者的吞... 详细信息

吞咽功能障碍是脑卒中患者最严重、最常见的并发症，常表现为吞咽困难、咳嗽反射减弱、呛咳、误吸及卒中相关肺炎等，严重影响患者身心健康和生存质量，甚至危及生命。研究表明，在常规康复训练基础上辅以呼吸训练，能显著改善患者的吞咽功能和肺功能，减少卒中相关肺炎的发生，并减轻呼吸困难，值得临床推广。本文梳理近年来呼吸训练改善卒中后吞咽功能障碍研究进展，以期为临床治疗卒中后吞咽功能障碍提供客观依据及新的治疗思路。

关键词：脑卒中呼吸训练吞咽功能障碍

Development of a compact high-density blue core helicon plasma device under 2000 G magnetic field of ring permanent magnets

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第9期24卷 77-84页

作者： Zhikang LU Guosheng XU Chi-Shung YIP dehong chen Xingquan WU Wei ZHANG Guanghai HU chenyao JIN Di JIANG Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China

A helicon wave plasma source in a tube of ring permanent magnets(PMs)has been constructed to study the effect of the conflguration of the magnetic fleld with zero magnetic points on plasma *** device also serves as an exploration platform for a simple,compact helicon wave plasma source adaptable to engineering applications.A small-diameter(26 mm)highdensity(~10^(18)m^(-3))blue core plasma is produced in~1 Pa argon by helicon RF(radiofrequency)discharge using a NagoyaⅢantenna under magnetic fleld(~2 k G)of compact ring PMs(length~204 mm).Operational parameters,*** power and neutral gas pressure are scanned and plasma density is measured by an RF compensated probe to explore the operating characteristics of the *** feature of a helicon discharge,such as blue core plasmas and E-H-W mode transitions are well observed in the device,despite the wavelength calculated using the conventional dispersion relation of a bounded whistler waves(chen 1991 Plasma *** 33339)is order of magnitudes longer than the length of the plasma in this device which seems to suggest that such helicon device is ***,the wavelength calculated by the unbounded whistle wave dispersion formula in turn suggests the occurrence of a half wavelength resonance.

关键词： mode transitions compact helicon high-density plasma helicon plasma blue core

Functional characterization of Bmcap in uric acid metabolism in the silkworm

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 147-156页

作者： Linmeng Tang dehong Yang Zhiwei Liu Yaohui Wang Xu Yang Yujia Liu Dongbin chen Zheng Tang Yongping Huang Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Central Research Institute Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co.Ltd.ShanghaiChina Departments of Neonatology International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare InstitutionSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

After a millennium of domestication,numerous silkworm mutants have emerged that exhibit transparent epidermis,which is caused by abnormally low levels of uric *** identified the Bombyx mori gene Bmcap(BMSK0003832)as the homolog of cappuccino,a subunit of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1(BLOC-1)that has been extensively characterized in human,mouse,and insect species,by analyzing the amino acid sequences of putative purine metabolism *** the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system,we disrupted Bmcap,resulting in decreased uric acid levels in the silkworm epidermis and a translucent skin *** the Bmcap mutant,the purine metabolism,nitrogen metabolism,pyrimidine metabolism,and membrane system were altered compared to the wild *** of lysosome-related organelle complex genes play a role in the pigmentation and biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles(LROs)in platelets,melanocytes,and *** exhibit unique morphologies and functions in various tissues and *** of the Bmcap mutant will enhance our understanding of the uric acid metabolic pathway in silkworms,and this mutant offers a valuable silkworm model for LRO studies.

关键词： BLOC-1 subunit Bombyx mori cappuccino translucent mutation uric acid