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Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation:anti-inflammatory effects in the brain

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1671-1677页

作者： Yolanda Diz-chaves Zainab Maastor Carlos Spuch José Antonio Lamas Lucas C.González-Matías Federico Mallo Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of EndocrinologyUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain Translational Neuroscience Research Group Galicia Sur Health Research InstituteCIBERSAMHospitalÁlvaro CunqueiroSala InvestigaciónEstrada Clara CampoamorVigoSpain Biomedical Research Centre(CINBIO) Laboratory of NeuroscienceUniversity of VigoGalicia Sur Health Research InstituteVigoSpain

The glucagon-like peptide 1 is a pleiotropic hormone that has potent insulinotropic effects and is key in treating metabolic diseases such as diabetes and ***-like peptide 1 exerts its effects by activating a membrane receptor identified in many tissues,including diffe rent brain ***-like peptide 1 activates several signaling pathways related to neuroprotection,like the support of cell growth/survival,enhancement promotion of synapse formation,autophagy,and inhibition of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines,microglial activation,and apoptosis during neural *** glial cells,including astrocytes and microglia,maintain metabolic homeostasis and defe nse against pathogens in the central nervous *** brain insult,microglia are the first cells to respond,followed by reactive *** activated cells produce proinflammato ry mediators like cytokines or chemokines to react to the ***,under these circumstances,mic roglia can become chro nically inflammatory by losing their homeostatic molecular signature and,consequently,their functions during many *** processes promote the development of neurological disorders and influence their pathological evolution:like the formation of protein aggregates,the accumulation of abnormally modified cellular constituents,the formation and release by injured neurons or synapses of molecules that can dampen neural function,and,of critical impo rtance,the dysregulation of inflammato ry control *** glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonist emerges as a critical tool in treating brain-related inflammatory pathologies,restoring brain cell homeostasis under inflammatory conditions,modulating mic roglia activity,and decreasing the inflammato ry *** review summarizes recent advances linked to the anti-inflammato ry prope rties of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activation in the brain related to multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkins

关键词： astrocytes brain glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor inflammation microglia

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游泳训练阻止高血压大鼠乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶活力的变化

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中华高血压杂志 2014年第6期22卷 598-598页

作者： Cardoso AM Abdalla Fh Bagatini MD Martins CC Fiorin Fda S Baldissarelli J Costa P Mello FF Fiorenza AM Serres JD Gonalves JF chaves h Royes LF Belló-Klein A Morsch VM Schetinger MR 罗冬梅叶鹏

胆碱酶活性在高血压患者中呈现异常,反映了低度炎症。经常进行体育运动产生的抗炎作用可作为高血压治疗的辅助措施。该研究调查左旋硝基精氨酸甲酯（Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester,l-NAME）诱导的高血压大鼠进行6周游泳训练对胆碱... 详细信息

胆碱酶活性在高血压患者中呈现异常,反映了低度炎症。经常进行体育运动产生的抗炎作用可作为高血压治疗的辅助措施。该研究调查左旋硝基精氨酸甲酯（Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester,l-NAME）诱导的高血压大鼠进行6周游泳训练对胆碱酶活性（乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶）的影响。方法：大鼠随机分为4组：对照组（n=10）,运动组（n=10）,l-NAME组（n=10）和运动＋l-NAME组（n=10）。对大鼠进行游泳训练,60min/次,每周5次,并根据大鼠体质量逐级增加负荷至上限为体质量的5%。用分光光度计测定淋巴细胞、全血和血清的酶活性。

关键词：高血压大鼠乙酰胆碱酯酶游泳训练胆碱酯酶活力左旋硝基精氨酸甲酯胆碱酶活性丁酰胆碱酯酶 l-NAME

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Microengineering double layer hydrogel structures towards the recapitulation of the hematopoietic stem cell niche

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Science Bulletin 2018年第20期63卷 1319-1323页

作者： Pilar Carreras Rodrigo Cortrim chaves Miguel Gallardo Alejandra Ortiz Joaquin Martinez Lopez Samuel K.Sia Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032USA hematology Department Research Institute i+12Hospital 12 OctubreMadrid 2804Spain hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit h120 CNIOMadrid 28029Spain

Adult stem cells,especially from bone marrow,have a tremendous therapeutic potential,and its application in regenerative medicine has been increasingly studied [1,2].It is well known that three-dimensional (3D)cell culture matrix promotes many biological relevant functions not observed in two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture [3]and therefore,engineering 3D cell culture platforms to mimic the native in vivo biological systems represents a realistic approach for studies of bone marrow stem cells. high-throughput microfluidics constitutes a promising technology to generate hydrogel three dimensional constructs [4,5],however, its application to host adult stem cells remains still a challenge.

关键词： hydrogel hematopoietic stem cell

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Cellulose synthase ‘class specific regions’ are intrinsically disordered and functionally undifferentiated

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第6期60卷 481-497页

作者： Tess R.Scavuzzo-Duggan Arielle M.chaves Abhishek Singh Latsavongsakda Sethaphong Erin Slabaugh Yaroslava G.Yingling Candace h.haigler Alison W.Roberts Department of Biological Sciences University of Rhode Island120 Flagg RoadKingstonRI 02881USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Cellulose synthases （CESAs） are glycosyltransferases that catalyze formation of cellulose microfibrils in plant cell walls. Seed plant CESA isoforms cluster in six phylogenetic clades, whose non-interchangeable members play distinct roles within cellulose synthesis complexes （CSCs）. A ＇class specific region＇（CSR）, with higher sequence similarity within versus between functional CESA classes, has been suggested to contribute to specific activities or interactions of different isoforms. We investigated CESA isoform specificity in the moss, Physcomitrella patens （hedw.） B. S. G. to gain evolutionary insights into CESA structure/function relationships. Like seed plants, P. patens has oligomeric rosette-type CSCs, but the PpCESAs diverged independently and form a separate CESA clade. We showed that P. patens has two functionally distinct CESAs classes, based on the ability to complement the gametophore-negative phenotype of a ppcesa5 knockout line. Thus, non-interchangeable CESA classes evolved separately in mosses and seed plants. however, testing of chimeric moss CESA genes for complementation demonstrated that functional classspecificity is not determined by the CSR. Sequence analysis and computational modeling showed that the CSR is intrinsically disordered and contains predicted molecular recognition features, consistent with a possible role in CESA oligomerization and explaining the evolution of class-specific sequences without selection for class-specific function.

关键词： Uwe Sonnewald Friedrich-Alexander University Germany

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Improvement in varistor properties of CaCu_(3)Ti_(1)O_(12) ceramics by chromium addition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第6期41卷 12-20页

作者： Edson Cezar Grzebielucka Joao Frederico haas Leandro Monteiro Eder Carlos Ferreira de Souza Christiane Philippini Ferreira Borges AndréVitor chaves de Andrade Eloísa Cordoncillo héctor Beltrán-Mir Sandra Regina Masetto Antunes Programa Pós-Graduacao em Química Aplicada Universidade Estadual de Ponta GrossaAv.Gen.Carlos Cavalcanti 474884.030-000Ponta GrossaParanáBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Ciências/Física Universidade Estadual de Ponta GrossaAv.Gen.Carlos Cavalcanti 474884.030-000Ponta GrossaParanáBrazil Dpto.de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica Universitat Jaume IAv.de Vicent Sos Baynats/n12071Castellón de la PlanaSpain

The effect of chromium addition on the structure and electrical properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 is *** based on the formula CaCu3Ti4-xCrxO12-σ(x = 0, 0.025, 0.050 and 0.075 mol%) are prepared by solid-state reaction. Pellets sintered at 1070℃ for 12 h are characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy. Current densityelectric field, dielectric loss and permittivity measurements are also carried out. Rietveld refinement showed the substitution of Cr(Ⅲ) on the Ti(Ⅳ) site, with the maximum substitution for x = 0.025 mol%.The generation of electrical defects in the grain boundary region by chromium doping is responsible for increasing the electric breakdown field strength and nonlinearity coefficient at room temperature from 1723 V/cm and 5.29 for x = 0 mol% to 3431 V/cm and 8.16 for x = 0.025 mol%. This composition shows the greatest improvement in ceramic varistor parameters.

关键词： CCTO Structural analysis Impedance Varistor Rietveld

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Spatial cluster mapping and environmental modeling in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第23期29卷 3688-3702页

作者： Mielle Michaux Justin M Chan Luke Bergmann Luis F chaves Brian Klinkenberg Kevan Jacobson Department of Pediatrics Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionFaculty of MedicineBritish Columbia Children’s HospitalUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6H 3V4British ColumbiaCanada British Columbia Children’s hospital Research Institute British Columbia Children’s HospitalVancouver V5Z 4H4British ColumbiaCanada Department of Geography University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z2British ColumbiaCanada Department of Environmental and Occupational health School of Public HealthIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405United States Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3British ColumbiaCanada

BACKGROUND Geographical(geospatial)clusters have been observed in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)incidence and linked to environmental determinants of disease,but pediatric spatial patterns in North America are *** hypothesized that we would identify geospatial clusters in the pediatric IBD(PIBD)population of British Columbia(BC),Canada and associate incidence with ethnicity and environmental *** To identify PIBD clusters and model how spatial patterns are associated with population ethnicity and environmental *** One thousand one hundred eighty-three patients were included from a BC Children’s hospital clinical registry who met the criteria of diagnosis with IBD≤age 16.9 from 2001–2016 with a valid postal code on file.A spatial cluster detection routine was used to identify areas with similar *** ecological analysis employed Poisson rate models of IBD,Crohn’s disease(CD),and ulcerative colitis(UC)cases as functions of areal population ethnicity,rurality,average family size and income,average population exposure to green space,air pollution,and vitamin-D weighted ultraviolet light from the Canadian Environmental health Research Consortium,and pesticide *** hot spots(high incidence)were identified in Metro Vancouver(IBD,CD,UC),southern Okanagan regions(IBD,CD),and Vancouver Island(CD).Cold spots(low incidence)were identified in Southeastern BC(IBD,CD,UC),Northern BC(IBD,CD),and on BC’s coast(UC).No high incidence hot spots were detected in the densest urban *** results were represented as incidence rate ratios(IRR)with 95%*** risk factors for PIBD included fine particulate matter(PM2.5)pollution(IRR=1.294,CI=1.113-1.507,Phards and grapes(IRR=1.135,CI=1.007-1.270,P=0.033).South Asian population(IRR=1.020,CI=1.011-1.028,P<0.001)was a risk factor and Indigenous population(IRR=0.956,CI=0.941-0.971,P<0.001),family size(IRR=0.467,CI=0.268-0.81

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn disease Ulcerative colitis Pesticides Air pollution South Asian people

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Abrogation of immune complex glomerulonephritis by native carboxypeptidase and pharmacological antagonism of the C5a receptor

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第5期13卷 651-657页

作者： Jessy J. Alexander Lee D. chaves Anthony Chang Shruti Dighe Alexander Jacob Richard J. Quigg Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Health Sciences Buffalo NY USA Department of Pathology The University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Correspondence: Dr Jessy J. Alexander Division of Nephrology State University of New York at Buffalo Clinical and Translational Research Center 875 Ellicott Street 8-022 Buffalo NY 14203 USA

Activation of complement generates C5a which leads to signaling through C5aR 1. This is tightly controlled, including by the plasma proteins factor h （Fh） and carboxypeptidase N. here we studied a chronic serum sickness （CSS） model of glomerulonephritis （GN） in which there is an active humoral immune response, formation of glomerular immune complexes （ICs）, and resulting glomerular inflammation. The antibody response, glomerular IC deposition, the degree of GN, and consequent renal functional insufficiency in CSS were all worse in Fh-/- mice compared to wild-type Fh＋/＋ animals. This was ameliorated in the former by giving a C5aR1 antagonist for the final 3 weeks of the 5-week protocol. In contrast, blocking CP-mediated inactivation of C5a increased these disease measures. Thus, complement regulation by both plasma Fh and CP to limit the quantity of active C5a is important in conditions where the humoral immune response is directed to a continuously present foreign antigen. Signaling through C5aR1 enhances the humoral immune response as well as the inflammatory response to ICs that have formed in glomeruli. Both effects are relevant even after disease has begun. Thus, pharmacological targeting of C5a in IC-mediated GN has potential clinical relevance.

关键词： C5a carboxypeptidase N factor h glomerulonephritis

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Positive effect of spring advance on the diet quality of an alpine herbivore

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 78-92页

作者： Johan ESPUNYES Emmanuel SERRANO Sara chaves Jordi BARTOLOMÉ Pierre MENAUT Elena ALBANELL Pascal MARChAND Kévin FOULChÉ Mathieu GAREL Wildlife Ecology and health group(WE&h)i Servei d’Ecopatologia de la Fauna Salvatge(SEFaS) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group(WildCoM) Department of Animal Medicine and SurgeryFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Research and Conservation Department Zoo de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Group of Ruminant Research(G2R) Department of Animal and Food ScienceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain French Agency for Biodiversity Direction Régionale OccitanieService d’Appui aux Acteurs et Mobilisation du TerritoireVilleneuve de RivièreFrance French Agency for Biodiversity Direction de la Recherche et Appui ScientifiqueUnitéOngulés SauvagesGièresFrance

Changes in vegetation phenology related to global warming are having alarming effects on the life history traits of many herbivore *** changes are particularly critical in alpine ecosystems,where strong climate limitations on plant growth make seasonal synchronization imperative for the growth,reproduction and survival of ***,despite the pivotal role of resource-use strategies on the performances of such species,few studies have explicitly assessed the mechanistic impact of climate change on their *** aimed to fill this gap by studying the effect of spring onset on the dietary composition and quality of a medium-size alpine herbivore while considering density-dependent processes and age-and sex-specific differences in foraging *** an exceptional,long-term(24 years)direct individual-based dietary monitoring of a Pyrenean chamois population(Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica),we showed that ongoing earlier onsets of spring are leading to an earlier access to high-quality forage and therefore a higher diet quality at a fixed date,without apparent changes in diet *** also showed that at high densities,intraspecific competition reduced diet quality by driving animals to feed more on woody plants and less on nutritious forbs and *** assessing the mechanistic effects of global warming on the dietary patterns of species at the center of trophic networks,this study is an essential step for predictive models aiming at understanding the ongoing ecosystem consequences of the global climatic crisis.

关键词： cuticle microhistological analysis diet composition near-infrared spectroscopy Rupicapra pyrenaica

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Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.)with native coolseason grasses on in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 563-576页

作者： Kai Peng Gemma L.Gresham Tim A.McAllister Zhongjun Xu Alan Iwaasa Mike Schellenberg Alex V.chaves Yuxi Wang Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(South China)of Ministry of Agriculture Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceGuangdong Academy of Agricultural ScienceGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAB T1J 4B1Canada School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Swift Current Research and Development CentreSwift CurrentSK S9H 3X2Canada

Background:Incorporation of legume species into native North American pastures is considered an effective method to increase native pasture productivity and improve the nutritive value of *** study evaluated the effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover(PPC,Dalea purpurea Vent.),a native legume forage,with native coolseason grasses on the in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed ***:Whole plant PPC and mixtures of cool-season grasses were harvested when the PPC reached the vegetative(VEG),full flower(FL)and seedpod(SP)stages,and were combined in ratios(DM basis)of 0:100,25:75,50:50,75:25 and 100:0 at each *** vitro ruminal incubations using these mixtures were conducted for 48 h to determine gas production(GP),in vitro DM disappearance(IVDMD),total volatile fatty acids(VFA)and ammonia-N *** of forages harvested when the PPC reached the FL stage and 50:50 mixture of forages harvested at VEG,FL and SP stages were incubated in the rumen of three heifers for 0,2,6,12,24,48,72 and 96 h to determine in situ degradabilities of DM,neutral detergent fibre(aNDF)and crude protein(CP).Results:Contents of aNDF and ADF increased(Phile CP decreased(PVEG>SP(Phe mixture,GP decreased(Ph increasing PPC *** PPC proportions linearly increased(Phem at *** of PPC maturity,ammonia-N production linearly increased(Ph increasing proportions of PPC and the concentration was higher(Phan at FL and SP *** proportion of PPC at either maturity linearly increased(Phed-chain VFA,but linearly decreased(Phe A:P *** FL PP

关键词： Condensed tannins Cool-season grass In vitro fermentation In situ digestibility Purple prairie clover

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社区老年人跌倒的预防

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第2期21卷 91-101页

作者： Edgar R Vieira Richard C Palmer Paulo h M chaves 邓晓春莫云凌 Department of Physical Therapy Nicole Wertheim College of Nursingand Health Sciencesand Department of NeuroscienceHerbert WertheimCollege of MedicineFlorida International University MiamiFL USA Department of health Promotion and Disease Prevention Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work Florida International University MiamiFL USA Benjamin LeonCenter for Geriatric Research and Education Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International University MiamiFL USA 航空医学研究所附属医院

现阶段，老年人口（≥65岁）的数量正迅速增加，而老年人更容易跌倒。跌倒不但对老年人自身及家庭成员的生活质量产生不利影响，也给医疗保健体系造成巨大的财政负担。系统性综述、meta分析的广泛研究为减少老年人跌倒确立了有效途径，... 详细信息

现阶段，老年人口（≥65岁）的数量正迅速增加，而老年人更容易跌倒。跌倒不但对老年人自身及家庭成员的生活质量产生不利影响，也给医疗保健体系造成巨大的财政负担。系统性综述、meta分析的广泛研究为减少老年人跌倒确立了有效途径，尽管依然存在争议和不确定性。有证据表明，以运动为主、量身定制的干预措施是减少社区老年人跌倒、降低相关医疗费用最有效的方法。本综述概括了目前预防社区老年人跌倒的有关评估知识和管理战略，总结了老年人跌倒的已知危险因素，提出了跌倒风险的评估策略。本文还讨论了减少社区老年人跌倒的风险管理和干预措施、未来的发展方向以及前景看好的方法途径。

关键词：老年人跌倒预防措施社会服务

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