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Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael J.lee Ryota l.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

Stability and orientation of cecropin P1 on maleimide self-assembled monolayer(SAM) surfaces and suggested functional mutations

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Chinese Chemical letters 2015年第4期26卷 485-490页

作者： Shuai wei charles l.Brooks Ⅲ Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Department of Biophysics University of Michigan

One of the main challenges of biosensor design is to understand the protein or peptide stability on the chip in high resolution structural detail. Since conventional experimental methods are limited by the resolution for their applications on surface tethered peptides/proteins, a recently developed coarse grained simulation method is employed to explore the peptide/surface interaction in residue-level resolution. This work shows how the coarse grained model successfully describes peptide-surface interactions by evaluating thermal stability of the peptide cecropin PI in bulk solution and on surfaces by physical adsorption and chemical tethering. The simulation also reproduces observations of peptide orientations on the self-assembled monolayer surface from earlier experimental work. Additionally, using knowledge obtained from the simulations, specific mutations are suggested and the desired structure and pose on the surface is obtained. In summary, this work sheds a light on the reasonable biosensor design that is ~uided by simulations.

关键词： Coarse grained simulationKB Go-like modelPeptide-surface interactionThermal stabilityOrientationMutation

Establishing minimum clinically important difference values for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function, hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction, and knee injury and osteoarthritis out

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world Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第3期9卷 41-49页

作者： Man Hung Jerry Bounsanga Maren w Voss charles l Saltzman Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Operations University of Utah Division of Public Health University of Utah Population Health Research Foundation University of Utah

AIM To establish minimum clinically important difference(MCID) for measurements in an orthopaedic patient population with joint *** Adult patients aged 18 years and older seeking care for joint conditions at an orthopaedic clinic took the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function(PROMIS~? PF) computerized adaptive test(CAT), hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction(HOOS JR), and the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction(KOOS JR) from February 2014 to April 2017. MCIDs were calculated using anchorbased and distribution-based methods. Patient reports of meaningful change in function since their first clinic encounter were used as an *** There were 2226 patients who participated with a mean age of 61.16(SD = 12.84) years, 41.6% male, and 89.7% Caucasian. Mean change ranged from 7.29 to 8.41 for the PROMIS~? PF CAT, from 14.81 to 19.68 for the HOOS JR, and from 14.51 to 18.85 for the KOOS JR. ROC cut-offs ranged from 1.97-8.18 for the PF CAT, 6.33-43.36 for the HOOS JR, and 2.21-8.16 for the KOOS JR. Distribution-based methods estimated MCID values ranging from 2.45 to 21.55 for the PROMIS~? PF CAT; from 3.90 to 43.61 for the HOOS JR, and from 3.98 to 40.67 for the KOOS JR. The median MCID value in the range was similar to the mean change score for each measure and was 7.9 for the PF CAT, 18.0 for the HOOS JR, and 15.1 for the KOOS *** This is the first comprehensive study providing a wide range of MCIDs for the PROMIS? PF, HOOS JR, and KOOS JR in orthopaedic patients with joint ailments.

关键词： Hhip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction Minimum clinically important difference Joint Physical function Minimum detectable change Arthroplasty Orthopaedics Clinical outcomes

Defining hydroclimatic regions using daily rainfall characteristics in the southern Appalachian Mountains

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第7期13卷 785-802页

作者： Johnathan w.Sugg charles E.KonradII Department of Geography and Planning Appalachian State UniversityBooneNCUSA Department of Geography University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA

This paper addresses warm season hydroclimatic variability in the southern Appalachian region of the southeastern U.S.,where precipitation can vary as much as 127 mm or more,with maximum seasonal totals exceeding 736 mm in extreme *** the occurrence of droughts,floods,and their socioecological impacts,hydroclimate variability is still poorly *** study characterizes the regional scale variations in the hydroclimate by examining the daily distribution of precipitation patterns in different topographic ***-elevation relationships on independent slopes model(PRISM)gridded precipitation estimates are used to identify the location and frequency of different types of rainfall *** types of clustering algorithms are used as a regionalization approach to define areas where the precipitation regime exhibits similarities in its frequency of *** results are compared with internal validation statistics and a visualization is used to assess how well the resulting hydroclimatic regions align with different topographic *** study reveals the intricate spatial footprint of dry and wet regimes and demonstrates how clustering applications can be used with gridded climate data to determine where extremes are most likely to develop across mountain catchments.

关键词： Hydroclimatology precipitation cluster analysis data mining visualization

The skeleton gets a （reproductive） life

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第5期13卷 651-652页

作者： charles M Allan David l Handelsman ANZAC Research Institute Concord Hospital Universityof Sydney Sydney NSW 2139 Australia

To most well-informed scientists who do not work on bone, the idea that bones determine anything other than your posture and location for the miseries of arthritis would come as quite a surprise. It would be like imagining that the walls of our home played something more than a passive role in the complexities of the lives conducted within. Yet something precisely as radical as that is what Karsenty and his colleagues boldly imagined,1 and then provocatively established in a series of studies over the past decade.20steocalcin （OCN） is a vitamin K- dependent peptide hormone secreted by the bone-formine osteoblasts.

关键词： reproductive David J Handelsman

Thermodynamic Foundation for High Temperature Electrochemistry

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 494-500页

作者： ZHANG w. E. A. charles J. Congleton Corrosion Research Group School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon TyneCorrosion Research Group School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon TyneCorrosion Research Group School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK NE1 7RU UKNE1 7RU UK

Thermodynamic concepts required for the thermodynamic calculation of the potentials of electrodes for high temperature applications are briefly reviewed. A thermodynamic approach to the calculation of half cell potentials and the standard chemical potential of an electron at high temperatures which are related to the Standard Hydrogen Electrode(SHE) is discussed. As examples, an external Ag/AgCl reference electrode and a YSZ(Ag|O_2) pH sensor for high temperature applications are analyzed by using the thermodynamic approach to derive a high temperature pH measurement equation. The two electrodes are employed to measure high temperature pH and the measured pH was compared with the calculated pH by using a solution chemistry method. Concepts and principles for electrode kinetics are also briefly introduced and a modification to the Tafel equations is suggested.

关键词： High temperature potential Half cell potential External Ag/AgCl reference electrode Standard chemical potential of an electron High temperature pH sensor.

In vivo study of corneal responses to increased intraocular pressure loading

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Eye and Vision 2015年第1期2卷 177-186页

作者： Ahmed Elsheikh charles w.McMonnies charles whitford Gavin C.Boneham School of Engineering University of LiverpoolBrownlow HillLiverpool L693GHUK National Institute for Health Research(NIHR)Biomedical Research Centre Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK School of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia

Background:The cornea is responsible for two-thirds of the eye's refractive power which is a function of the shape and refractive *** aim of this present study is to examine human eyes in vivo for corneal shape changes in response to short-term elevation in intraocular ***:Videokeratographic and tonometric assessments at baseline were compared with the same assessments when intraocular pressure was elevated to approximately double(199±22%)the baseline levels using ophthalmodynamometer applanation of the *** maps of the cornea and limbus were created by combining topographical assessments for central,nasal,temporal,inferior and superior *** finiteelement simulations were custom built for each subject and the stiffness distribution across corneal surface modified to achieve matches between simulated and experimental ***:The stiffness distributions required to achieve simulation-experimental matches showed a consistent trend with the 2.5 mm annulus bounded by the limbus showing a mean stiffness reduction of 47.3±10.8%compared with the central cornea(P=0.001).Conclusions:Corneal structure appears to provide the central cornea with a greater stiffness compared with the peripheral cornea and associated greater tolerance to elevation in intraocular pressure,consistent with the need for stable corneal refraction and *** method adopted to examine corneal biomechanical performance in vivo may have applications in additional studies.

关键词： Corneal biomechanics Topography Numerical simulation

less common neoplasms of the pancreas

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3180-3185页

作者： Abby l Mulkeen Peter S Yoo charles Cha Department of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT and the VACT Healthcare SystemWest HavenCT330 Cedar StreetLH 118PO Box 208062New HavenCT06520-8062United States

Recently, there has been an increased recognition of neoplasms of the pancreas other than ductal adenocarcinorna. Although not as well studied or characterized as pancreatic adenocarcinorna there are many distinct lesions which exhibit diverse biological behaviors and varying degrees of malignancy. These lesions include： endocrine neoplasms, cystic tumors, solid pseudopapillary tumors, acinar cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, primary lymphoma of the pancreas, and metastatic lesions to the pancreas. These less common neoplasms are being diagnosed more frequently as the number and sensitivity of diagnostic imaging studies increase. This review article discusses the clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment of these less common, but quite relevant, neoplasms of the pancreas.

关键词： Pancreas Neoplasms Ductal adenocarcinoma

New Chinese Military History, 1839-1951： what＇s the Story？

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Frontiers of History in China 2018年第1期13卷 90-126页

作者： charles w. Hayford Independent Scholar

Since 1990, New Chinese Military History in the west has remedied scholarly neglect of Chinese warfare and changed the usual stories of modern China. These studies disproved Orientalist assumptions of a unique ＂Chinese way of war＂ or a strategic culture that avoided aggressive confrontation. Scholars also challenge the assumption that Confucian immobility led to a clash of civilizations and decisive defeat in the Opium wars, First Sino-Japanese war, and Boxer war of 1900. In fact, Qing officials were quick and successful in creating a new military regime. New military histories of the warlords, the Sino-Japanese wars, and the Chinese Civil war show that developing new types of warfare was central in creating the new nation. All these wars split the country into factions that were supported by outside powers： they were internationalized civil wars. The article also asks how the choice of terms, labels, and categories shapes interpretations and political messages.

关键词： historiography New Military History New Chinese MilitaryHistory war warfare Opium wars Taiping Rebellion Boxer Uprising Sino-Japanese war war of Resistance world war Two in Asia