New Chinese Military History, 1839-1951： What＇s the Story？

作     者：Charles W. Hayford 

作者机构：Independent Scholar 

出 版 物：《Frontiers of History in China》 (中国历史学前沿（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第13卷第1期

页      面：90-126页

学科分类：0303[法学-社会学] 110501[军事学-作战指挥学] 11[军事学] 0501[文学-中国语言文学] 1105[军事学-军队指挥学] 05[文学] 0603[历史学-世界史] 

主　　题：historiography New Military History New Chinese MilitaryHistory war warfare Opium Wars Taiping Rebellion Boxer Uprising Sino-Japanese War War of Resistance World War Two in Asia 

摘      要：Since 1990, New Chinese Military History in the West has remedied scholarly neglect of Chinese warfare and changed the usual stories of modern China. These studies disproved Orientalist assumptions of a unique ＂Chinese way of war＂ or a strategic culture that avoided aggressive confrontation. Scholars also challenge the assumption that Confucian immobility led to a clash of civilizations and decisive defeat in the Opium Wars, First Sino-Japanese War, and Boxer War of 1900. In fact, Qing officials were quick and successful in creating a new military regime. New military histories of the warlords, the Sino-Japanese Wars, and the Chinese Civil War show that developing new types of warfare was central in creating the new nation. All these wars split the country into factions that were supported by outside powers： they were internationalized civil wars. The article also asks how the choice of terms, labels, and categories shapes interpretations and political messages.