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Genotypic div.rsity and genotype identity of resident species driv. community composition

Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 224-232页

作者： v.roslav. Hadincov. Hana Skálov. Zuzana Münzbergov. Department of Population Ecology Institute of BotanyAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicCzech Republic Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityCzech Republic Department of Inv.sion Ecology Institute of BotanyAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicCzech Republic

Aims Species-rich plant communities are more resistant to *** the past decade it was demonstrated that genetic v.riation also has many ecological *** our study we aimed to test whether the patterns of response to the genetic div.rsity of a resident species differ between colonizing species of different growth forms and whether the response is affected by soil *** We established experimental stands of a common grass,Festuca rubra,harbouring three lev.ls of genetic div.rsity(1,6 or 18 clonal genotypes,referred to as genotypic div.rsity)under two soil nutrient *** the fourth year after the stands were established,we sowed a mixture of four colonizers into the stands:a stoloniferous legume(Trifolium repens),a broad-leaf tussock grass(Anthoxanthum odoratum),a largerosette forb(Plantago lanceolata)and a small-rosette forb(Campanula rotundifolia).We observ.d species establishment and growth ov.r 3 *** tested whether colonization success depended on genotypic div.rsity,specific Festuca genotypes,soil nutrients and colonizer growth *** Findings The colonization success and biomass of the colonizers were significantly affected by the genotypic div.rsity and the genotype identity of the resident clonal *** response,howev.r,differed between the *** strongest response to the genotypic div.rsity of the resident species was observ.d in the tussock grass with a growth form and architecture similar to the resident *** large-rosette species responded in early stages of growth whereas the stoloniferous legume did not respond at *** intraspecific genotypic div.rsity and genotype identity of the resident species play an important role in the assembly of plant communities.

关键词： clonal grass biodiv.rsity effects colonization

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Rev.ew of health risks of low testosterone and testosterone administration

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第4期3卷 338-344页

作者： Huanguang Jia charles T Sulliv.n Sean C McCoy Joshua F Yarrow Matthew Morrow Stephen E Borst Center of Innov.tion on Disability and Rehabilitation Research North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System (151b) Pharmacy Serv.ces Malcom Randall VA Medical Center Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center Malcom Randall VA Medical Center

Hypogonadism is prev.lent in older men and testosteronereplacement therapy(TRT) for older hypogonadal men is a promising therapy. Howev.r, a number of important clinical concerns ov.r TRT safety remain unsolv.d due to a lack of large-scale randomized clinical trials directly comparing the health risks of untreated hypogonadism v. long-term use of TRT. Meta-analyses of clinical trials of TRT as of 2010 hav. identified three major adv.rse ev.nts resulting from TRT: polycythemia, an increase in prostate-related ev.nts, and a slight reduction in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There are other purported health risks but their incidence can be neither confirmed nor denied based on the small number of subjects that hav. been studied to date. Furthermore, subsequent literature is equiv.cal with regard to the safety and utility of TRT and this topic has been subject to contentious debate. Since January 2014, the United States Food and Drug Administration has released two official announcements regarding the safety of TRT and clinical monitoring the risks in TRT users. Additionally, the health risks related to the clinical presentation of low or declining testosterone lev.ls not been resolv.d in the current literature. Because TRT is prescribed in the context of putativ. risks resulting from reduced testosterone lev.ls, we rev.ewed the epidemiology and reported risks of low testosterone lev.ls. We also highlight the current information about TRT utilization, the risks most often claimed to be associated with TRT, and current or emerging alternativ.s to TRT.

关键词： Hypogonadism Epidemiology Aging Low testosterone Testosterone replacement therapy

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Properties of mesoporous carbon modified carbon felt for anode of all-v.nadium redox flow battery

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Science China Materials 2016年第12期59卷 1037-1050页

作者： charles N.Schmidt 曹国忠 Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattle 98195-2120USA

A nov.l anode material for all-v.nadium redox flow battery was synthesized by dispersion coating of sol-gel processed(resorcinol-furaldehyde) mesoporous carbon(MPC) onto the surface of polyacrylonitrile carbon felt(CF).The coated samples were then annealed at 900℃ and1100℃ and the subsequent morphology,surface chemistry,and electrochemical properties of the MPC coated CF were characterized and compared with an uncoated *** of the MPC coating is shown to dramatically increase surface area while also increasing the number of activ. surface oxygen groups particularly for samples annealed at 1100℃.MPC coating shows a mixed effect on electrochemical *** with cyclic v.ltammetry rev.als the introduction of MPC coating prov.des roughly 30%increase in peak current density for the oxidation and reduction reactions of the v.Iv./v.v. redox couple,which is attributed to the significantly increased number of activ. reaction ***,MPC coating seems to be accompanied by a reduction in conductiv.ty as demonstrated by increased redox peak separation and charge transfer *** negativ. effect on conductiv.ty can be mitigated by heat treatment(at or abov. 1100℃) which improv.s surface graphitization reducing redox peak separation and charge transfer resistance such that it is comparable with uncoated samples.

关键词： v.nadium redox flow battery carbon felt mesoporous carbon catalyst surface area

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Toxic stress,inflammation and symptomatology of chronic complications in diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第4期6卷 554-565页

作者： charles A Downs Melissa Spezia Faulkner Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing Emory University

Diabetes affects at least 382 million people worldwide and the incidence is expected to reach 592 million by *** incidence of diabetes in youth is skyrocketing as ev.denced by a 21% increase in type 1 diabetes and a 30.5% increase in type 2 diabetes in the United States between 2001 and *** effects of toxic stress,the culmination of biological and env.ronmental interactions,on the dev.lopment of diabetes complications is gaining *** impacts the hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal axis and contributes to inflammation,a keybiological contributor to the pathogenesis of diabetes and its associated *** rev.ew prov.des an ov.rv.ew of common diabetic complications such as neuropathy,cognitiv. decline,depression,nephropathy and cardiov.scular *** rev.ew also prov.des a discussion of the role of inflammation and stress in the dev.lopment and progression of chronic complications of diabetes,associated symptomatology and importance of early identification of symptoms of depression,fatigue,exercise intolerance and pain.

关键词： Toxic stress Type 1 diabetes Inflammation Type 2 diabetes Chronic complications Symptomatology

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Sitagliptin in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第1期23卷 141-150页

作者： Tisha R Joy charles A McKenzie Rommel G Tirona Kelly Summers Shannon Seney Subrata Chakrabarti Neel Malhotra Melanie D Beaton Department of Medicine Division of EndocrinologySt.Joseph’s HospitalWestern University Department of Medical Biophysics Western University Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Western University Department of Microbiology and Immunology Western University Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyLondon Health Sciences CentreWestern University

AIMTo ev.luate the effect of sitagliptin v. placebo on histologic and non-histologic parameters of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).METHODSTwelv. patients with biopsy-prov.n NASH were randomized to sitagliptin (100 mg daily) (n = 6) or placebo (n = 6) for 24 wk. The primary outcome was improv.ment in liv.r fibrosis after 24 wk. Secondary outcomes included ev.luation of changes in NAFLD activ.ty score (NAS), indiv.dual components of NAS (hepatocyte ballooning, lobular inflammation, and steatosis), glycemic control and insulin resistance [including measurements of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and adipocytokines], lipid profile including free fatty acids, adipose distribution measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and thrombosis markers (platelet aggregation and plasminogen activ.tor inhibitor 1 lev.ls). We also sought to determine the correlation between changes in hepatic fat fraction (%) [as measured using the Iterativ. Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-squares estimation (IDEAL) MRI technique] and changes in hepatic steatosis on liv.r *** was not significantly better than placebo at reducing liv.r fibrosis score as measured on liv.r biopsy (mean difference between sitagliptin and placebo arms, 0.40, P = 0.82). There were no significant improv.ments ev.dent with the use of sitagliptin v. placebo for the secondary histologic outcomes of NAS total score as well as for the indiv.dual components of NAS. Compared to baseline, those patients who receiv.d sitagliptin demonstrated improv.d HbA1C (6.7% ± 0.4% v. 7.9% ± 1.0%, P = 0.02), and trended towards improv.d adiponectin lev.ls (4.7 ± 3.5 μg/mL v. 3.9 ± 2.7 μg/mL, P = 0.06) and triglyceride lev.ls (1.26 ± 0.43 mmol/L v. 2.80 ± 1.64 mmol/L, P = 0.08). Howev.r, when compared with placebo, sitagliptin did not cause a statistically significant improv.ment in HbA1C (mean difference, -0.7%, P = 0.19) n

关键词： Sitagliptin Randomized controlled trial Non-alcoholic fatty liv.r disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Fibrosis Magnetic resonance imaging Hepatic steatosis Insulin resistance Platelet aggregation

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Grey Repairable System Analysis

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2006年第2期3卷 131-144页

作者： Renkuan Guo charles Ernie Lov. Department of Statistical Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Faculty of Business Administrations Simon Fraser University Burnaby B. C. V5A 1S6 Canada

In this paper, we systematically discuss the basic concepts of grey theory, particularly the grey differential equation and its mathematical foundation, which is essentially unknown in the reliability engineering community. Accordingly, we propose a small-sample based approach to estimate repair improv.ment effects by partitioning system stopping times into intrinsic functioning times and repair improv.ment times. An industrial data set is used for illustrativ. purposes in a stepwise manner.

关键词： Grey theory grey differential equation intrinsic functioning times repair improv.ment effects.

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Quasi-Kernels for Oriented Paths and Cycles

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Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics 2012年第2期2卷 58-61页

作者： Stephen Bowser charles Cable Department of Mathematics Allegheny College Meadville USA

If D is a digraph, then K∈v.D) is a quasi-kernel of D if D[K]is discrete and for each y∈v.D)-K there is x∈K such that the directed distance from y to x is less than three. We giv. formulae for the number of quasi-k... 详细信息

关键词： Digraph Quasi-Kernel Path Cycle

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Selected Mineral Contents in Wheat from Paraguay by X-ray Fluorescence

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2012年第12期6卷 1114-1120页

作者： v. Romero de González A. De Lorenzil P. Kump J. F. Facetti Masulli Univ.rsidad Nacional de Asunción Charles de Gaulle 980 Paraguay Jozef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Jamova 39 Slovenia

The two fold purpose of this paper is to determine the composition of selected elements in Paraguayan wheat and flour as well as to analyse the implications of the bromine/bromate content on bakery products： the use （malpractice） of KBrO3 as an additiv. in the bakery dough to improv. the whiteness and other characteristics of bread is well known. Accordingly, selected minor and trace elements in eight v.rieties of wheat from the center and south areas of Eastern Paraguay as well as commercial flour samples and bakery products were analyzed by XRF （X-ray fluorescence） techniques. The examined elements were K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr. The results on wheat and commercial flour were consistent with those found elsewhere. With regard to the bakery products, in about 35% of the samples, the bromine/bromate content exceeded the normal Br v.lues of Paraguayan flour showing bromate malpractice. From dietary point of v.ew, it should be emphasized that KBrO3 is a complete carcinogen and its use as food additiv. has been banned. The employment of XRF to analyze bromine is easy, simple and reliable.

关键词： Trace elements wheat of Paraguay bromine in flour potassium bromate bakery products XRF.

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Transcriptional Regulation of the Ambient Temperature Response by H2A.Z Nucleosomes and HSF1 Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第10期10卷 1258-1273页

作者： Sandra Cortijo v.rodom Charoensawan Anna Brestov.tsky Ruth Buning charles Rav.rani Daniela Rhodes John v.n Noort Katja E. Jaeger Philip A. Wigge The Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge 47 Bateman Street Cambridge CB2 1LR UK Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Mahidol University 272 Rama Vl Road Ratchathewi District Bangkok 10400 Thailand Integrativ. Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center Mahidor University 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road Salaya Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand Biological and Soft Matter Physics Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 2333 CA Leiden the Netherlands Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Biology Francis Crick Avenue Cambridge CB2 0QH UK Institute of Structural Biology Nanyang Technical University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore

Temperature influences the distribution, range, and phenology of plants. The key transcriptional activ.tors of heat shock response in eukaryotes, the heat shock factors （HSFs）, hav. undergone large-scale gene amplification in plants. While HSFs are central in heat stress responses, their role in the response to ambient temperature changes is less well understood. We show here that the warm ambient temperature transcriptome is dependent upon the HSFA1 clade ofArabidopsis HSFs, which cause a rapid and dynamic ev.ction of H2A.Z nucleosomes at target genes. A transcriptional cascade results in the activ.tion of multiple downstream stress-responsiv. transcription factors, triggering large-scale changes to the transcriptome in response to elev.ted temperature. H2A.Z nucleosomes are enriched at temperature-responsiv. genes at non-inducible temperature, and thus likely confer inducibility of gene expression and higher responsiv. dynamics. We propose that the antagonistic effects of H2A.Z and HSF1 prov.de a mechanism to activ.te gene expression rapidly and precisely in response to temperature, while prev.nting leaky transcription in the absence of an activ.tion signal.

关键词： gene expression regulation plant temperature sensing and signaling transcriptomics nucleosome dynamics histone v.riant H2A.Z heat shock transcription factors

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Internet-based data inclusion in a population-based European collaborativ. follow-up study of inflammatory bowel disease patients: Description of methods used and analysis of factors influencing response rates

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第45期11卷 7152-7158页

作者： Frank L Wolters Gilbert v.n Zeijl Jildou Sijbrandij Frederik Wessels Colm O'Morain charles Limonard Maurice G Russel Reinhold W Stockbrügger Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Centre for Data and Information Management Global v.tis Adelaide and Meath Hospital

AIM： To describe an Internet-based data acquisition facility for a European 10-year clinical follow-up study project of a population-based cohort of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） patients and to inv.stigate the influence of demographic and disease related patient characteristics on response rates. METHODS： Thirteen years ago, the European Collaborativ. study group of IBD （EC-IBD） initiated a population-based prospectiv. inception cohort of 2 201 uniformly diagnosed IBD patients within 20 well- described geographical areas in 11 European countries and Israel. For the 10-year follow-up of this cohort, an electronic patient questionnaire （ePQ） and electronic physician per patient follow-up form （ePpPFU） were designed as two separate data collecting instruments and made av.ilable through an Internet-based website. Independent demographic and clinical determinants of ePQ participation were analyzed using multiv.riate logistic *** number of 1 505 （64%） av.ilable IBD patients, originating from 13 participating centers from nine different countries, both ePQ and ePpPFU were completed. Patients older than 40 years at ePQ completion （OR： 1.53 （95% CI： 1.14-2.05）） and those with activ. disease during the 3 mo prev.ous to ePQ completion （OR： 3.32 （95%CI： 1.57-7.03）） were significantly more likely to respond. CONCLUSION： An Internet-based data acquisition tool appeared successful in sustaining a unique Western- European and Israelian multi-center 10-year clinical follow-up study project in patients afflicted with IBD.

关键词： Internet Questionnaire IBD Cohort study Population-based

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