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Prostate Cancer in the Thies Region, Senegal: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects

Open Journal of Urology 2024年第2期14卷 71-82页

作者： Saint charles Nabab Kouka Linda Bentefouet Mohamed Jalloh Ngor Mack Thiam Modou faye Modou Diop Mohamed Cisse Amy Diame Yoro Diallo Cheickna Sylla Department of Urology Faculty of Health Sciences University Iba Der Thiam of Thies Thies Senegal Department of Anatomy Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University Iba Der Thiam of Thies Thies Senegal Department of Urology University Cheikh Anta Diop De Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the leading urological cancer. It is the most common cancer in men over 50. Objective: To determine the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of prostate cancer in hospitals in the Thiès region. Patients and Methods: We conducted a descriptive study from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2020. We included all cases of primary prostate cancer confirmed on histology. Results: We collected data on 318 cases of primary prostate cancer during the study period. Mean patient age was 72.7 years (Range: 49;94 years). family history of prostate cancer was found in 22 patients (6.91%). The average consultation time was 18.6 months. The circumstances of discovery were dominated by obstructive voiding disorders (97.16%). Digital Rectal examination was suggestive in 55.40% of patients. PSA level was above 20 ng/ml in 76.7% of patients. Prostatic adenocarcinoma was the only histological type (100%). Localized cancer represented 7.2% and locally advanced cancer occurred in 36.5% of cases, while metastatic cancer accounted for 56.3%. Radical prostatectomy was performed in 3.18% of cases. Mortality rate was estimated at 8.50% after 1 year. Conclusion: Prostate cancer is the leading urological cancer in the Thies region. It is characterized by the predominance of locally advanced and metastatic forms.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Epidemiology Histology Metastasis Mortality Thies

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多孔材料与声腔、钣金耦合的研究及建模方法标定

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汽车工程学报 2024年第1期14卷 144-153页

作者：张荣荣 charles ZHANG 洪卫芳李永超比亚迪汽车工业有限公司广东深圳518000

为突破汽车NVH仿真中NTf仿真精度难题,设计制作了“刚性壁乘员舱”,把“声腔模态”与“容器”的耦合效应降到可以忽略。基于此刚性壁乘员舱,分析了子声腔对整体声腔模态的影响,讨论了多孔材料的建模方法,建立了座椅和地毯等多孔材料模型... 详细信息

为突破汽车NVH仿真中NTf仿真精度难题,设计制作了“刚性壁乘员舱”,把“声腔模态”与“容器”的耦合效应降到可以忽略。基于此刚性壁乘员舱,分析了子声腔对整体声腔模态的影响,讨论了多孔材料的建模方法,建立了座椅和地毯等多孔材料模型,量化分析了前围隔声材料对钣金振动与声腔模态耦合的影响。仿真和试验对标的结果表明,空腔模态、空气传递声传递函数、结构传递振动传递函数和声传递函数均获得较好的仿真精度,为整车低频路噪和发动机噪声控制提供了参考。

关键词：声腔模态多孔吸声材料空气传递噪声结构传递噪声有限元建模试验仿真对标

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Comparative analysis of microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable Mg-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser melting and spark plasma sintering

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.Minárik M.Zemková S.Šašek J.Dittrich M.Knapek f.Lukáˇc D.Koutný J.Jaroš R.Král faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of Machine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable magnesium alloy Mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy techniques–spark plasma sintering(SPS)and selective laser melting(SLM).The powder material was consolidated by both methods utilising optimised parameters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the SLM material and unmeasurably low porosity in the SPS *** main aim of the study was the thorough microstructure characterisation and interrelation between the microstructure and the functional properties,such as mechanical strength,deformability,and corrosion *** materials showed comparable strength of∼110 MPa in tension and compression and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the SLM and SPS materials,*** corrosion resistance of the SPS material in 0.1 M NaCl solution was superior to the SLM one and comparable to the conventional extruded *** digital image correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dominant negative effect on the functional properties of the SLM *** the other hand,one of the primary outcomes of this study is that the SPS consolidation method is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in material with convenient mechanical and degradation properties that might find practical applications.

关键词： Magnesium Yttrium Powder metallurgy Microstructure Mechanical strength Corrosion resistance

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Quantifying Kinematic Tremor in an NGLY1-Deficient Individual: A Case Study

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 25-36页

作者： Brock futrell Christopher Alexander Malaya Dacia Martinez Diaz Christian Alfaro Hannah Elizabeth Gustafson Subhalakshmi Chandrasekaran Rhea Mohan Phatak Bernhard Suter charles Shannon Layne Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston USA Center for Neuromotor and Biomechanics Research University of Houston Houston USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station USA Blue Bird Circle Rett Center Texas Children’s Hospital Houston USA Baylor College of Medicine Houston USA Center for NeuroEngineering and Cognitive Science University of Houston Houston USA

NGLY1 Deficiency is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder that has been identified in less than 100 individuals. Most individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency display hyperkinetic movement disorders, including choreiform, athetoid, dystonic myoclonic, dyskinetic, and dysmetric movements. Developing a consistent and concise consensus on the classification and evaluation of tremors is essential to forward the research and treatment of tremors. It has also been reported that some individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency demonstrate tremor, but such tremor has never been formally investigated. The primary objective of this study is to determine if an individual with NGLY1 Deficiency demonstrates an identifiable tremor during a series of arm movements and, if so, describe the frequency and power characteristics of that tremor. Arm movement kinematics were obtained using a 16-camera Vicon system, and time series trajectory waveforms for three planes of a marker placed on the hand were developed. Custom MATLAB scripts were utilized to compute fast fourier Transformations of the data within the identified waveform segments. A mean frequency of 2.30 Hz (SD = 1.05) with a mean power of 5.02 |P1(f)| (SD = 4.63) suggests that our participant’s kinematic data did display a persistent tremor in both hands across all tasks and movement planes. Analyses of the reaching hand and the non-reaching hand suggest the participant displayed an action tremor in both postural and intention (kinetic) tremors. future directions should include assessing additional individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency to determine if the tremor is a distinguishable disorder behavior. Additionally, evaluating other anatomical sites, such as the elbow, head, and lower limbs, would provide further insights into the characteristics of this tremor.

关键词： Tremor NGLY fast fourier Transformation Reaching Hyperkinetic Movement

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Unveiling hidden outcomes in malignant gastric outlet obstruction research–insights from a"Pancreas 2000"review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第8期16卷 451-461页

作者： filipe Vilas-Boas Giacomo Emanuele Maria Rizzo charles De Ponthaud Stuart Robinson Sebastien Gaujoux Gabriele Capurso Giuseppe Vanella Bahadır Bozkırlı Department of Gastroenterology São João University HospitalPorto 4200Portugal Endoscopy Service Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic ServicesScientific Institute for ResearchHospitalization and Healthcare-The Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Highly Specialized TherapiesPalermo 90127SiciliaItaly Department of Digestive Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Liver TransplantationAP-HP Pitié-SalpêtriereSorbonne UniversitéParis 75013Île-de-FranceFrance Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant SurgeryFreeman HospitalNewcastle NE77DNNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom Division of Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research CenterIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteVita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilano 20132Italy Department of General Surgery HPB-UnitAcıbadem Maslak HospitalIstanbul 34398Türkiye

Malignant gastric outlet obstruction(mGOO)is a major condition affecting patients with periampullary tumors,including pancreatic *** current treatment options include surgical gastroenterostomy,endoscopic stenting and more recently EUS-guided *** studies comparing the outcomes of the three procedures focus on technical success,clinical success and ***“occult”outcomes relevant to the patient’s viewpoints and perspective may ultimately impact on cancer-related and overall survival,such as body mass composition,nutritional biomarkers,chemotherapy tolerance and patient-reported quality of *** aim of this review is to provide an overview of potential key outcomes that should be explored in future comparative research around mGOO treatment options.

关键词： Malignant gastric outlet obstruction Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy Patient-reported outcomes Body composition Nutrition Quality of life

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Improved maceration techniques to study the fruit vascular anatomy of grape

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第3期9卷 481-495页

作者： Zhaosen Xie Teng fei charles f.forney Youmei Li Bo Li College of Horticulture and Plant Protection Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009China Kentville Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaKentvilleNova ScotiaB4N 1J5Canada Shandong Academy of Grape JinanShandong 250199China

The visualization and evaluation of fruit vascular bundles in grape are indispensable for understanding the development and growth of the fruit. The vascular bundles in grape are as thin as human hair, and strongly adhere to flesh cells, making it difficult to isolate individual intact vessel elements. Currently there is little information about methods to characterize grape vascular tissue. In this study, we describe an easy and effective technique to visualize the xylem cell structure of the ‘Red Globe' grape(Vitis L.). The intact vascular bundles of the grape were isolated through enzymatic degradation of flesh cells by hydrolases which were effective in removing flesh cells from vascular bundles. This enabled the illustration of the fine surface structure of vessel elements and their arrangement in the vascular bundles of the grape. This modified method to separate the vascular bundles into individual vessel elements was more effective than former methods of manually shaking to isolate individual vessels. Clear images of xylem vessel arrangement and structural characteristics of individual vessel element were acquired by light microscopy(BX51, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan), transmission electron microscopy(Tecnai 12, Philips, Netherlands) and scanning electron microscopy(GeminiSEM 300, Carl Zeiss, Germany). In addition, the 3D structure of vessel elements was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy(Zeiss: model: LSM-880, Oberkochen, Germany). The imaging techniques for visualizing and analyzing the structure of xylem vessels in grape described in this study are an improvement of past methods. An effective method to isolate grape vascular bundles from flesh cells was also developed, which enables the imaging of the fine surface structure of vessel elements and their arrangement in grape vascular bundles. By adjusting the process of maceration of vascular bundles, an easy and effective method was developed to gently disrupt the plant tissue and isolate individu

关键词： Grape fruit Vascular bundle Vessel element Maceration Anatomy

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further Studies of the Cap Pushing Response in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

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Natural Science 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： Riley J. Wincheski Kiri Li N. Stauch Laura M. Grossner Maya B. Zepeda James W. Grice charles I. Abramson Department of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Laboratory of Comparative Psychology and Behavioral Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences California State University Fresno USA

The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. five previous experiments in our laboratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey bee performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if bees could differentiate between the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference by presenting bees with a choice between the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. Results revealed that bees were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not able to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. These experiments contribute to the debate on whether bees have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the behaviorist interpretation.

关键词： Apis mellifera Cap Pushing Response Cognition Learning

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3-Dimensional Kinematic Comparison of Arm Movements between an Individual with NGLY1 Deficiency and a Neurotypical Individual

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第4期13卷 122-146页

作者： charles S. Layne Christopher A. Malaya Brock futrell Dacia Martinez Diaz Christian Alfaro Hannah E. Gustafson Subhalakshmi Chandrasekaran Rhea M. Phatak Bernhard Suter Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neuromotor and Biomechanics Research University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neuro Engineering and Cognitive Science University of Houston Houston TX USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA Blue Bird Circle Rett Center Texas Children&#8217s Hospital Houston TX USA Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA

NGLY1 Deficiency is an ultra-rare autosomal recessively inherited disorder. Characteristic symptoms include among others, developmental delays, movement disorders, liver function abnormalities, seizures, and problems with tear formation. Movements are hyperkinetic and may include dysmetric, choreo-athetoid, myoclonic and dystonic movement elements. To date, there have been no quantitative reports describing arm movements of individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency. This report provides quantitative information about a series of arm movements performed by an individual with NGLY1 Deficiency and an aged-matched neurotypical participant. Three categories of arm movements were tested: 1) open ended reaches without specific end point targets;2) goal-directed reaches that included grasping an object;3) picking up small objects from a table placed in front of the participants. Arm movement kinematics were obtained with a camera-based motion analysis system and “initiation” and “maintenance” phases were identified for each movement. The combination of the two phases was labeled as a “complete” movement. Three-dimensional analysis techniques were used to quantify the movements and included hand trajectory pathlength, joint motion area, as well as hand trajectory and joint jerk cost. These techniques were required to fully characterize the movements because the NGLY1 individual was unable to perform movements only in the primary plane of progression instead producing motion across all three planes of movement. The individual with NGLY1 Deficiency was unable to pick up objects from a table or effectively complete movements requiring crossing the midline. The successfully completed movements were analyzed using the above techniques and the results of the two participants were compared statistically. Almost all comparisons revealed significant differences between the two participants, with a notable exception of the 3D initiation area as a percentage of the complete movement. The stati

关键词： NGLY1 Deficiency Developmental Disorders Kinematics 3 Dimensional Analyses

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Neurosteroids as stress modulators and neurotherapeutics: lessons from the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1004-1008页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Makoto Ishikawa Toru Nakazawa Hiroshi Kunikata Kota Sato Douglas f.Covey charles f.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry and Taylor family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Department of Ophthalmic Imaging and Information Analytics Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan Department of Ophthalmology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan Department of Retinal Disease Control Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Neurosteroids are rapidly emerging as important new therapies in neuropsychiatry, with one such agent, brexanolone, already approved for treatment of postpartum depression, and others on the horizon. These steroids have unique properties, including neuroprotective effects that could benefit a wide range of brain illnesses including depression, anxiety, epilepsy, and neurodegeneration. Over the past 25 years, our group has developed ex vivo rodent models to examine factors contributing to several forms of neurodegeneration in the retina. In the course of this work, we have developed a model of acute closed angle glaucoma that involves incubation of ex vivo retinas under hyperbaric conditions and results in neuronal and axonal changes that mimic glaucoma. We have used this model to determine neuroprotective mechanisms that could have therapeutic implications. In particular, we have focused on the role of both endogenous and exogenous neurosteroids in modulating the effects of acute high pressure. Endogenous allopregnanolone, a major stress-activated neurosteroid in the brain and retina, helps to prevent severe pressure-induced retinal excitotoxicity but is unable to protect against degenerative changes in ganglion cells and their axons under hyperbaric conditions. However, exogenous allopregnanolone, at a pharmacological concentration, completely preserves retinal structure and does so by combined effects on gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors and stimulation of the cellular process of macroautophagy. Surprisingly, the enantiomer of allopregnanolone, which is inactive at gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, is equally retinoprotective and acts primarily via autophagy. Both enantiomers are also equally effective in preserving retinal structure and function in an in vivo glaucoma model. These studies in the retina have important implications for the ongoing development of allopregnanolone and other neurosteroids as therapeutics for neuropsychiatric illnesses.

关键词： allopregnanolone autophagy enantiomers excitotoxicity gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors glaucoma optic nerve oxysterols

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Cardiac Surgery at Yaoundé General Hospital by a Local Team: Activity Report from September 2022 to January 2024

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第6期14卷 87-94页

作者： Laurence Carole Ngo Yon charles Mve Mvondo Hermann Nestor Tsague Kengni Zephanie Kobe fokalbo Sépolin Lowe Mireille Dakleu Alain Patrick Menanga William Ngatchou Djomo Vincent De Paul Djientcheu Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Yaound General Hospital Yaound Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound Yaound Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: The practice of cardiac surgery (CS) in sub-Saharan Africa faces a number of challenges. We report on the surgical activities of the first 17 months of the program launched at the Yaoundé General Hospital (YGH), describing the types of interventions and the early results. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including patients who underwent CS from September 2022 to January 2024 at the YGH. Clinical, operative and postoperative data were collected and analysed retrospectively by R software. Results: A total of 37 patients underwent CS during the study period, divided into 23 (62.2%) open-heart and 14 (37.8%) closed-heart cases. Males predominated (sex ratio 1.17). The median age and interquartile range (IQR) were 36 years (9 - 51). Isolated valve surgery, in 15 (40.5%) cases, was the most common procedure in open-heart surgery cases. Closed-heart surgery involved closure of the patent ductus arteriosus in 9 (24.3%) cases, coronary artery bypass grafting in 3 (8.1%) cases, and pericardectomy in 2 (5.4%) cases. The median duration of extracorporeal circulation and aortic cross-clamping was 101 min (IQR 84 - 143) and 74 min (IQR 54 - 112) respectively. The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 2 hours (IQR 2 - 3). The median intensive care unit stay and median hospital stay were 2 days (IQR 2 - 3) and 7 days (IQR 5 - 8) respectively. Operative mortality was 2 (5.4%). Conclusion: Cardiac surgery remains a major challenge for African populations. The early results achieved by the local team are satisfactory. An increase in surgical activity should be strongly encouraged to facilitate local training and ensure the sustainability of the activity.

关键词： Cardiac Surgery Sub-Saharan Africa Cameroon

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