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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2014年第6期35卷 749-766页

作者： J.C.MIsRA s.chandra G.C.sHIT P.K.KUNDU Department of Mathematics Institute of Technical Education and ResearchSiksha O Anusandhan University Department of Mathematics Jadavpur University

The electroosmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a microchannel bounded by two parallel porous plates undergoing periodic vibration is studied. The equations for conservation of linear and angular momentums and Gauss＇s law of charge distribution are solved within the framework of the Debye-Hückel approximation. The fluid velocity and microrotation are assumed to depend linearly on the Reynolds number. The study shows that the amplitude of microrotation is highly sensitive to the changes in the magnitude of the suction velocity and the width of the microchannel. An increase in the micropolar parameter gives rise to a decrease in the amplitude of microrotation. Numerical estimates reveal that the microrotation of the suspended microelements in blood also plays an important role in controlling the electro-osmotically actuated flow dynamics in microbio-fluidic devices.

关键词： blood flow electrohydrodynamic effect microfluidics channel flow

Forest structure and anthropogenic pressures in the Pachmarhi biosphere reserve of India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 867-874页

作者： chandra Prakash Kala Ecosystem & Environment Management Indian Institute of Forest Management

A critical first step in establishing biosphere reserves--under the Man and Biosphere Programme of UNEsCO--is to generate baseline information for future courses of action. The present study aims to assess the structure and composition of forests--along with anthro- pogenic pressures mounting on these forests in the buffer zone of one such biosphere reserves--the Pachmarhi bio- sphere reserve of India. The quadrat method was employed for sampling vegetation, and information on anthropogenic pressures was collected by conducting interviews with local people and forest officials and collecting it from secondary sources. A total of 39 tree species were sampled in 82 quadrats; of these 26 tree species were in standing stage, 25 in sapling, and 35 in seedling. Chloroxylon swi- etenia emerged as the most dominant tree species having highest importance value index, followed by Tectona grandis, Terminalia tomentosa, and Hardwickia binata. Nine tree species and their saplings, including sterculia urens and Terminalia arjuna, were exploited so badly that they were only found in the seedlings stage. The unavail- ability of standing trees of 12 important tree species including Aegle marmelos and Phyllanthus emblicaindicates the intensity and gravity of anthropogenic pres- sures on these important tree species. If the present anthropogenic pressure continues, which has inhibited the regeneration of several tree species, then substantial neg- ative ecological and societal consequences can be expected.

关键词： Pachmarhi biosphere reserve Tropicalforest Forest composition Forest structure Regeneration Anthropogenic pressures

structural and mass transport properties of liquid ytterbium in the temperature range 1123 K–1473 K

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第6期32卷 481-488页

作者： D D satikunvar N K bhatt B Y Thakore Department of Physics Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh VidyanagarGujarat 388120India Department of Physics Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar UniversityBhavnagarGujarat 364001India

We have studied the structural and atomic transport properties of liquid f-shell Yb in the temperature range 1123 K–1473 K. Pair interactions between atoms are derived using a local pseudopotential. The potential parameters are fitted to the phonon dispersion curve at room temperature. The local pseudopotential used in the present study is computationally more efficient with only three parameters, and it is found to be transferable to the liquid phase without changing the *** the various computed properties agree with reported theoretical and experimental findings, the adopted fitting scheme is justified. As a significant outcome of the study, we find that(i) the melting in Yb is governed by the Lindemann's law,(ii)the mass transport mechanism obeys the Arrhenius law,(iii) the role of the three-particle correlation function in deriving the velocity autocorrelation function is small,(iv) the mean-square atomic displacement is more sensitive to the choice of interaction potential than the other bulk properties, and(v) liquid Yb does not show liquid–liquid phase transition within the studied temperature range. Further, due to the good description of the structural and mass transport properties, we propose that Yb remains divalent at reduced density.

关键词： transport properties pseudopotential single-particle dynamics ytterbium

subthreshold behavior of AlInsb/Insb high electron mobility transistors

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第7期24卷 360-364页

作者： s.Theodore chandra N.B.Balamurugan G.Lakshmi Priya s.Manikandan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Thiagarajar College of Engineering

We propose a scaling theory for single gate Al In sb/In sb high electron mobility transistors（HEMTs） by solving the two-dimensional（2D） Poisson equation. In our model, the effective conductive path effect（ECPE） is taken into account to overcome the problems arising from the device scaling. The potential in the effective conducting path is developed and a simple scaling equation is derived. This equation is solved to obtain the minimum channel potential Φdeff,minand the new scaling factor α to model the subthreshold behavior of the HEMTs. The developed model minimizes the leakage current and improves the subthreshold swing degradation of the HEMTs. The results of the analytical model are verified by numerical simulation with a sentaurus TCAD device simulator.

关键词： scaling theory subthreshold behavior effective conducting path effect short channel effect

Zinc supplementation as an adjunct to standard therapy in childhood nephrotic syndrome-a systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2016年第4期5卷 383-390页

作者： Girish chandra bhatt shikha Jain Rashmi Ranjan Das Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences

AIM To evaluate the role of zinc as add on treatment to the "recommended treatment" of nephrotic syndrome(Ns)in *** All the published literature through the major databases including IVledline/Pubmed,Embase,and Google scholar were searched till 31 st December *** lists from the articles were reviewed to identify additional pertinent *** papers concerning the role of zinc in childhood Ns were reviewed by the authors,and the data were extracted using a standardized data collection *** trials(RCTs) comparing zinc vs placebo was *** of zinc was studied in both steroid sensitive and steroid dependent/frequent relapsing *** primary outcome measure was the risk of relapse in 12 *** secondary outcome measures were mean relapse rate per patient in 12 mo,mean relapse rate per patient in 6 mo,risk of infection associated relapse in 12 mo,cumulative dose of steroids in two groups,mean length of time to next relapse,adverse effects of therapy,and change in serum zinc *** Of 54 citations retrieved,a total of 6 RCTs were *** was used at a dose of 10-20 mg/d,for the duration that varied from 6-12 *** to placebo,zinc reduced the frequency of relapses,induced sustained remission/no relapse,reduced the proportion of infection episodes associated with relapse with a mild adverse event in the form of metallic *** GRADE evidence generated was of "very low-quality".CONCLUsION Zinc may be a useful additive in the treatment of childhood *** evidence generated mostly was of "very low-quality".We need more good quality RCTs in different country setting as well different subgroups of children before any firm recommendation can be made.

关键词： Nephrotic syndrome Pediatric Relapse Zinc Micronutrient

Effect of compressibility on bubbly cavitating flows

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第1期32卷 1-5页

作者： Harish Ganesh Anubhav bhatt Juliana Wu steven Ceccio Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA

Cavitating bubbly flows can form in separated flows and shear layers leading to local regions high vapor void fraction,and these flows often exhibit periodic shedding of vaporous ***,the presence of a liquid re-entrant flow,driven by the kinematics of liquid flow stagnation,has been identified as an important mechanism leading to cavity ***,high local vapor void fractions can also result in a reduced mixture speed of sound and a possible supersonic *** recent findings on different geometries indicate that propagating bubbly shocks in these flows are a primary mechanism of flow *** this study,we discuss the effect of compressibility on four geometries,mainly in the generation of propagating bubbly shocks that can influence the cavitation shedding *** order to elucidate the differences and similarities of the observed cavitation dynamics,and the influence of compressibility,we report observations from a backward facing step,backward facing wedge,NACA0015 hydrofoil,and a bluff body with a wedge cross section.

关键词： Cavitation bubbly shocks compressible vapor-liquid flows

Predicting the strength properties of slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete using artificial neural network

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Frontiers of structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 490-503页

作者： T.chandra sekhara REDDY Civil Engineering G.P.R.Engineering CollegeKurnool 518002Andhra PradeshIndia

This paper is aimed at adapting Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to predict the strength properties of sIFCON containing different minerals admixture. The investigations were done on 84 sIFCON mixes, and specimens were cast and tested after 28 days curing. The obtained experimental data are trained using ANN which consists of 4 input parameters like Percentage of fiber (PF), Aspect Ratio (AR), Type of admixture (TA) and Percentage of admixture (PA). The corresponding output parameters are compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength. The predicted values obtained using ANN show a good correlation between the experimental data. The performance of the 4-14-3 architecture was better than other architectures. It is concluded that ANN is a highly powerful tool suitable for assessing the strength characteristics of sIFCON.

关键词： artificial neural networks root mean square error sIFCON silica fume metakaolin steel fiber

Model tests and numerical analyses on horizontal impedance functions of inclined single piles embedded in cohesionless soil

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第1期12卷 143-154页

作者： chandra shekhar Goit Masato saitoh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Saitama University

Horizontal impedance functions of inclined single piles are measured experimentally for model soil-pile systems with both the effects of local soil nonlinearity and resonant *** practical pile inclinations of 5掳 and 10掳 in addition to a vertical pile embedded in cohesionless soil and subjected to lateral harmonic pile head loadings for a wide range of frequencies are *** obtained with low-to-high amplitude of lateral loadings on model soil-pile systems encased in a laminar shear box show that the local nonlinearities have a profound impact on the horizontal impedance functions of *** impedance functions of inclined piles are found to be smaller than the vertical pile and the values decrease as the angle of pile inclination *** values of horizontal impedance functions are obtained for the ＇positive＇ and ＇negative＇ cycles of harmonic loadings,leading to asymmetric force-displacement relationships for the inclined *** of these experimental results is carried out through three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analyses,and the results from the numerical models are in good agreement with the experimental *** analyses conducted on the numerical models suggest that the consideration of local nonlinearity at the vicinity of the soil-pile interface influence the response of the soil-pile systems.

关键词： inclined single piles harmonic loads horizontal impedance functions local nonlinearity finite element model

Fabrication of self-cleaning Antireflective Polymer surfaces by Mimicking Underside Leaf Hierarchical surface structures

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第3期16卷 400-409页

作者： srinadh Mattaparthi chandra shekhar sharma Creative & Advanced Research Based on Nanomaterials (CARBON) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineerings Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Telangana 502285 India

In this work, we utilized underside of four different plant leaves with different scale of hierarchical surface roughness to fabricate large area self-cleaning antireflective polymer surfaces. A simple and precise two-step soft-lithography replica molding technique was deployed by using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMs) polymer as a replicating material. In the first step, a negative PDMs replica was fabricated by using the underside of an original leaf as a template material. In the second step, a positive PDMs replica was fabricated through a negative PDMs replica used as a template. In order to study the non-wetting and light trapping properties, as-replicated polymer surfaces were characterized using scanning Electron Microscopy (sEM), contact angle goniometer, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. sEM images confirmed the successful replication of complex hierarchical structures while contact angle measurement studies established retaining high non-wetting properties in polymer replicas. Optical studies suggest near zero reflection in normal mode and less than 5% diffuse reflection when measured using integrated sphere mode. These results have been correlated and explained with the air-liquid fraction and roughness factor as measured using three-dimensional optical profilometer.

关键词： biomimicking natural leaf replica molding non-wetting light trapping hierarchical roughness

Quantum-dot cellular automata based reversible low power parity generator and parity checker design for nanocommunication

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016年第3期17卷 224-236页

作者： Jadav chandra DAs Debashis DE Department of Computer science and Engineering West Bengal University of Technology Department of Physics University of Western Australia

Quantum-dot cellular automata （QCA） is an emerging area of research in reversible computing. It can be used to design nanoscale circuits. In nanocommunication, the detection and correction of errors in a received message is a major factor. Besides, device density and power dissipation are the key issues in the nanocommunication architecture. For the first time, QCA-based designs of the reversible low-power odd parity generator and odd parity checker using the Feynman gate have been achieved in this study. Using the proposed parity generator and parity checker circuit, a nanocommunication architecture is pro- posed. The detection of errors in the received message during transmission is also explored. The proposed QCA Feynman gate outshines the existing ones in terms of area, cell count, and delay. The quantum costs of the proposed conventional reversible circuits and their QCA layouts are calculated and compared, which establishes that the proposed QCA circuits have very low quantum cost compared to conventional designs. The energy dissipation by the layouts is estimated, which ensures the possibility ofQCA nano-device serving as an alternative platform for the implementation of reversible circuits. The stability of the proposed circuits under thermal randomness is analyzed, showing the operational efficiency of the circuits. The simulation results of the proposed design are tested with theoretical values, showing the accuracy of the circuits. The proposed circuits can be used to design more complex low-power nanoscale lossless cation architecture such as nano-transmitters and nano-receivers

关键词： Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) Parity generator Parity checker Feynman gate Nanocommunication Powerdissipation