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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第5期17卷 47-53页

作者： Yumeng Liu Xianhong Meng Lin Zhao S-Y.Simon Wang Lixia Zhang Zhaoguo Li chan.Wang Yingying An Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina Zoige Plateau Wetlands Ecosystem Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Utah Climate Center Utah State UniversityLoganUSA The State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Summer precipitation in the Three Rivers Source Region(TRSR)of China is vital for the headwaters of the Yellow,Yangtze,and Lancang rivers and exhibits significant interdecadal *** study investigates the influence of the East Asian westerly jet(EAWJ)on TRSR rainfall.A strong correlation is found between TRSR summer precipitation and the Jet Zonal Position Index(JZPI)of the EAWJ from 1961 to 2019(R=0.619,peen the NA and central tropical Pacific(CTP)significantly affects TRSR *** influence is mediated through the AEA via a Rossby wave train extending eastward along the EAWJ,and another south of 45°***,the NA–CTP Opposite Phase Index(OPI),which quantifies the difference between the summer mean sea surface temperatures of the NA and the CTP,is identified as a critical factor in modulating the strength of this teleconnection and influencing the zonal position of the EAWJ.

关键词： Summer precipitation East Asian subtropical westerly jet Three River Source Region Atlantic-Eurasian teleconnection

Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by chemical genetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 4028-4044页

作者： Chris Chun-Yiu chan.Qian Guo Jasper Fuk-Woo chan.Kaiming Tang Jian-Piao Cai Kenn Ka-Heng Chik Yixin Huang Mei Dai Bo Qin Chon Phin Ong Allen Wing-Ho Chu Wan-Mui chan.Jonathan Daniel Ip Lei Wen Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang Tong-Yun Wang Yubin Xie Zhenzhi Qin Jianli Cao Zi-Wei Ye Hin Chu Kelvin Kai-Wang To Xing-Yi Ge Tao Ni Dong-Yan Jin Sheng Cui Kwok-Yung Yuen Shuofeng Yuan State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Carol Yu Centre for InfectionDepartment of MicrobiologySchool of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518000China Centre for Virology Vaccinology and TherapeuticsHong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong SAR 999077China Academician Workstation of Hainan Province Hainan Medical University-the University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious DiseasesHaikou 571100China School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China College of Biology Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical VirologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

There are only eight approved small molecule antiviral drugs for treating *** them,four are nucleotide analogues(remdesivir,JT001,molnupiravir,and azvudine),while the other four are protease inhibitors(nirmatrelvir,ensitrelvir,leritrelvir,and simnotrelvir-ritonavir).Antiviral resistance,unfavourable drug‒drug interaction,and toxicity have been reported in previous *** there is a dearth of new treatment options for *** this work,a three-tier cell-based screening was employed to identify novel compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 *** compound,designated 172,demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple human pathogenic coronaviruses and different SARS-CoV-2 variants of *** studies validated by reverse genetics showed that compound 172 inhibits the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease(3CLpro)by binding to an allosteric site and reduces 3CLpro dimerization.A drug synergistic checkerboard assay demonstrated that compound 172 can achieve drug synergy with nirmatrelvir in *** vivo studies confirmed the antiviral activity of compound 172 in both Golden Syrian Hamsters and K18 humanized ACE2 ***,this study identified an alternative druggable site on the SARS-CoV-23CLpro,proposed a potential combination therapy with nirmatrelvir to reduce the risk of antiviral resistance and shed light on the development of allosteric protease inhibitors for treating a range of coronavirus diseases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 High throughput screening Broad-spectrum antiviral treatment 3CLpro inhibitor Allosteric-site inhibitor Animal models Chemical genetics Reverse genetics

Tracking Source Variations of Inhalation Cancer Risks and Ozone Formation Potential in Hong Kong over Two Decades(2000−2020)Using Toxic Air Pollutant Monitoring Data

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Environment & Health 2024年第6期2卷 411-421页

作者： Yee Ka Wong Wai Wai chan.Dasa Gu Jian Zhen Yu Alexis K.H.Lau Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China

Toxic air pollutants(TAPs)are a class of airborne chemicals known or suspected to cause serious health *** study,applying positive matrix factorization and inhalation unit risk estimates of TAPs,quantifies the chan.es in significant sources contributing to inhalation cancer risks(ICRs)from 2000 to 2020 in Hong Kong,*** ICR decreased from 1701 to 451 cases per million between 2000−2004 and 2016−2020,largely attributed to the reduction in diesel particulate matter(DPM),gasoline and solvent use-related volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and coal/biomass combustion-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metal(loid)*** regional contribution of VOCs associated with industrial and halogenated solvent sources increased substantially,representing the largest non-DPM ICR contributor(37%)in 2016−2020,stressing the need for a more comprehensive risk evaluation across the fast-growing and densely populated Greater Bay Area(GBA).ICRs in Hong Kong and the GBA will likely remain over 100 cases per million by *** contributions to ozone formation potential of VOC/carbonyl sources were quantified,which show a notable shift from being solvent/gasoline-dominant in 2000−2004 to being more evenly shared by various sources in 2016−*** a similar TAP monitoring network in the GBA is anticipated to provide the monitoring data needed to facilitate the development of more informed air quality management strategies.

关键词： toxic air pollutant hazardous air pollutant health risk assessment source apportionment ozone formation potential air quality management

Absence of enhancement in a lesion does not preclude primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 374-382页

作者： chan.Seop Kim Chi-Hoon Choi Kyung Sik Yi Yook Kim Jisun Lee chan. Gok Woo Young Hun Jeon Department of Radiology Chungbuk National University HospitalChungbuk National University College of MedicineCheongju-si 28644Chungcheongbuk-doSouth Korea Department of Pathology Chungbuk National University HospitalChungbuk National University College of MedicineCheongju-si 28644Chungcheongbuk-doSouth Korea Department of Radiology Seoul National University HosptialSeoul 03080South Korea

BACKGROUND Primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNSL)is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates in the central nervous system(CNS)and is exclusively limited to the *** most PCNSLs are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas,primary CNS T-cell lymphomas(PCNSTLs)are *** typically demonstrate some degree of enhancement on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).To the best of our knowledge,non-enhancing PCNSTL has not been reported *** SUMMARY A 69-year-old male presented to the neurology department with complaints of mild cognitive impairment and gradual onset of left lower leg weakness over a span of two *** MRI showed asymmetric T2-hyperintense lesions within the *** enhancement was observed on the contrast-enhanced T1 *** initial diagnosis was neuro-Behçet’s *** high-dose steroid therapy,no alterations in the lesions were identified on initial *** patient’s symptoms deteriorated *** MRI performed one month after the initial scan revealed an increased lesion ***,brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of *** patient underwent definitive combined ***,the patient developed bacteremia and died of septic shock approximately three months after *** The absence of enhancement in the lesion did not rule out PCNSTL.A biopsy approach is advisable for pathological confirmation.

关键词： Central nervous system neoplasms Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma T-cell Lymphoma Primary central nervous system lymphoma Primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma Case report

Polysaccharide of Alocasia cucullata Exerts Antitumor Effect by Regulating Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and ERK1/2 Expressions during Long-Time Administration

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 52-61页

作者： ZHOU Qi-chun XIAO Shi-lin LIN Ru-kun LI chan.CHEN Zhi-jie CHEN Yi-fei LUO Chao-hua MO Zhi-xian LIN Ying-bo School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou(510515)China Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer the Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou(510120)China Department of Chinese Medicine Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou(510282)China Department of Pharmacy Jiangmen Central HospitalJiangmen(529000)China

Objective: To study the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the polysaccharide of Alocasia cucullata(PAC) and the underlying mechan.sm. Methods: B16F10 and 4T1 cells were cultured with PAC of 40 μg/m L, and PAC was withdrawn after 40 days of administration. The cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8. The expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 proteins were detected by Western blot and the expressions of ERK1/2 mRNA were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR). A mouse melanoma model was established to study the effect of PAC during long-time administration. Mice were divided into 3 treatment groups: control group treated with normal saline, positive control group(LNT group) treated with lentinan at 100 mg/(kg·d), and PAC group treated with PAC at 120 mg/(kg·d). The pathological chan.es of tumor tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The cell apoptosis of tumor tissues was detected by TUNEL staining. Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expressions of ERK1/2, JNK1 and p38 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. Results: In vitro, no strong inhibitory effects of PAC were found in various tumor cells after 48 or 72 h of administration. Interestingly however, after 40 days of cultivation under PAC, an inhibitory effect on B16F10 cells was found. Correspondingly, the long-time administration of PAC led to downregulation of Bcl-2 protein(P <0.05), up-regulation of Caspase-3 protein(P<0.05) and ERK1 mRNA(P<0.05) in B16F10 cells. The above results were verified by in vivo experiments. In addition, viability of B16F10 cells under long-time administration culture in vitro decreased after drug withdrawal, and similar results were also observed in 4T1 cells. Conclusions: Long-time administration of PAC can significantly inhibit viability and promote apoptosis of tumor cells, and had obvious antitumor effect in tumor-bearing mice.

关键词： polysaccharide of Alocasia cucullata tumor cells Bcl-2 Caspase-3 ERK1/2 Chinese medicine

A converged ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for the degradation of TOC and TOM tail-anchored receptors

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 1007-1023页

作者： Meijing Yang Shuai Chen Shey-Li Lim Lang Yang Jia Yi Zhong Koon Chuen chan.Zhizhu Zhao Kam-Bo Wong Junqi Wang Boon Leong Lim School of Biological Sciences University of Hong KongPokfulam 999077Hong KongChina Department of Biology Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Life Sciences The Chinese Universityof Hong KongShatin 999077HongKongChina State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatin 999077Hong KongChina HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Shenzhen 518052China

In plants,thousands of nucleus-encoded proteins translated in the cytosol are sorted to chloroplasts and mitochondria by binding to specific receptors of the TOC(translocon on the outer chloroplast membrane)and the TOM(translocon on the outer mitochondrial membrane)complexes for import into those *** degradation pathways for these receptors are ***,we discovered a converged ubiquitin-proteasome pathway for the degradation of Arabidopsis thaliana TOC and TOM tail-anchored *** receptors are ubiquitinated by E3 ligase(s)and pulled from the outer membranes by the AAA+adenosine triphosphatase CDC48,after which a previously uncharacterized cytosolic protein,transmembrane domain(TMD)-binding protein for tail-anchored outer membrane proteins(TTOP),binds to the exposed TMDs at the C termini of the receptors and CDC48,and delivers these complexes to the 26S proteasome.

关键词： 26S proteasome CDC48 SP1 TOC TOM ubiquitination

Outcomes of a non-randomised audit of single pigtail suture stents in urolithiasis management of Asian patients in Singapore

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 324-330页

作者： ee Jean Lim Zhen Wei Choo Reshma Mangat Pradeep Durai Sarvajit Biligere Yiquan Tan Loh Hin Yeung Marcus Nicole Andrea Seet Li Ting Chin Tiong Heng Stefania Ferreti Vineet Gauhar Urology Department Singapore General HospitalSingapore Urology Department Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore Urology Department Ng Teng Fong HospitalSingapore Urology Department Azienda Ospedaliera-Uiversitaria(Hospital and University of Parma)ParmaItaly

Objective:Double-J(DJ)ureteric stents are commonly placed perioperatively for semirigid or flexible ureteroscopic renal *** is believed that lesser stent material within the bladder mitigates stent-related *** study aimed to evaluate the J-Fil ureteral stent,a single pigtail suture stent compared with conventional DJ stent in relation to stent symptoms in an Asian population undergoing ureterorenal ***:Based on internal audit committee recommendation approval,the records of 50 patients retrieved,available data of 41 patients who were prospectively enrolled into two groups(Group 1[J-Fil stent group],n=21 and Group 2[DJ stent group],n=20)between August 2020 to January 2021,were *** compared were nature of procedure,stone location and size,ease of deployment or removal,and complications.A modified universal stent symptom questionnaire was used to assess morbidity of stent symptoms within 48 h of insertion and at ***:Both groups had similar median age,distribution in male to female ratio,and stone *** overall median universal stent symptom questionnaire score at insertion was similar for bladder pain,flank or loin pain,and quality of life between Group 1 and 2;however,at removal Group 1 fared significantly better than Group 2,especially for flank or loin pain and pain at *** groups had similar ease in insertion with no hospital ***:Our audit favoured the single pigtail suture stent in Asian ureters in mitigating stent-related *** showed a good safety profile with easy deployment and *** promises a new standard in stenting.

关键词： Stent Ureteroscopy Pigtail suture stent Asianpatient Flexible ureteroscopic renal surgery

Predictive Ability of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist,Hypertriglyceridemic Waist-to-Height Ratio,and Waist-to-Hip Ratio for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Clustering Screening among Chinese Children and Adolescents

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 233-241页

作者： XIAO Tian Li YUAN Shu Qian GAO Jing Yu Julien SBaker YANG Yi De WANG Xi Jie ZHENG chan.Juan DONG Yan Hui ZOU Zhi Yong Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province School of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081HunanChina The Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Chenzhou First People's Hospital Chenzhou 423000HunanChina Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Department of Sport Physical Education and HealthHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Objective Hypertriglyceridemic waist(HW),hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio(HWHtR),and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)have been shown to be indicators of cardiometabolic risk ***,it is not clear which indicator is more suitable for children and *** aimed to investigate the relationship between HW,HWHtR,WHR,and cardiovascular risk factors clustering to determine the best screening tools for cardiometabolic risk in children and *** This was a national cross-sectional *** and biochemical variables were assessed in approximately 70,000 participants aged 6–18 years from seven provinces in ***,physical activity,dietary intake,and family history of chronic diseases were obtained through ***,χ2 and logistic regression analysis was *** A significant sex difference was observed for HWHtR and WHR,but not for HW *** risk of cardiometabolic health risk factor clustering with HW phenotype or the HWHtR phenotype was significantly higher than that with the non-HW or non-HWHtR phenotypes among children and adolescents(HW:OR=12.22,95%CI:9.54-15.67;HWHtR:OR=9.70,95%CI:6.93-13.58).Compared with the HW and HWHtR phenotypes,the association between risk of cardiometabolic health risk factors(CHRF)clustering and high WHR was much weaker and not significant(WHR:OR=1.14,95%CI:0.97-1.34).Conclusion Compared with HWHtR and WHR,the HW phenotype is a more convenient indicator with higher applicability to screen children and adolescents for cardiovascular risk factors.

关键词： Hypertriglyceridemic waist Waist-to-hip ratio Children and adolescents China Hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio Cardiovascular risk factors

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陈白一工笔画的时代转向

美术 2024年第8期 48-51,2页

作者：孙婵湖南美术馆

当代工笔画名家陈白一,长期致力于工笔画的艺术创新与题材开拓,努力融合人民情感、时代事件与工笔技法。20世纪50年代以来,他系统地继承了中国传统的工笔画技法,用传统绘画形式来描绘时代事件,创作了《朝鲜少年崔莹会见罗盛教双亲》《... 详细信息

当代工笔画名家陈白一,长期致力于工笔画的艺术创新与题材开拓,努力融合人民情感、时代事件与工笔技法。20世纪50年代以来,他系统地继承了中国传统的工笔画技法,用传统绘画形式来描绘时代事件,创作了《朝鲜少年崔莹会见罗盛教双亲》《共产主义战士欧阳海》《考古新发现》等优秀作品。80年代开始,陈白一的创作有了新的转向,不仅关注人民情,而且融入生活味,画面刻画了大量湘西少数民族的细节与情韵,生动展现出中华民族生命气质的独特面相。

关键词：陈白一工笔画新年画湖南美术

Neighboring effect in single-atom catalysts for the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction

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eScience 2024年第1期4卷 1-16页

作者： Hon Ho Wong Mingzi Sun Tong Wu Cheuk Hei chan.Lu Lu Qiuyang Lu Baian Chen Bolong Huang Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARChina Research Centre for Carbon-Strategic Catalysis The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Although single-atom catalysts(SACs)have attracted enormous attention for their applications in the electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)due to their extraordinary catalytic activity and well-defined active centers,neighboring effects and their influence on the electrochemical performance of SACs have not been well *** this review,we present a summary of the neighboring effects on SACs for the CO_(2)RR process,where the surrounding atoms not only induce electronic modulation of the metal atom but also participate in the CO_(2)*** theoretical and experimental studies have pointed out that the neighboring sites of the anchored metal center can provide second active/adsorption locations during the catalytic process,enhancing CO_(2)RR performance *** review supplies advanced insights into the significant roles and impacts of neighboring effects on the catalytic process,which also benefit the development of advanced SACs to achieve efficient electrocatalysis.

关键词： Carbon dioxide reduction Neighboring effect Atomic catalysts Electronic modulations Active sites