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Evading the host response:Staphylococcus“hiding”in cortical bone canalicular system causes increased bacterial burden

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Bone Research 2020年第4期8卷 447-457页

作者： Stephen D.Zoller Vishal Hegde Zachary D.C.Burke Howard Y.Park chad R.Ishmael Gideon W.Blumstein William Sheppard Christopher Hamad Amanda H.Loftin Daniel O.j.hansen Ryan A.Smith Marina M.Sprague Kellyn R.Hori Samuel j.Clarkson Rachel Borthwell Scott I.Simon j.ff F.Miller Scott D.Nelson Nicholas M.Bernthal Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of CaliforniaLos Angeles125016th St Suite 2100Santa MonicaCA 90404USA David Geffen School of Medicine University of CaliforniaLos Angeles10833 Le Conte AveLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Internal Medicine University of CaliforniaLos Angeles757 Westwood PlazaSuite 7501Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA California NanoSystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos Angeles570 Westwood PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Microbiology Immunologyand Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095USA Department of Pathology University of CaliforniaLos Angeles125016th St Suite 3450Santa MonicaCA 90404USA

Extremity reconstruction surgery is increasingly performed rather than amputation for patients with large-segment pathologic bone *** persists as to the optimal void filler for this“limb salvage”surgery,whether metal or allograft *** focus on optimizing important functional gains for patients,and the risk of devastating implant infection has been thought to be similar regardless of implant *** insights into infection pathophysiology are challenging this equipoise,however,with both basic science data suggesting a novel mechanism of infection of Staphylococcus aureus(the most common infecting agent)into the host lacunar–canaliculi network,and also clinical data revealing a higher rate of infection of allograft over *** current translational study was therefore developed to bridge the gap between these insights in a longitudinal murine model of infection of allograft bone and ***-time Staphylococci infection characteristics were quantified in cortical bone vs metal,and both microarchitecture of host implant and presence of host immune response were *** orders-of-magnitude higher bacterial burden was established in cortical allograft bone over both metal and cancellous *** establishment of immune-evading microabscesses was confirmed in both cortical allograft haversian canal and the submicron canaliculi network in an additional model of mouse femur bone *** study results reveal a mechanism by which Staphylococci evasion of host immunity is possible,contributing to elevated risks of infection in cortical *** presence of this local infection reservoir imparts massive clinical implications that may alter the current paradigm of osteomyelitis and bulk allograft infection treatment.

关键词： immunity insight reservoir

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Natural history of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia:How much do we really know?

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World j.urnal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2010年第10期2卷 368-372页

作者： chad G Ball Thomas j.Howard Department of Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine

Information on the natural history of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia(IPMN) is currently inadequate due to a lack of carefully orchestrated long-term followup on a large cohort of patients with asymptomatic *** on the available data,one can draw the conclusions that main duct IPMN is commonly associated with malignancy and an aggressive operative stance should be taken with resection being offered to most patients who are suitable operative *** contrast,the maj.rity of branch type IPMN with a diameter of less than 3 cm can be safely followed with routine surveillance imaging provided they lack the high-risk covariates of age,symptomatology,nodularity or wall thickness.

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia Cystic pancreatic neoplasm Pancreas

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Interventional Radiology Procedures after Pediatric Pyeloplasty and Ureteral Reimplantation in Patients with Postoperative Obstruction

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Open j.urnal of Urology 2014年第6期4卷 87-90页

作者： Brent W. Snow M. chad Wallis G. Peter Feola j.hn W. Rampton Teisha Shiozaki Division of Pediatric Urology University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City USA Primary Children’s Medical Center Salt Lake City USA

Introduction: Obstructive complication after pyeloplasty or ureteral reimplant surgery is a rare though worrisome problem in pediatric urology. These are often complex patients with complicated post-operative courses that at times require interventional radiology procedures. The current literature is lacking in guiding principles to manage these complications. In this study we have reviewed these difficult to manage patients at our children’s hospital over the past 15 years. Methods: A list of patients who underwent interventional radiology procedures to place nephrostomy tubes or internal double-j.ureteral stents was compared a list of patients undergoing pyeloplasty or reimplant procedures. These lists were cross-referenced to a list of patients undergoing cystoscopic removal of double-j.stents. This small patient group does not represent all complications but those with radiology intervention. Results: At our institution, during the years 1998-2011 we performed 458 pyeloplasties and 3003 open ureteral reimplant procedures. 14 (0.4%) met all of the inclusion criteria. The long term outcome of these problems showed 11 of these patients went on to stability or improvement with either percutaneous drainage or j. stent placement alone, and three of the reimplant patients ultimately required redo surgery. Of our pyeloplasty patients only three required percutaneous nephrostomy tube, and one went on to j. stent placement (0.66% of pyeloplasties). No patients in the pyeloplasty group needed surgical revision. Of patients how had undergone ureteral reimplantation, with or without tapering, seven of them underwent interventional radiology procedures (0.23% of reimplant patients). Conclusion: Pediatric urology patients with persistent obstruction after pyeloplasties and ureteral reimplantation surgery with or without tapering who needed interventional radiology rescue procedure resolved or stabilized in 11 of 14 patients. Surgical revision was performed in only 3 of our 14

关键词： Interventional Radiology Pediatrics Ureteral Reimplantation Pyeloplasty Postoperative Obstruction

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Novel immunotherapeutic approaches in head and neck cancer

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j.urnal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第11期4卷 36-46页

作者： Molly E.Heft Neal Catherine T.Haring j.cqueline E.Mann j.chad Brenner Matthew E.Spector Paul L.Swiecicki Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48103USA Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology/OncologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48103USA Department of Pharmacology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48103USA Rogel Cancer Center University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48103USA

Unresectable recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer is an incurable disease with survival of approximately 12 months. Head and neck tumors exhibit numerous derangements in the tumor microenvironment that aid in immune evasion and may serve as targets for future therapies. Pembrolizumab is now approved as a first line therapy. Despite the promise of currently approved immunotherapies there continues to be low response rates and additional strategies are needed. Here, alterations in the immune microenvironment and current therapeutic strategies are reviewed with a focus on novel immunologic approaches.

关键词： Immunotherapy head and neck immune evasion immune derangement checkpoint inhibitors recurrent/metastatic

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骨科教程膝关节内侧副韧带及内侧结构的损伤

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中华骨科杂志 2010年第9期30卷 I0056-I0068页

作者： Coen A. Wij.icks, PhD chad j. Griffith, MD Steinar j.hansen, MD Lars Engebretsen, MD, PhD Robert F. LaPrade, MD, PhD 夏志敏(译) Investigation performed at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Minnesota Minncapolis Minnesota and the Oslo University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway 浙江省杭州市中医院 310007

内侧副韧带浅层及其他内侧的膝关节稳定结构——如，内侧副韧带深层和后斜韧带——是损伤最为多见的膝关节韧带性结构。

关键词：膝关节内侧副韧带内侧结构骨科教程损伤膝关节稳定带性结构

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《极限特工:终极回归》

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电影 2017年第2期 62-63页

作者： F·斯科特·弗雷泽 chad St.j.hn Rich Wilkes

导演：D·j.卡卢索编剧：F·斯科特·弗雷泽/chad ***/Rich Wilkes主演：范·迪塞尔/鲁比·罗丝/塞缪尔·杰克逊/妮娜·杜波夫类型：动作/冒险制片国家/地区：美国语言：英语上映日期：2017-02-10（中国大陆）/2017-01-20（美国）英文... 详细信息

导演：D·j.卡卢索编剧：F·斯科特·弗雷泽/chad ***/Rich Wilkes主演：范·迪塞尔/鲁比·罗丝/塞缪尔·杰克逊/妮娜·杜波夫类型：动作/冒险制片国家/地区：美国语言：英语上映日期：2017-02-10（中国大陆）/2017-01-20（美国）英文名：x Xx：Return of Xander Cage剧透：很长一段时间以来大家都以为凯奇已经死了,但这其实是他自己演的一出戏,这次,他重出江湖,开始召集自己的队伍,与另一队人马争夺一个叫做“潘多拉魔盒”的武器。

关键词：极限特工凯奇一出戏 Cage 杜波克逊斯科特雷泽甄子丹塞缪尔

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Chromosome-scale scaffolding of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) genome based on chromatin interaction data

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 868-878页

作者： Rubina j.bran Helge Dzierzon Nahla Bassil j.ll M.Bushakra Patrick P.Edger Shawn Sullivan chad E.Finn Michael Dossett Kelly j.Vining Robert VanBuren Todd C.Mockler Ivan Liachko Kevin M.Davies Toshi M.Foster David Chagné The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Private Bag 11600Palmerston North4474New Zealand USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository 33447 Peoria RoadCorvallisOR97333USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824-2604USA Phase Genomics SeattleWA98195USA USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit CorvallisOR97330USA B.C.Blueberry Council(in Partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada)Agassiz Food Research Centre AgassizBCV0M 1A0Canada The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO63132USA Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWA98195USA

Black raspberry(Rubus occidentalis L.)is a niche fruit crop valued for its flavor and potential health *** improvement of fruit and cane characteristics via molecular breeding technologies has been hindered by the lack of a high-quality reference *** recently released draft genome for black raspberry(ORUS 4115-3)lacks assembly of scaffolds to chromosome *** used high-throughput chromatin conformation capture(Hi-C)and Proximity-Guided Assembly(PGA)to cluster and order 9650 out of 11,936 contigs of this draft genome assembly into seven *** seven pseudo-chromosomes cover~97.2%of the total contig length(~223.8 Mb).Locating existing genetic markers on the physical map resolved multiple discrepancies in marker order on the genetic *** regions were inferred from recombination frequencies of genetic markers,alignment of 303 bp centromeric sequence with the PGA,and heat map showing the physical contact matrix over the entire *** demonstrate a high degree of synteny between each of the seven chromosomes of black raspberry and a high-quality reference genome for strawberry(Fragaria vesca L.)assembled using only PacBio long-read *** conclude that PGA is a cost-effective and rapid method of generating chromosome-scale assemblies from Illumina short-read sequencing data.

关键词： breeding black interaction

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Coping with COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa:What Might the Future Hold?

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Virologica Sinica 2020年第6期35卷 875-884页

作者： Franck j.D.Mennechet Guy R.Takoudj.u Dzomo Institute of Molecular Genetic of Montpellier CNRSUniversity of MontpellierMontpellier 34090France University Hospital Complex the"Bon Samaritain" N’DjamenaBP 456Republic of Chad

The African COVID-19 Scenario On December 31st,2019 an unexplained case of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan,Hubei Province,China(Zhou et al.2020).On j.nuary 9th,2020,Chinese authorities and the World Health Organization(WHO)officially announced the discovery of a new type of coronavirus called SARS-Co V-2 that causes the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)。

关键词： COV Africa authorities

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OPTICAL MEASUREMENT OF PHOTOSENSITIZER CONCENTRATION IN VIVO

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j.urnal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2011年第2期4卷 97-111页

作者： MARTIN R.AUSTWICK j.SEPHINE H.WOODHAMS VADZIM CHALAU CHARLES A.MOSSE CAROLINE ELIOT LAURENCE LOVAT ALEXANDER j.MACROBERT IRVING j.BIGIO STEPHEN G.BOWN National Medical Laser Centre Charles Bell House 67-73 Riding House Street University College London London W1W 7EJUK Boston University BME44 Cummington Street BostonMA 02215USA

Most techniques for measuring tissue concentrations of drugs are invasive,time-consuming,and often require the removal of tissue or *** pharmacokinetics(OP)is a minimally invasive alternative giving an immediate *** of white light are directed at the tissue of interest using afiber optic *** light is detected by a secondfiber immediately adj.cent to thefirst in the same probe(separation 1.7 mm).Using the photosensitizer disulfonated aluminium phthalocyanine(AlS_(2)Pc),OP measurements were made in phantoms and on the mouth,stomach,colon,skin,and liver of normal rats 1 and 24 h after intravenous AlS_(2)Pc ***_(2)Pc concentration was determined by calculating the area under the curve(AUC)in the spectral region around the peak drug absorption or measuring the height of the *** baseline interpolation removed the need for pre-drug,control optical *** measurements correlated well with values from alkali chemical extraction(CE)of the corresponding tissues,(R^(2)0.87=0.97).OP measurements in the mouth also correlated with CE of less accessible internal organs(R^(2)0.77-0.88).In phantoms,the lowest detectable concentration was 0.1μg/*** vivo,results were limited by the lower accuracy in the CE measurements but were almost certainly *** incidentalfinding was a 12-15nm red shifted component in the spectra observed 1 h after drug administration,suggesting partitioning of the drug in different microenvironment compartments,which could prove to be of considerable interest in future *** conclusion,OP shows promise for real-time measurement of concentrations of drugs with suitable absorption peaks.

关键词： Optical pharmacokinetics chemometrics photodynamic therapy noninvasive measurement

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Petrographic composition of coal within the Benue Trough,Nigeria and a consideration of the paleodepositional setting

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International j.urnal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第3期9卷 67-90页

作者： A.D.Mangs N.j.Wagner O.M.Moroeng U.A.Lar DSI-NRF CIMERA Department of GeologyUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa Department of Geology University of JosJosNigeria

The petrographic composition of Cretaceous-age coals hosted in the Benue Trough,Nigeria is presented and discussed in terms of the paleodepositional settings that infuenced the coal-bearing *** Benue Trough is a failed arm of the triple j.nction of an inland sedimentary basin that extends in a NE-SW direction from the Gulf of Guinea in the south,to the chad Basin in the north.A total of twenty-nine(29)coal samples were obtained from nineteen coal localities in the Upper(UBT),Middle(MBT),and Lower Benue Trough(LBT).The high average volatile matter yield,low average ash yield,high calorifc value(24.82 Mj.kg,on average),and low sulphur values indicate good quality coal *** organic matter is dominated by vitrinite,reported at an average of 59.3%by volume(mineral-matter free).Variation was noted in the inertinite content across three *** macerals were not commonly observed in the studied samples and were absent in the MBT *** facies studies decipher the paleoenvironmental conditions under which the vegetation *** commonly used are the gelifcation index(GI),tissue preservation index(TPI),ground water index(GWI and variations),vegetation index(VI),and wood index(WI).Comparing the array of coal facies models applied,the MBT samples difer from the UBT and LBT samples,concurring with the coal quality *** UBT and LBT coals formed in an upper deltaic to drier piedmont plane depositional environment,while the MBT coal formed in a lower deltaic marsh to wet forest swamp depositional *** samples indicate an ombrotrophic *** view of the modifed equations and the plots used,interpreting depositional environments from j.st a single model is not reliable.

关键词： Benue Trough Coal petrography Depositional environment Microlithotypes Vitrinite

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