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Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

j.urnal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold j.nifer Murphy-Smith Chee H.Ng David Mischoulon Gerard j.Byrne chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk j.rome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for Human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM Health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Obj.ctive The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

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Does a large prostate size,small lesion volume,or long needle distance from the probe to the lesion reduce magnetic resonance imaging–targeted cancer detection?

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 144-147页

作者： Mark D.Bevill j.stin N.Drobish Kevin j.Flynn Maheen Raj.ut Catherine Metz chad R.Tracy Paul T.Gellhaus Department of Urology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Department of Radiology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Background:We aimed to evaluate whether large prostate size,small lesion volume,or long lesion distance from the ultrasound probe tip would decrease cancer detection in transrectal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)–targeted *** and methods:Patients who underwent MRI-targeted biopsy at our institution between May 2017 and August 2019 were enrolled in a prospective *** to 5 cores were obtained from≥2 prostate imaging reporting and data system v2 lesions.A multivariable model was created that included needle distance to the lesion,prostate specific antigen,prostate imaging reporting and data system,lesion volume,and prostate ***:A total of 377 patients with 533 lesions underwent a biopsy during the study period.A total of 233(44%)lesions were positive for prostate cancer,and 173(32%)lesions had clinically significant prostate *** mean needle distance to the lesion was 11.7mm(interquartile range,7.6–15.5mm).The likelihood of obtaining a positive core on biopsy decreased as the distance fromthe ultrasound probe increased for all prostate cancers and clinically significant prostate cancer(p=0.018 and p=0.004,respectively).Every 10mmfrom the rectum,there was an 8%–10%decrease in the rate of cancer ***,as the prostate volume increased,the odds of obtaining a positive core also decreased(p=0.039).There was no significant association between the lesion size and amount of cancer obtained on ***:Our data showed that transrectal MRI-targeted biopsy cancer detection modestly decreased the lesion from the ultrasound probe and with a large prostate volume but could not prove that lesion volume was a significant predictor of the amount of cancer detected.

关键词： Prostate cancer Biopsy Magnetic resonance imaging

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Aerosol j.t printing of surface acoustic wave microfluidic devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： j.seph Rich Brian cole Teng Li Brandon Lu Hanyu Fu Brittany N.Smith j.anping Xia Shuj.e Yang Ruoyu Zhong j.mes L.Doherty Kanj. Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Franklin Tony j.n Huang Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technologies to microfluidics has greatly advanced lab-on-a-chip applications due to their unique and powerful attributes,including high-precision manipulation,versatility,integrability,biocompatibility,contactless nature,and rapid ***,the development of SAW microfluidic devices is limited by complex and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cleanroom facilities for multistep photolithography and vacuum-based *** simplify the fabrication of SAW microfluidic devices with customizable dimensions and functions,we utilized the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol j.t *** successfully fabricated customized SAW microfluidic devices of varying materials,including silver nanowires,graphene,and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol j.t printed SAW microfluidic devices with their cleanroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displacements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directly measured through scanning laser Doppler ***,to exhibit the capability of the aerosol j.t printed devices for lab-on-a-chip applications,we successfully conducted acoustic streaming and particle concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel solution-based,direct-write,single-step,cleanroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidly develop SAW microfluidic devices that shows viability for applications in the fields of biology,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fluid

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Intramedullary bone pedestal formation contributing to femoral shaft fracture nonunion:A case report and review of the literature

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World j.urnal of Orthopedics 2022年第5期13卷 528-537页

作者： Charles B Pasque Alexander j.Pappas chad a cole j. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation University of Oklahoma College of MedicineOklahoma CityOK 73104United States University of Colorado School of Medicine AuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Femoral shaft fracture is a commonly encountered orthopedic inj.ry that can be treated operatively with a low overall delayed/nonunion *** the case of delayed union after antegrade or retrograde intramedullary nail fixation,fracture dynamization is often attempted *** after dynamization has been shown to occur due to infection and other aseptic *** present a unique case of diaphyseal femoral shaft fracture nonunion after dynamization due to intramedullary cortical bone pedestal formation at the distal tip of the *** SUMMARY A 37-year-old male experienced a high-energy trauma to his left thigh after coming down hard during a motocross *** was consistent with an isolated,closed,left mid-shaft femur *** was initially managed with reamed antegrade intramedullary nail fixation but had continued thigh *** at four months demonstrated no evidence of fracture union and failure of the distal locking screw,and dynamization by distal locking screw removal was *** patient continued to have pain eight months after the initial procedure and 4 mo after dynamization with serial radiographs continuing to demonstrate no evidence of fracture *** decision was made to proceed with exchange nailing for aseptic fracture *** the exchange procedure,an obstruction was encountered at the distal tip of the failed nail and was confirmed on magnified fluoroscopy to be a pedestal of cortical bone in the *** obstruction required further distal reaming.A longer and larger diameter exchange nail was placed without difficulty and without a distal locking screw to allow for dynamization at the fracture ***-operative radiographs showed proper fracture and hardware *** was subsequently radiographic evidence of callus formation at one year with subsequent fracture consolidation and resolution of thigh pain at eighteen *** The risk of fracture nonunion caused by int

关键词： Nonunion Femoral shaft fracture Diaphysis Fracture fixation Antegrade intramedullary nail Case report

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Covering Your Bases： Inheritance of DNA Methylation in Plant Genomes

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Molecular Plant 2014年第3期7卷 472-480页

作者： chad E. Niederhuth Robert j. Schmitz Department of Genetics University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Cytosine methylation is an important base modification that is inherited across mitotic and meiotic cell divisions in plant genomes. Heritable methylation variants can contribute to within-species phenotypic variation. Few methylation variants were known until recently, making it possible to begin to address maj.r unanswered questions： the extent of natural methylation variation within plant genomes, its effects on phenotypic variation, its degree of depend- ence on genotype, and how it fits into an evolutionary context. Techniques like whole-genome bisulfite sequencing （WGBS） make it possible to determine cytosine methylation states at single-base resolution across entire genomes and populations. Application of this method to natural and novel experimental populations is revealing answers to these long-standing questions about the role of DNA methylation in plant genomes.

关键词： DNA methylation epigenetics epiallele whole-genome bisulfite sequencing.

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Modelling of a Human Driver’s Interaction with Vehicle Automated Steering Using Cooperative Game Theory

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IEEE/CAA j.urnal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第5期6卷 1095-1107页

作者： Xiaoxiang Na David j.cole Department of Engineering University of Cambridge

The introduction of automated driving systems raised questions about how the human driver interacts with the automated system. Non-cooperative game theory is increasingly used for modelling and understanding such interaction, while its counterpart, cooperative game theory is rarely discussed for similar applications despite it may be potentially more suitable. This paper describes the modelling of a human driver’s steering interaction with an automated steering system using cooperative game theory. The distributed Model Predictive Control approach is adopted to derive the driver’s and the automated steering system’s strategies in a Pareto equilibrium sense, namely their cooperative Pareto steering strategies. Two separate numerical studies are carried out to study the influence of strategy parameters, and the influence of strategy types on the driver’s and the automated system’s steering performance. It is found that when a driver interacts with an automated steering system using a cooperative Pareto steering strategy, the driver can improve his/her performance in following a target path through increasing his/her effort in pursuing his/her own interest under the driver-automation cooperative control goal. It is also found that a driver’s adoption of cooperative Pareto steering strategy leads to a reinforcement in the driver’s steering angle control, compared to the driver’s adoption of non-cooperative Nash strategy. This in turn enables the vehicle to return from a lane-change maneuver to straight-line driving swifter.

关键词： Automated driving system cooperative game theory driver modelling

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Material transport in dip-pen nanolithography

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Frontiers of physics 2014年第3期9卷 385-397页

作者： Keith A. Brown Daniel j. Eichelsdoerfer Xing Liao Shu He chad A. Mirkin Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA

Dip-pen *** （DPN） is a useful method for directly printing materials on surfaces with sub-50nm resolution. Because it, involves the physical transport of materials from a scanning probe tip to a surface and the subsequent chemical interaction of that material with the surface, there are many factors to consider when attempting to understand DPN. In this review, we overview the physical and chemical processes that are known to play a role in DPN, Through a detailed review of the literature, we classify inks into three general categories based on their transport properties, and highlight the myriad ways that. DPN can be used to perform chemistry at the tip of a scanning probe.

关键词： dip-pen nanolithography scanning probe lithography materials transport

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SAR of tricyclic sulfones as γ-secretase inhibitors

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第11期54卷 1688-1701页

作者： cole David ASBEROM Ted BARA Tom BENNETT chad BURNETT Duane A. CLADER j.hn DOMALSKI Martin GREENLEE William j. HYDE Lynn j.SIEN Hubert McBRIAR Mark McKITTRICK Brian PISSARNITSKI Dmitri RAj.GOPALAN Murali SASIKUMAR Thavalakulamgara Merck Research Laboratories 2015 Galloping Hill RoadKenilworth New Jersey 07033 USA

Novel tricyclic sulfones as γ-secretase inhibitors have been reported by this laboratory for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Compounds in this series have comparable or better in vitro activities and in vivo efficacies than sulfonamide analogues re- ported previously by this laboratory. Based on the previously reported tricyclic sulfone scaffold, additional SAR studies of C ring were carried out. Various C-ring structures including cyclohexane, pyran, and piperidine were tolerated. Additionally, the 7- and 8- positions of the C-ring were identified as the best sites to introduce substituent for modulating the pharmacokinetic properties of compounds from this series.

关键词： tricyclic sulfones T-secretase Alzheimer's disease inhibitors

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Design　Issues　for　Use　of　Solid　State　Transmitter　Radars　in　the　Terminal　Airspace

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j.urnal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 1995年第1期6卷 57-64页

作者： E. Lee cole & Lawrence j. Friz(Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Baltimore, MD, USA) Westinghouse Electric Corporation Baltimore MD USA

Abstract

关键词： Design Use Issues Airspace

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Adapting the botanical landscape of Melbourne Gardens(Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria)in response to climate change

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 338-347页

作者： Timothy j.Entwisle Chris cole Peter Symes Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria

Botanic gardens around the world maintain collections of living plants for science, conservation, education, beauty and more. These collections change over time-in scope and content-but the predicted impacts of climate change will require a more strategic approach to the succession of plant species and their landscapes. Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria has recently published a 'Landscape Succession Strategy'for its Melbourne Gardens, a spectacular botanical landscape established in 1846. The strategy recognizes that with 1.6 million visitors each year, responsibility for a heritage-listed landscape and the need to care for a collection of 8500 plant species of conservation and scientific importance, planting and planning must take into account anticipated changes to rainfall and temperature. The trees we plant today must be suitable for the climate of the twenty-second century. Specifically, the Strategy sets out the steps needed over the next twenty years to transition the botanic garden to one resilient to the climate modelled for2090. The document includes a range of practical measures and achievable(and at times somewhat aspirational) targets. Climate analogues will be used to identify places in Australia and elsewhere with conditions today similar to those predicted for Melbourne in 2090, to help select new species for the collection. Modelling of the natural and cultivated distribution of species will be used to help select suitable growth forms to replace existing species of high value or interest. Improved understanding of temperature gradients within the botanic garden, water holding capacity of soils and plant water use behaviour is already resulting in better targeted planting and irrigation. The goal is to retain a similar diversity of species but transition the collection so that by 2036 at least 75% of the species are suitable for the climate in 2090. Over the next few years we hope to provide 100% of irrigation water from sustainable water sources, and

关键词： Climate change Landscape succession Botanic garden Uving collection

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