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pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension

World Journal of pediatrics 2017年第6期13卷 588-592页

作者： Hugo Juárez Olguín Hector Osnaya Martínez carmen flores pérez Blanca Ramírez Mendiola Liliana Rivera Espinosa Juan Luis Chávez pacheco Janett flores pérez Ignacio Mora Maga(n)a Laboratory of pharmacology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Department of pharmacology Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico CityMexico Service of Cardiology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Laboratory of pharmacology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Subdirection of Teaching and Educational programming National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico

Background:Recently,sildenafil was introduced to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (pAH);however,there are currently few studies on the pharmacokinetics of sildenalfil in ***,we aimed to carry out a pharmacokinetic study of sildenafil in children with pAH using a single ***:Twelve children diagnosed with pAH,consisting of with ten males and two females,were recruited for the study after obtaining written consent from their parents or *** samples were obtained predose and at 0.25,0.5,1,2,4,8 and 12 hours after the oral administration of 1 mg/kg of sildenafil using an extemporal pediatric formulation developed in our *** samples were analyzed using a previously validated high performance liquid chromatography ***:A pharmacokinetic analysis using the WinNonlin 3.1 program that considered the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for sdecting a more adjustable model was *** following pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained:maximal concentration (Cmax):366+179 ng/mL,time to maximal concentration:0.92±0.30 hours,elimination half-life (t1/2):2.41±1.18 hours,total clearance (CLto/F):5.85±2.81 L/hour,volume of distribution (Vd/F):20.13±14.5 L,absorption rate constants (Ka):0.343 hour-1,elimination rate (Ke):0.35 hour-1,area under curve from zero to infinity:2061±618 ng/mL/*** data of all patients adjusted to the model of one compartment were corroborated using ***:The parameters Ka,Ke and t1/2 were found to be similar to those reported in adults;however,the values of Cmax and Vd/F were significantly *** on these findings,we propose that treatment regimen of sildenafil be adjusted in children with pAH.

关键词： pharmacokinetics pulmonary arterial hypertension sildenafil

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Development and Validation of a Method to Quantify Midazolam in a New Oral Formulation for pediatric Use

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第8期3卷 552-558页

作者： carmen flores pérez Juan Luis Chávez pacheco Janett flores pérez Hugo Juárez Olguín Blanca Ramírez Mendiola Raquel García álvarez José Francisco González Zamora ángel Changin Guerra Chocolates Turínò S.A. de C.V. Departamento de Anestesia y Quirófano INP Laboratorio de Farmacología Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP)

Aim: To develop an HpLC method to quantify midazolam in a new oral formulation for pediatric use. Methods: The stability of the new formulation was evaluated at different storage conditions and a preliminary assay of relative bioavailability was carried out in healthy volunteers. Results: The method of quantification was linear in the range of 5 to 60 μg·mL-1. The midazolam amount in the formulation remained stable for 90 days at 4 and 40℃ (in the dark) while at 25℃ was stable only for 14 days (exposed to light). Discussion: The relative bioavailability assay suggests that our preparation of midazolam in white chocolate reaches plasma levels similar to those induced by the apple juice formulation. Conclusion: This new white chocolate formulation masks the unpleasing flavour and has a more attractive presentation to the paediatric patient, which may be useful for children sedation and to ease its management by health carers.

关键词： Children Liquid Chromatography Magistral Formulation Midazolam

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Remediation of amide pesticide-polluted soils by combined solarization and ozonation treatment

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pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 641-651页

作者： Isabel GARRIDO carmen MMARTINEZ pilar flores pilar HELLIN Fulgencio CONTRERAS Jose FENOLL Department of Sustainability and Quality Group of Fruit and Vegetable products Instituto Murciano de Investigacion y Desarrollo Agrario y MedioambientalLa Alberca 30150(Spain)

Agriculture has a close relationship with nature,but it can also be the source of negative and permanent environmental *** use of pesticides in modern agriculture is a common practice,but their side effects on the environment cannot be *** this study,we evaluated a combination of solarization and ozonation techniques for the elimination of six amide pesticides(boscalid,chlorantraniliprole,cyflufenamid,fluopyram,napropamide,and propyzamide)in *** experiments were performed with four different soils to assess the efficiency of this methodology at different soil temperatures and ozone dosages under laboratory conditions,and then a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions during *** days after the onset of the experiments,higher degradation percentages of amide pesticides were observed in ozonized soils than in other treated soils,particularly when ozone was applied at 10 cm soil *** results show that the utilization of ozonation,along with solarization,represents a valid method for degrading residues of the studied pesticides and suggest that this combined technology may be a promising tool for remediating pesticide-polluted soils.

关键词： intermediate ozone pesticide degradation pesticide residue polyethylene film remediation technique

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prognostic Factors for Mortality in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury at HGZ 46, Villahermosa, Tabasco, period from March 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： América del carmen flores Jiménez Eduardo Guillermo Aguilar López Rafael Blanco De La Vega pérez Juan Manuel Hernández Vázquez Emergency Room at General Zone Hospital #46 (HGZ46) “Dr. Bartolomé Reynés Berezaluce” from Mexican Institute of Social Security Tabasco Mexico Intensive Care Unit at General Zone Hospital #46 (HGZ46) “Dr. Bartolomé Reynés Berezaluce” from Mexican Institute of Social Security Tabasco Mexico

Introduction: A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by a forceful bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body, or by an object that pierces the skull and interrupts the normal function of the brain. Severe TBI is estimated at 73 cases per 100,000 people. The mortality of severe TBI can be reduced if a timely diagnosis and treatment of the injuries are made through prognostic factors. Objective: To determine the prognostic factors related to mortality in severe traumatic brain injury at the Hospital General de Zona No. 46. Material and Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study in beneficiaries admitted to the Hospital General de Zona (HGZ) No. 46 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS by its acronym in Spanish), with a diagnosis of severe TBI;the possible prognostic factors related to mortality of severe TBI were obtained from their records. Measures of central tendency and chi square were used for data analysis. Results: The study sample consisted of 60 subjects diagnosed with severe traumatic brain injury, of which 5 (8%) were women and 55 (92%) were men, and all 60 (100%) patients died. The average age of the sample was 26 with a standard deviation of 9 years. The variables that had a p value less than or equal to 0.05 were: Mydriasis, seizures, Hyperglycemia, Normoglycemia, Hypothermia and Hypotension. This means that these variables were associated with mortality. Conclusion: Statistical significance is demonstrated in prognostic factors of mortality in severe traumatic brain injury with p perglycemia, normoglycemia, hypothermia and hypotension.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury prognostic Factors Mortality Severity

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Low-Cost and Biodegradable Thermoelectric Devices Based on van der Waals Semiconductors on paper Substrates

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 201-206页

作者： Gulsum Ersu carmen Munuera Federico J.Mompean Daniel Vaquero Jorge Quereda João Elias F.S.Rodrigues Jose A.Alonso Eduardo flores Jose R.Ares Isabel J.Ferrer Abdullah M.Al-Enizi Ayman Nafady Sruthi Kuriakose Joshua O.Island Andres Castellanos-Gomez Materials Science Factory Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid(ICMM-CSIC)Madrid E-28049Spain Nanotechnology Group USAL-NanolabUnivesidad de SalamancaSalamanca Junta de Castilla y León 37007Spain GISC Departamento de Física de MaterialesUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid E-28040Spain Departamento de Física Aplicada Centro de Investigación y Estudios AvanzadosMérida 97310Mexico MIRE Group Departamento de Física de MaterialesUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid E-28049Spain Instituto Nicolás Cabrera Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid E-28049Spain Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las VegasLas Vegas NV 89154USA

We present a method to fabricate handcrafted thermoelectric devices on standard office paper *** devices are based on thin films of WS_(2),Te,and Bp(p-type semiconductors)and TiS_(3)and TiS_(2)(N-type semiconductors),deposited by simply rubbing powder of these materials against *** thermoelectric properties of these semiconducting films revealed maximum Seebeck coefficients of(+1.32±0.27)mV K^(-1)and(-0.82±0.15)mV K^(-1)for WS_(2)and TiS_(3),***,peltier elements were fabricated by interconnecting the p-and N-type films with graphite electrodes.A thermopower value up to 6.11 mV K^(-1)was obtained when the peltier element were constructed with three *** findings of this work show proof-of-concept devices to illustrate the potential application of semiconducting van der Waals materials in future thermoelectric power generation as well as temperature sensing for low-cost disposable electronic devices.

关键词： paper-based electronics Seebeck effect semiconductors thermoelectrics van der Waals materials

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From liver to hormones:The endocrine consequences of cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1073-1095页

作者： Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio María del carmen Durand-Vásquez Luciana del pilar Rafael-Robles Jhean Gabriel Gonzáles-Yovera María Alejandra Quispe-flores Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga Alejandro Román-González José paz-Ibarra Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta Non-communicable Diseases Endocrinology Research LineHospital de Apoyo ChepénChepén 13871Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Víctor Lazarte EchegarayTrujillo 13006Peru Department of Endocrinology Clínica Javier PradoLima 15046Peru Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara IrigoyénLima 15018Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital de Emergencias GrauLima 15001Peru Internal Medicine Hospital Regional Docente de TrujilloTrujillo 13011Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Universitario de San Vicente FundaciónMedellin 050010Colombia Internal Medicine Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín 050010Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLima 15072Peru Carrera de Medicina Humana Universidad Científica del SurLima 15067Peru

Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine *** liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis *** its importance,assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently *** article provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of endocrine disturbances in liver *** review was conducted using the pubMed/Medline,EMBASE,and Scielo databases,encompassing 172 *** cirrhosis is associated with endocrine disturbances,including diabetes,hypoglycemia,sarcopenia,thyroid dysfunction,hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,bone disease,adrenal insufficiency,growth hormone dysfunction,and secondary *** optimal tools for diagnosing diabetes and detecting hypoglycemia are the oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring system,*** can be assessed through imaging and functional tests,while other endocrine disorders are evaluated using hormonal assays and imaging *** options include metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs,sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,and insulin,which are effective and safe for diabetes *** standards are followed for managing hypoglycemia,and hormone replacement therapy is often necessary for other endocrine *** transplantation can address some of these problems.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycemia Thyroid diseases Hypogonadism Metabolic bone diseases Liver cirrhosis

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Spatiotemporal patterns of burned areas,fire drivers,and fire probability across the equatorial Andes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第4期18卷 952-972页

作者： Xavier ZApATA-RiOS carmen LOpEZ-FABARA Abigail NAVARRETE Sandra TORRES-pAGUAY Miguel flores Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Escuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara E11-253P.O.Box 17-01-2759QuitoEcuador Center for Research and Water Resources Studies(CIERHI) Escuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara E11-253P.O.Box 17-01-2759QuitoEcuador Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Universidad Central del EcuadorAv.UniversitariaP.O.Box 17-03-100QuitoEcuador Modeling Optimization and Inferential Statistics Group(MODES)Department of MathematicsEscuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara Ell-253P.O.Box 17-01-2759QuitoEcuador

Field-based fire studies in the equatorial Andes indicate that fires are strongly associated with biophysical and anthropogenic ***,fire controls and fire regimes at the regional scale remain ***,this paper describes spatial and temporal burned-area patterns,identifies biophysical and anthropogenic fire drivers,and quantifies fire probability across 6°of latitude and 3°of longitude in the equatorial *** spatial and temporal burned-area analysis was carried out based on 18 years(2001-2018)of the MCD64 A1 MODIS burned-area ***,topography,vegetation,and anthropogenic variables were integrated in a logistic regression model to identify the significance of explanatory variables and determine fire occurrence probability.A total of 5779 fire events were registered during the 18 years of this study,located primarily along the western cordillera of the Andes and spreading from North to ***-eight percent of these fires took place within two fire hotspots located in the northwestern and southwestern corners of the study ***-nine percent occurred during the second part of the year,between June and *** largest density of fires was primarily located on herbaceous vegetation and *** show that mean monthly temperature,precipitation and NDVI during the prefire season,the location of land cover classes such as forest and agriculture,distance to roads and urban areas,slope,and aspect were the most important determinants of spatial and temporal fire *** logistic regression model achieved a good accuracy in predicting fire probability(80%).probability was higher in the southwestern and northern corners of the study area,and lower towards the north in the western and eastern piedmonts of the *** analysis contributes to the understanding of fires in mountains within the *** results here presented have the potential to contribute to fire management and control in the regi

关键词： MODIS MCD64A1 Spectral vegetation indices pre-fire season NDVI and precipitation Remote sensing

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Digestibility,Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of pecan Nutshell(Carya illioinensis)Extracts

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第10期10卷 2569-2580页

作者： María Janeth Rodríguez-Roque carmen Lizette Del-Toro-Sánchez Janet Madeline Chávez-Ayala Ricardo Iván González-Vega Liliana Maribel pérez-pérez Esteban Sánchez-Chávez Nora AideéSalas-Salazar Juan Manuel Soto-parra Rey David Iturralde-García María Antonia flores-Córdova Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas Universidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico Universidad de Sonora Rosales y Niños Héroes S/NHermosilloSonMéxico Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.Unidad DeliciasDeliciasChihuahuaMéxico

phenolic compounds are related to high biological activity,avoiding oxidation in food and human *** are by-products derived from the pecan nut processing that contain important amounts of phenols which biological activity must be *** research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant(DppH,ABTS,FRAp and hemolysis)and anti-inflammatory activities of shell extracts from pecan nuts harvested during the crop production cycle 2018 and 2019,as well as the in vitro digestibility of their phenolic compounds,including *** showed that extracts from the crop production cycle 2018 obtained the highest yield,while those from 2019 contained the highest concentration of phenolic compounds,flavonoids and antioxidant capacity determined by DppH(22.96 mmol ET),ABTS(91.55 mmol ET)and inhibition of hemolysis(92.12%).The anti-inflammatory activity exhibited an inhibition of the elastase enzyme up to 50 min and the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds reached up to 32%.These results showed that pecan nutshell extracts are an important source of biologically active compounds,thus,they are suitable to be used as commodities in different fields such as agricultural,food and pharmaceutical *** studies must be carried out in order to elucidate the activity of nutshell extracts within in vivo systems.

关键词： Anti-inflammatory activity antioxidants digestibility shell phenolic compounds

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Surfactant-free synthesis of metallic bismuth spheres by microwave-assisted solvothermal approach as a function of the power level

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2016年第4期10卷 394-404页

作者： Miriam ESTRADA flores patricia SANTIAGO JACINTO carmen M. rezA SAN GERMAN Luis RENDON VAZQUEZ Raul BORJA URBY Nicolas CAYETANO CASTRO Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Circuito Exterior S/N Zona de Institutos Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F. Mexico Instituto de Fisica Circuito de la Investigaci6n Cientffica Edificio Marcos MoshinskyLaboratorio de Materiales Nanoestructurados Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 04510 Mexico D.F. Mexico Escuela Superior de Ingenierfa Qufmica e Industrias Extractivas Unidad Profesional Adolfo L6pez Mateos Edif. Z-5 2do. Piso Instituto Politecnico Nacional C.P. 07738 Mexico D.F. Mexico Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologfas. Instituto politecnico Nacional Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/NUnidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos Zacatenco Delegaci6n Gustavo A. Madero C.P. 07738 Mexico D.F. Mexico

In the present work, the synthesis of micro- and nano-sized spheres of metallic bismuth by microwave-assisted solvothermal method is reported. The synthesis method was carried out at different power levels and at a unique frequency of microwave irradiation. The sphere sizes were controlled by the microwave power level and the concentration of dissolved precursor. Structural and morphological characterization was performed by SEM, HRTEM, EELS and XRD. The results demonstrated that rhombohedral zero valent Bi spheres were synthesized after microwave radiation at 600 and 1200 W. However, if the power level is decreased to 120 W, a monoclinic phase of Bi203 is obtained with a flake-like morphology. In comparison with a conventional hydrothermal process, the microwave-assisted solvothermal approach provides many advantages such as shorter reaction time, optimum manipulation of morphologies and provides a specific chemical phase and avoids the mixture of structural phases and morphologies which is essential for further applications such as drug delivery or functionalization with organic materials, thanks to its biocompatibility.

关键词： microwave oven power level metallic bismuth spherical structures mechanism of formation electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)

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Gender Differences in the pharmacokinetics of Oral Drugs

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pharmacology & pharmacy 2011年第1期2卷 31-41页

作者： Miriam del carmen Carrasco-portugal Francisco Javier flores-Murrieta 不详

Establishment of rational dosage regimens requires the knowledge of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the target population. It has been established that side effects produced by drugs are more frequent in women than in men. This may be due to two possibilities, one is that normalized dose received by women is higher than men and the other is that anatomical and physiological characteristics are a quite different. In this review, some aspects that may play a role in the generation of such differences are analyzed, including the impact on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs. Most of the changes can be explained by differences in volume of distribution and systemic clear- ance, however, presystemic clearance also seems to play a role in such dissimilarities. The final result, in general, is that women have higher plasma levels of drugs and usually these differences are reduced or abolished when data are normalized by the body weight, since both, volume of distribution and systemic clearance are influenced by it;however, there are some cases in which differences remain. Further research oriented to establish the role of each of the ana- tomical and physiological differences in the oral pharmacokinetics of drugs is warranted.

关键词： Gender-Related Differences Oral pharmacokinetics Sex Differences

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