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Anaerobic soil disinfestation:A chemical-independent approach to pre-plant control of plant pathogens

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第11期14卷 2309-2318页

作者： S l Strauss D A Kluepfel USDA-ARS Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit University of California

Due to increasing regulations and restrictions, there is an urgent need to develop effective alternatives to chemical-dependent fumigation control of soilborne pests and pathogens. Anaerobic soil disinfestation （ASD） is one such alternative showing great promise for use in the control of soilborne pathogens and pests. This method involves the application of a carbon source, irrigation to field capacity, and covering the soil with a plastic tarp. While the mechanisms of ASD are not completely understood, they appear to be a combination of changes in the soil microbial community composition, production of volatile organic compounds, and the generation of lethal anaerobic conditions. The variety of materials and options for ASD application, including carbon sources, soil temperature, and plastic tarp type, influence the efficacy of pathogen sup- pression and disease control. Currently, both dry （e.g., rice bran） and liquid （e.g., ethanol） carbon sources are commonly used, but with different results depending on environmental conditions. While solarization is not an essential component of ASD, it can enhance efficacy. Understanding the mechanisms that mediate biological changes occurring in the soil during ASD will facilitate our ability to increase ASD efficacy while enhancing its commercial viability.

关键词： anaerobic soil disinfestation biological soil disinfestation soilborne pathogens fumigation

NlS equation wronskians Peregrine breather rogue waves

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第2期65卷 136-144页

作者： Pierre Gaillard Mickaёl Gastineau Institut de Math6matiques de Bourgogne 9 Av. Alain Savary BP 47870 21078 DIJON Cedex France ASD IMCCE-CNRS UMR8028 Observatoire de Paris UPMC 77 Av. Denfert-Rochereau Paris 75014 France

The Peregrine breather of order eleven (P11 breather) solution to the focusing one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NlS) is explicitly constructed here. Deformations of the Peregrine breather of order 11 with 20 real parameters solutions to the NlS equation are also given: when all parameters are equal to 0 we recover the famous P11 breather. We obtain new families of quasi-rational solutions to the NlS equation in terms of explicit quotients of polynomials of degree 132 in x and t by a product of an exponential depending on t. We study these solutions by giving patterns of their modulus in the (x; t) plane, in function of the different parameters.

关键词： NlS方程呼吸非线性参数解多项式一维平面函数

The basic clinical diagnostic framework synergized

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Chinese Medical Journal 1998年第5期111卷 77-82页

作者： Edwin C.l. Yu Department of Pediatrics The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Objective To develop a diagnostic framework that would help defining clinical problems by the expanded understanding with traditional Chinese medicine (C Med) and western medicine (W Med).Methods The basic attributes of diagnosis and the use of diagnostic techniques of W Med and C Med are reviewed. Some of the various diagnostic labels and their meanings are also preliminarily reviewed. A consolidatory approach is made to synergize the usefulness of the two disciplines based on the principles of the two *** The application and use of the framework are discussed and propositions are made. The synergized diagnostic platform represents a starting effort to form a unified basis to exchange clinical diagnosis between W Med and C Med. Such framework may facilitate looking for new treatment modalities and results can be compared across different centres.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine clinical diagnosis western medicine principles of

Hitchhiker＇s guide to genetic diversity in socially structured populations

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 287-297页

作者： l. S. PREMO Department of Anthropology Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-4910 USA Department of Human Evolution Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology 04103 Leipzig Germany

When selection increases the frequency of a beneficial gene substitution it can also increase the frequencies of linked neutral alleles through a process called genetic hitchhiking. A model built to investigate reduced genetic diversity in Pleistocene hominins shows that genetic hitchhiking can have a strong effect on neutral diversity in the presence of culturally mediated migration. Under conditions in which genetic and cultural variants are transmitted symmetrically, neutral genes may also hitchhike to higher frequencies on the coattails of adaptive cultural traits through a process called cultural hitchhiking. Cultural hitchhiking has been proposed to explain why some species of matrilineal whales display relatively low levels of mitochondrial DNA diversity, and it may be applicable to humans as well. This paper provides a critical review of recent models of both types of hitchhiking in socially structured populations. The models’ assumptions and predictions are compared and discussed in the hope that studies of reduced genetic diversity in humans might improve our understanding of reduced genetic diversity in other species, andvice versa[Current Zoology58 (1): 287–297, 2012].

关键词：遗传多样性社会结构旅行者等位基因频率文化特质指南人群模型显示

Role of endoscopy in predicting the disease course in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第21期16卷 2626-2632页

作者： Matthieu Allez Marc lémann Department of Gastroenterology and Equipe AVENIR INSERM Saint-Louis HospitalAPHPUniversité Denis Diderot Paris 775010 ParisFrance

Endoscopy provides a direct evaluation of mucosal lesions in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),permitting the description of elementary lesions,their surface extent and *** severity of mucosal lesions directly reflects disease activity and may help to identify an aggressive behavior of the *** studies have recently pointed out the potential role of endoscopy in the prediction of IBD ***,severe endoscopic lesions in Crohn's disease(CD) patients,defined by deep and extensive ulcerations on at least one part of the colon,are associated with an increased risk of penetrating complication and *** endoscopic lesions during severe attacks of ulcerative colitis(UC) are associated with an increased risk of colectomy in the short and long *** of postoperative recurrence in CD may help to predict the risk of clinical relapse and need for further *** of mucosal healing,which can be obtained by administration of several types of drugs,is associated with a better outcome,less surgery and *** review focuses on the assessment of endoscopic severity in CD and UC and on the impact of endoscopic severity on disease *** specifically,we discuss how endoscopy can be used at different stages of IBD to predict the disease course and/or to adapt treatment strategies.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Colonoscopy Natural history Outcome Medical therapy Surgery

COVID-19后影像学肺部后遗症及与临床和功能性肺部评估的相关性：一项前瞻性队列研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第2期 254-254页

作者： S.Soliman H.Soliman M.Crézél P.Y.Brillet D.Montani l.Savale 朱婉秋

摘要目的 COVID-19是否会导致长期肺部后遗症尚不清楚。研究旨在评估COVID-19住院病人持续性放射学肺纤维化的患病率。方法该项前瞻性单中心研究收集了2020年

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Genetic and molecular changes in ovarian cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 236-247页

作者： Robert l Hollis Charlie Gourley Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh

Epithelial ovarian cancer represents the most lethal gynecological malignancy in the developed world, and can be divided into five main histological subtypes: high grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell, mucinous and low grade serous. These subtypes represent distinct disease entities, both clinically and at the molecular level. Molecular analysis has revealed significant genetic heterogeneity in ovarian cancer, particularly within the high grade serous subtype. As such, this subtype has been the focus of much research effort to date, revealing molecular subgroups at both the genomic and transcriptomic level that have clinical ***, stratification of ovarian cancer patients based on the underlying biology of their disease remains in its infancy. Here, we summarize the molecular changes that characterize the five main ovarian cancer subtypes, highlight potential opportunities for targeted therapeutic intervention and outline priorities for future research.

关键词：分子水平遗传异质性卵巢癌基础生物学临床意义浆液性恶性肿瘤发达国家

The Virosome as a Novel Concept for High Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (HP-PRRSV) Vaccines

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1215-1224页

作者： CAO Zhengand lü Feng-lin College of Bioengineering and Key lab of Biorheological Science and Technology Chongqing University

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV） is an envelope, positive, single-strand RNA virus and is a member of the Arteriviridae family, Nidovirales order. PRRSV is the viral pathogen responsible for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome （PRRS） and caused reproductive failure and high rate of late abortion and early farrowing in sows and respiratory disease in all age. In 2006, a large scale outbreak of atypical PRRS occurred in China is characterized by high fever （41-42℃）, high morbidity （50-100%） and high mortality （20-100%）. The disease was caused by a highly pathogenic PRRSV with a 30 amino acid deletions in its Nsp2 coding region. Because the PRRSV strains are genetically heterogeneous, and elicit delayed and weak cell-mediated immune （CMI） and antibody responses after vaccination the current vaccines are failed to provide sustainable disease control. Virosomes are virus-like particles, consisting of reconstituted virus envelopes without genetic material of the native virus. Since the virosomes has being similar to the original virus in terms of morphology and cell entry characteristics. Virosomes provide a vaccine platform that has the capacity to combine the antigen and an adjuvant within a single particle that could activate both the humoral and the cellular arm of the immune system. Furthermore, the virosomes are also providing a novel promising approach for the development of an efficacious vaccine against HP-PRRSV.

关键词： PRRSV virosome vaccines

PROM:A Support for Robust Replication in a Distributed Object Environment

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1990年第2期5卷 139-155页

作者： A.Corradi l.leonardi Dipartimento di Elettronico Informatica e SistemisticaUniversita' di BOLOGNA viale Risorgimento40136 BOLOGNAItaly

The concept of object can be employed to achieve tolerance to hardware faults in distributed *** by introducing several copies for each object allows a continuous service even in case of *** particular,the paper describes an object model,PROM,which exploits replication by defining sev- eral passive back-up copies for any *** system automatically recovers any failure of a copy in execu- tion by activating a spare copy and restarting it from a previous checkpoint. The aim of the paper is the analysis of the effective support for *** support is organized in structured levels on a distributed *** services that the support should include to guarantee the de- sired replication model are described.

关键词： Communication Manager Server Site Server Object Hardware Fault Replication Object