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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第2期19卷 185-195页

作者： Camden L.Hebson Kyle Bliton Amr Y.Hammouda Kaitlyn Barr W.Hampton Gray Mohini Gunnett Waldemar f.carlo Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric CardiologyUniversity of Alabama BirminghamBirmingham35233USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric PulmonologyUniversity of Alabama BirminghamBirmingham35233USA Department of Pediatrics University of Alabama BirminghamBirmingham35233USA Department of Surgery Division of Cardiothoracic SurgeryUniversity of Alabama BirminghamBirmingham35233USA

D-transposition of the great arteries(d-TGA)is surgically repaired with the arterial switch operation(ASO)with excellent results,however short and long-term morbidities still develop including neurocognitive *** significant central sleep apnea is uncommon in non-premature infants,but when present indicates immature autonomic control of respiration likely due to a neurologic *** report the unanticipatedfinding of central sleep apnea in four-term neonates with d-TGA after uncomplicated ASO,with the short-term complication of delayed hospital discharge and long-term concerns regarding this early marker of brain immaturity and its hindrance to normal *** this report,we will review each patient’s clinical course and then examine the literature on pediatric central sleep apnea,neurodevelopmental outcomes after ASO,and the important overlap of these entities in the care of patients going forward.

关键词： Transposition congenital heart disease sleep apnea polysomnography

国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足溃疡减压指南——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足防治国际指南(2019)》的一部分

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感染．炎症．修复 2019年第3期20卷 158-177页

作者： Sicco A.Bus David G.Armstrong Catherine Gooday Gustav Jarl carlo f.caravaggi Vijay Viswanathan Peter A.Lazzarini 无姜晓燕向柯旭徐俊邓武权(译) 许樟荣(审校) Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Academic Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Southwestern Academic Limb Salvage Alliance(SALSA) Department of SurgeryKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern California(USC)Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals UK Orebro University Sweden Diabetic foot Clinic Istituto Clinico CittàStudiMilanItaly Vita-Salute San Raffaele University MilanItaly MV Hospital for Diabetes Chennai India School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Allied Health Research Collaborative The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneAustralia International Working Group on the Diabetic foot(IWGDf) 重庆大学附属中心医院重庆400014 天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院天津300134 战略支援部队特色医学中心北京100101

1999年,国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDf)根据循证医学证据发表了采用减压治疗促进糖尿病足溃疡愈合的预防和管理指南,这一版指南是在此基础上的更新。我们遵循GRADE方法学,采用患者-干预-比较-结果(PICO)模式设计临床问题和关键的重要结局,... 详细信息

1999年,国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDf)根据循证医学证据发表了采用减压治疗促进糖尿病足溃疡愈合的预防和管理指南,这一版指南是在此基础上的更新。我们遵循GRADE方法学,采用患者-干预-比较-结果(PICO)模式设计临床问题和关键的重要结局,对医学科学文献进行系统评价分析后撰写了建议并阐述其理由。这些建议是基于系统评价、专家意见(尚无有效证据时)的基础上建立,并在患者依从性、可行性、实用性以及干预的成本等方面进行了利弊权衡。针对糖尿病患者前足或中足底的溃疡愈合,我们建议不可拆卸齐膝高减压装置作为减压治疗的首选。若出现禁忌或患者不耐受不可拆卸减压装置,则可拆卸齐膝高和齐踝高减压装置可作为二线或三线减压治疗方法。合适的鞋袜结合泡沫毡垫可被视为四线减压治疗选择。如果非外科手术减压失败,我们建议通过外科减压干预以促进跖骨头和足趾溃疡愈合。我们还增加了采用减压治疗促进合并感染、缺血的复杂足溃疡和足跟溃疡愈合的新的推荐意见。减压是促进糖尿病神经性足底溃疡愈合诸多干预措施中最重要的手段。遵循这些建议将帮助医务人员和团队,为那些具有感染、住院和截肢风险的糖尿病足溃疡患者提供更好的治疗。

关键词：糖尿病足足溃疡指南减压鞋具支具外科手术

Programming nonlinear propagation for efficient optical learning machines

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 73-83页

作者： Ilker Oguz Jih-Liang Hsieh Niyazi Ulas Dinc Ugur Tegin Mustafa Yildirim carlo Gigli Christophe Moser Demetri Psaltis École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Institute of Electrical and Micro EngineeringEcublensSwitzerland Koc University Department of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringIstanbulTurkey

The ever-increasing demand for training and inferring with larger machine-learning models requires more efficient hardware solutions due to limitations such as power dissipation and *** is a promising contender for providing lower power computation,since light propagation through a nonabsorbing medium is a lossless ***,to carry out useful and efficient computations with light,generating and controlling nonlinearity optically is a necessity that is still *** fibers(MMfs)have been shown that they can provide nonlinear effects with microwatts of average power while maintaining parallelism and low *** propose an optical neural network architecture that performs nonlinear optical computation by controlling the propagation of ultrashort pulses in MMf by wavefront *** a surrogate model,optimal sets of parameters are found to program this optical computer for different tasks with minimal utilization of an electronic *** show a remarkable decrease of 97%in the number of model parameters,which leads to an overall 99%digital operation reduction compared to an equivalently performing digital neural *** further demonstrate that a fully optical implementation can also be performed with competitive accuracies.

关键词： neural networks nonlinear optics fiber optics surrogate optimization neuromorphic computing wavefront shaping

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你的奖励由谁买单:信用卡市场的再分配

新金融 2024年第1期 59-66页

作者： Sumit Agarwal Andrea Presbitero Andre f.Silva carlo Wix 新加坡国立大学国际货币基金组织经济政策研究中心美国联邦储备委员会

将信用卡奖励作为一个理想的实验进行研究,以量化零售金融市场中消费者之间的再分配。通过对有奖励和无奖励的信用卡进行比较,可以发现:无论收入如何,成熟的消费者都能从有奖励的信用卡中获利,而有的消费者则要付出代价。为了探究其背... 详细信息

将信用卡奖励作为一个理想的实验进行研究,以量化零售金融市场中消费者之间的再分配。通过对有奖励和无奖励的信用卡进行比较,可以发现:无论收入如何,成熟的消费者都能从有奖励的信用卡中获利,而有的消费者则要付出代价。为了探究其背后的机制,本文利用银行在信用卡层面主动提高账户限额的方法进行研究。结果表明:奖励卡会诱发更多的消费,使消费者有更高的未付余额;消费者在偿还信用卡时还会遵循次优平衡匹配启发模式,从而产生更高的成本;银行通过提供比无奖励的同类信用卡更低的利率来激励消费者使用奖励卡;从教育程度较低的地区到较高的地区,从较贫穷的地区到较富裕的地区,信用卡奖励以重新分配的方式扩大了现有的差距。本刊编译此篇美联储的工作论文,以期就信用卡相关问题为读者带来启发。

关键词：消费金融信用卡金融复杂性用卡奖励

Antioxidant treatment for oligoasthenoteratozoospermia and varicocele:a DBPC trial to evaluate the impact of age and body mass index

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 239-244页

作者： Gian Maria Busetto Bernarde f Rodrigues Ashraf Virmani Andrea Checchia Antonella Ninivaggi Anna Ricapito Giovanni Barbieri Piero fischetti Ugo G falagario Pasquale Annese Nicola d’Altilia Vito Mancini Matteo ferro felice Crocetto Angelo Porreca carlo Bettocchi Luigi Cormio Ashok Agarwal Giuseppe Carrieri University of foggia Foggia 71122Italy Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation Policlinico of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy Department of Urology Human Reproduction SectionFederal University of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05403-000Brazil Alfasigma Healthscience Utrecht 3528 BGThe Netherlands Urology Unit “G.Tatarella”HospitalCerignola 71042Italy Urology Unit European Institute of Oncology(IEO)IRCCSMilan 20142Italy University of Naples federico II Naples80126Italy Department of Oncological Urology Veneto Institute of Oncology(IOV)IRCCSPadua 35039Italy Urology Unit “L.Bonomo”HospitalAndria 70031Italy Global Andrology forum Moreland HillsOH 44022USA

Oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms responsible for male *** conditions such as varicocele,obesity,advanced age,and lifestyle can lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species,causing an oxidative imbalance in the *** are sensitive to reactive oxygen species and require energy to carry out their main function of fertilizingthe *** reactive oxygen species can affect sperm metabolism,leading to immobility,impaired acrosome reaction,and celldeath,thereby impairing reproductive *** double-blind randomized study evaluated the effect of supplementation withL-carnitine,acetyl-L-carnitine,vitamins,and other nutrients on semen quality in 104 infertile patients with or without varicocele,while also investigating the impact of factors such as obesity and advanced age on *** concentration significantlyincreased in the supplemented group compared to the placebo group(P=0.0186).Total sperm count also significantly increasedin the supplemented group(P=0.0117),as did sperm motility(P=0.0120).The treatment had a positive effect on patients upto 35 years of age in terms of sperm concentration(P=0.0352),while a body mass index(BMI)above 25 kg m^(−2) had a negativeeffect on sperm concentration(P=0.0110).Results were not showing a net benefit in stratifying patients in accordance withtheir BMI since sperm quality increase was not affected by this *** conclusion,antioxidant supplementation may bebeneficial for infertile patients and has a more positive effect on younger patients with a normal weight.

关键词： aging antioxidants body mass index oligoasthenoteratozoospermia varicocele

Injectable versus oral first-line multiple sclerosis therapies:knows and unknowns from observational studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 567-568页

作者： Emanuele D’Amico Aurora Zanghì carlo Avolio Department“G.f.Ingrassia” MS CenterUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Foggia Multiple Sclerosis Center Department of NeurosciencesPoliclinico Riuniti HospitalFoggiaItaly

The approval of oral disease modifying therapies(DMTs) for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis(RRMS) has changed considerably the therapeutic scenario and they often represent the first therapeutic choice for patie... 详细信息

关键词： al. therapies sclerosis

Physics-informed neural networks for diffraction tomography

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Advanced Photonics 2022年第6期4卷 44-55页

作者： Amirhossein Saba carlo Gigli Ahmed B.Ayoub Demetri Psaltis École Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Optics LaboratoryLausanneSwitzerland

We propose a physics-informed neural network(PINN)as the forward model for tomographic reconstructions of biological *** demonstrate that by training this network with the Helmholtz equation as a physical loss,we can predict the scattered field *** will be shown that a pretrained network can be fine-tuned for different samples and used for solving the scattering problem much faster than other numerical *** evaluate our methodology with numerical and experimental *** PINNs can be generalized for any forward and inverse scattering problem.

关键词： deep learning physics-informed neural networks scattering three-dimensional imaging optical diffraction tomography

Tidal drag and westward drift of the lithosphere

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Geoscience frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 102-116页

作者： Vincenzo Nesi Oscar Bruno Davide Zaccagnino Corrado Mascia carlo Doglioni Dipartimento di Matematica Guido Castelnuovo Piazzale Aldo Moro5Roma 00185Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Via di Vigna Murata605Roma 00143Italy Computing and Mathematical Sciences Department Caltech1200 E.California Blvd.MC 305-16Pasadena 91125CAUSA Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Piazzale Aldo Moro5Roma 00185Italy

Tidal forces are generally neglected in the discussion about the mechanisms driving plate tectonics despite a worldwide geodynamic asymmetry also observed at subduction and rift *** tidal drag could theoretically explain the westerly shift of the lithosphere relative to the underlying ***,viscosity in the asthenosphere is apparently too high to allow mechanical decoupling produced by tidal ***,we propose a model for global scale geodynamics accompanied by numerical simulations of the tidal interaction of the Earth with the Moon and the *** provide for the first time a theoretical proof that the tidal drag can produce a westerly motion of the lithosphere,also compatible with the slowing of the Earth’s rotational *** results suggest a westerly rotation of the lithosphere with a lower bound ofω≈(0.1-0.2)°/Myr in the presence of a basal effective shear viscosityη≈10^(16)Pa-s,but it may rise toω>1°/Myr with a viscosity ofη≈≤3×10^(14)Pa-s within the Low-Velocity Zone(LVZ)atop the *** faster velocity would be more compatible with the mainstream of plate motion and the global asymmetry at plate *** on these computations,we suggest that the super-adiabatic asthenosphere,being vigorously convecting,may further reduce the viscous coupling within the LVZ Therefore,the combination of solid Earth tides,ultra-low viscosity LVZ and asthenospheric polarized small-scale convection may mechanically satisfy the large-scale decoupling of the lithosphere relative to the underlying *** plate motions are explained because of lateral viscosity heterogeneities at the base of the lithosphere,which determine variable lithosphere-asthenosphere decoupling and plate interactions,hence plate tectonics.

关键词： Tidal drag Plate motions Polarized plate tectonics Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction

Locomotor adaptations in Plio-Pleistocene large carnivores from the Italian Peninsula： Palaeoecological implications

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动物学报：英文版 2011年第3期57卷 269-283页

作者： carlo MELORO Hull York Medical School The University of Hull Loxley Building Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX UK

Mammalian carnivores are rarely considered for environmental reconstructions because they are extremely adaptable and their geographic range is usually large. However, the functional morphology of carnivore long bones can be indicative of locomotor behaviour as well as adaptation to specific kind of habitats. Here, different long bone ratios belonging to a subsample of extant large carnivores are used to infer palaeoecology of a comparative sample of Plio-Pleistocene fossils belonging to Italian paleo-communities. A multivariate long bone shape space reveals similarities between extant and fossil carnivores and multiple logistic regression models suggest that specific indices (the brachial and the Mt/f) can be applied to predict adaptations to grassland and tropical biomes. These functional indices exhibit also a phylogenetic signal to different degree. The brachial index is a significant predictor of adaptations to tropical biomes when phylogeny is taken into account, while Mt/f is not correlated anymore to habitat adaptations. However, the proportion of grassland-adapted carnivores in Italian paleo-communities exhibits a negative relationship with mean oxygen isotopic values, which are indicative of past climatic oscillations. As climate became more unstable during the Ice Ages, large carnivore guilds from the Italian peninsula were invaded by tropical/closed-adapted species. These species take advantage of the temperate forest cover that was more spread after 1.0 Ma than in the initial phase of the Quaternary (2.0 Ma) when the climate was more arid.

关键词：食肉动物运动行为意大利上新世更新世修改 logistic回归模型食肉类动物

Biomimetics of Campaniform Sensilla:Measuring Strain from the Deformation of Holes

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2007年第2期4卷 63-76页

作者： Julian f. V. Vincent Sally E. Clift carlo Menon Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of BathBath BA2 7AYUK Advanced Concepts Team European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkThe Netherlands

We present a bio-inspired strategy for designing embedded strain sensors in space structures. In insects, the campaniform sensillum is a hole extending through the cuticle arranged such that its shape changes in response to loads. The shape change is rotated through 90° by the suspension of a bell-shaped cap whose deflection is detected by a cell beneath the cuticle. It can be sensitive to displacements of the order of 1 nm. The essential morphology, a hole formed in a plate of fibrous composite mate- rial, was modelled by Skordos et al. who showed that global deformation of the plate （which can be flat, curved or a tube） induces higher local deformation of the hole due to its locally higher compliance. further developments reported here show that this approach can be applied to groups of holes relative to their orientation. , The morphology of the sensillum in insects suggests that greater sensitivity can be achieved by arranging several holes in a regular pattern; that if the hole is oval it can be ＂aimed＂ to sense specific strain directions; and that either by controlling the shape of the hole or its relationship with other holes it can have a tuned response to dynamic strains. We investigate space applications in which novel bio-inspired strain sensors could successfully be used.

关键词： campaniform sensillum strain displacement compliance hole remote sensing fibrous composite