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A Spectrophotometric Analysis of Human Osteoarthritic cartilage Explants Subjected to Specific capacitively coupled Electric Fields

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2013年第2期3卷 158-164页

作者： carl T. Brighton Wei Wang charles c. clark Amy Praestgaard Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA

We have previously shown that capacitively coupled electrical stimulation of either normal bovine articular chondrocytes or osteoarthritic human articular cartilage explants resulted in up-regulation of cartilage matrix gene expression and down-regulation of metalloproteinase gene expression. In addition, collagen and proteoglycan protein levels were also elevated. To determine visually the effect of specific electric fields on modifying cartilage structure, freshly harvested human full-thickness osteoarthritic cartilage explants were stimulated in the absence or presence of interleukin-1β, an inflammatory cytokine, and were examined photographically and spectrophotometrically. Hexosamine and hydroxyproline contents were also determined. Spectrophotometric analysis was used to quantify any changes in the depth of defects in the cartilage ranging from surface level (red-colored) to the deepest affected layer (blue-colored). Interleukin-1β treatment alone caused significant additional cartilage erosion. Electrical stimulation alone resulted in significant decreases in the cartilage defects. Electrical stimulation in the presence of interleukin-1β resulted in a small, but significant, surface improvement. Meta-analysis also confirmed a significant increase in the hexosamine and hydroxyproline contents (indicating matrix deposition). It was concluded that an appropriate electric field could modify osteoarthritic lesions in full-thickness cartilage plugs by increasing matrix production and/or by decreasing matrix destruction. Furthermore, it appears that spectrophotometric analysis is a relatively easy method for quantifying the “filling in” or healing of articular cartilage defects.

关键词： Osteoarthritis cartilage Explants capacitive coupling Spectrophotometry Disease Modification

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Immune response-related genes associated to blocking midgut dengue virus infection in Aedes aegypti strains that differ in susceptibility

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 635-648页

作者： Paola A. caicedo Idalba Mildred Serrato Shuzhen Sim George Dimopoulos Heather coatsworth carl Lowenberger clara B. Ocampo centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Medicas (cIDEIM) Cali Colombia 2W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada

Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti, the principal global vector of dengue viruses, has difTerences in its susceptibility to dengue virus infection. We compared the global expres? sion of genes in the midguts of colombian Ae. aegypti dengue-susceptible (cali-S) and dengue-refractory (cali-MIB) field derived strains after ingesting either a sugarmeal, a bloodmeal, or a bloodmeal containing dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2). Microarraybased transcriptome analysis among treatments indicated a total of 4725 transcripts with differential expression between the two strains. Eleven genes were selected from different functional groups based on their significant up or down expression levels as well as reports in the literature suggesting they are associated with dengue virus elimination. We measured mRNA abundance of these 11 genes at 0, 8, 24, and 36 h postinfection using quantitative real time PcR (qPcR) to confirm the microarray results and assess any temporal patterns. Four genes were selected (Gram-negative binding protein—GNBP [AAEL009176], Niemann Pick Type-c2一NPc2 [AAEL015136], Keratinocyte lectin [AAEL009842], and cathepsin-b [AAEL007585]) for knockdown experiments using RNA interference (RNAi) methodology to determine the phenotype (DENV-2 susceptible or refractory). Silencing GNBP、cathepsin-b and Keratinocyte lectin reduced the percentage of mosquitoes with disseminated virus in the cali-S strain to 8%, 20%, and 12% respectively compared with 96% in the controls. Sile ncing of NPc2 increased the percentage of mosquitos with disseminated virus infections in cali-MIB to 66% compared with 35% in the controls. This study provides in sight into genes that may contribute to the cali-S susceptible and cali-MIB refractory phenotypes in 昇匕 aegypti.

关键词： Aedes aegypti dengue virus innate immune response knockdown microarray vector competence

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canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 103-134页

作者： Kevin Qin Michael Yu Jiaming Fan Hongwei Wang Piao Zhao Guozhi Zhaoo Wei Zeng connie chen Yonghui Wang Annie Wang Zander Schwartz Jeffrey Hong Lily Song William Wagstaff Rex c.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherwin H.Ho Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-chuan He Lewis L.Shi chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Interventional Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China Department of clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China School of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA Laboratory of craniofacial Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and *** Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either throughβ-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the nonca-nonical *** of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body,establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling *** crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ ***-regulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems,including cancer and embryological defects,and can even cause embryonic *** complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic ***,both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be *** review synthesized much of the current knowl-edge on the Wnt signaling pathway,beginning with the history of Wnt *** thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling,including canonical,noncanonical Wnt/PcP,and the noncanonical Wnt/ca2+*** description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular ***,this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.

关键词： β-catenin canonical Wnt Noncanonical Wnt Signal transduction Signaling crosstalk

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The modifying influence of HLA classⅡDQB1^(*)06:02 on the Streptococcus and clinical phenotype correlation among anti-Ro+mothers of children with neonatal lupus

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1169-1171页

作者： Robert M.clancy carla J.Guthridge Miranda c.Marion Joel Guthridge Timothy D.Howard Peter M.Izmirly Mala Masson Jill P.Buyon Judith A.James carl D.Langefeld Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyNYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016USA Arthritis and clinical Immunology Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK 73104USA Department of Biostatistics and Data Science Wake Forest School of MedicineWinstone SalemNC 27101USA center for Precision Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinstoneSalemNC 27101USA Department of Biochemistry Wake Forest School of MedicineWinstoneSalemNC 27101USA

The genus Streptococcus,a gram-positive bacterium,con-tains species associated with immune activation at morbid outcomes,including scarlet fever,endocarditis,meningitis,and rheumatic *** both stool and saliva,there is a pos-itive correlation between Streptococcus abundance and Sjogren’s syndrome(SS)and systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).

关键词： lupus mother fever Streptococcus

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An Empirical Bayes Approach to Robust Variance Estimation: A Statistical Proposal for Quantitative Medical Image Testing

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Open Journal of Statistics 2012年第3期2卷 260-268页

作者： Zhan-Qian John Lu charles Fenimore Ronald H Gottlieb carl c. Jaffe Boston University Boston MA USA National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg MD USA University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA

The current standard for measuring tumor response using X-ray, cT and MRI is based on the response evaluation criterion in solid tumors (REcIST) which, while providing simplifications over previous (WHO) 2-D methods, stipulate four response categories: cR (complete response), PR (partial response), PD (progressive disease), SD (stable disease) based purely on percentage changes without consideration of any measurement uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a statistical procedure for tumor response assessment based on uncertainty measures of radiologist’s measurement data. We present several variance estimation methods using time series methods and empirical Bayes methods when a small number of serial observations are available on each member of a group of subjects. We use a publically available database which contains a set of over 100 cT scan images on 23 patients with annotated REcIST measurements by two radiologist readers. We show that despite of bias in each individual reader’s measurements, statistical decisions on tumor change can be made on each individual subject. The consistency of the two readers can be established based on the intra-reader change assessments. Our proposal compares favorably with the REcIST standard protocol, raising the hope that, statistically sound decision on change analysis can be made in future based on careful variability and measurement uncertainty analysis.

关键词： REcIST Quantitative Imaging as a Biomarker change Analysis Lung cT Image Measurement Inter-Reader and Intra-Reader Variability Time Series Variance Estimation Estimation of Many Variances Statistical Decision Rule on change

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On the Metric of Space-Time

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Journal of Modern Physics 2013年第11期4卷 1511-1518页

作者： carl E. Wulfman Department of Physics University of the Pacific Stockton USA

Maxwell’s equations are obeyed in a one-parameter group of isotropic gravity-free flat space-times whose metric depends upon the value of the group parameter. An experimental determination of this value has been proposed. If it is zero, the metric is Minkowski’s. If it is non-zero, the metric is not Poincare invariant and local frequencies of electromagnetic waves change as they propagate. If the group parameter is positive, velocity-independent red-shifts develop and the group parameter play a role similar to that of Hubble’s constant in determining the relation of these red-shifts to propagation distance. In the resulting space-times, the velocity-dependence of red shifts is a function of propagation distance. If 2c times the group parameter and Hubble’s constant have approximately the same value, observed frequency shifts in radiation received from stellar sources can imply source velocities quite different from those implied in Minkowski space. Electromagnetic waves received from bodies in galactic Kepler orbits undergo frequency shifts which are indistinguishable from shifts currently attributed to dark matter and dark energy in Minkowski space, or to a non-Newtonian physics.

关键词： Space-Time Metric Hubble Dark Matter Red Shift Astrophysics Electrodynamics

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Visual Basic 6.0 Internet编程指南

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丛书名：计算机技术译林精选系列

1999年

作者：（美）（c.富兰克林）carl Franklin 潇湘工作室译

本书首先详细说明了发送和接收电子邮件、访问FTP和Usenet的高级工具等方面的知识，之后向读者详细介绍如何利用Visual Basic进行编码来发关数据与处理的数据，开发出自己的服务端与客户端应用程序，以记问Internet上流行的服务。

ISBN: (纸本)7115081530

关键词：互连网络 BASIc语言程序设计

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Re-evaluating monazite as a record of metamorphic reactions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 237-254页

作者： Kyle P.Larson Sudip Shrestha John M.cottle carl Guilmette T.Alex Johnson H.Daniel Gibson Félix Gervais Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia Okanagan3247 University WayKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada Fipke Laboratory for Trace Element Research University of British Columbia Okanagan3247 University WayKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada Department of Earth Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106-9630USA Géologie et Génie Géologique UniversitéLavalQuébec CityQuebecCanada Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser University8888 University DriveBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada Départment des Génies civil Géologique et des MinesPolytechnique MontréalMontréalQC H3T 1J4Canada

This study presents a re-examination of historical specimens(DG136 and DG167)from the Monashee complex in the southeastern canadian cordillera that are critical to the current understanding of rare earth element(REE)distribution between garnet and monazite(and other accessory minerals)during ***-hundred and fifty-one new monazite petrochronology spot analyses on 29 different grains across two specimens outline detailed(re)crystallization *** element data collected from the same ablated volume,interpreted in the context of new phase equilibria modelling that includes monazite,xenotime and apatite,link ages to specific portions of the pressure-temperature(P-T)paths followed by the *** linkages are further informed by garnet Lu-Hf geochronology and xenotime *** clockwise P-T paths indicate prograde metamorphism was ongoing by ca.80 Ma in both *** structurally deeper specimen,DG136,records peak P-T conditions of~755-770℃and 8.8-10.4 kbar,interpreted to coincide with(re-)crystallization of low Y monazite at~75-70 ***-rim garnet isopleths from DG167 cross in the observed peak assemblage field at~680℃ and 9.3 *** conditions are interpreted to correspond with low Y monazite(re-)crystallisation at~65 *** specimens record decompression along their retrograde path coincident with high Y 70-55 Ma and 65-55 Ma monazite populations in DG136 and DG167,*** findings broadly agree with those initially reported~20 years ago and confirm early interpretations using trace elements in monazite as generally reliable markers of metamorphic *** phase equilibria modelling and in situ petrochronological analysis,however,provide additional insight into monazite behaviour during anatexis and the effects of potential trace element buffering by REE-bearing phases such as apatite.

关键词： Monazite petrochronology Phase equilibria modelling Geochronology P-T-t paths

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Fixing the reference frame for PPMXL proper motions using extragalactic sources

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第6期15卷 849-859页

作者： Kathleen Grabowski Jeffrey L. carlin Heidi Jo Newberg Timothy c. Beers Li chen Li-cai Deng carl J. Grillmair Puragra Guhathakurta Jin-Liang Hou Yong-Hui Hou Se'bastien Le'pine chao Liu Xiao-Wei Liu A-Li Luo Martin c. Smith Brian Yanny Hao-Tong Zhang Yong Zhang Zheng Zheng Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180 USA Department of Physics and JINA: Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics University of Notre Dame 225 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Key Lab of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Spitzer Science center 1200 E. California Blvd. Pasadena CA 91125 USA UcO/Lick Observatory Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz CA 95064 USA Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics and Astronomy Georgia State University 25 Park Place Suite 605Atlanta GA 30303 USA Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Department of Astronomy Peking University Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O. Box 500 Batavia IL 60510 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah

We quantify and correct systematic errors in PPMXL proper motions using extragalactic sources from the first two LAMOST data releases and the Vbron-cetty ＆ Vebron catalog of Quasars. Although the majority of the sources are from the Veron catalog, LAMOST makes important contributions in regions that are not well-sampled by previous catalogs, particularly at low Galactic latitudes and in the south Galactic cap. We show that quasars in PPMXL have measurable and significant proper motions, which reflect the systematic zero-point offsets present in the catalog. We confirm the global proper motion shifts seen by Wu et al., and additionally find smaller-scale fluctuations of the QSO-derived corrections to an absolute frame. We average the proper motions of 158 106 extragalactic objects in bins of 3° ×3° and present a table of proper motion corrections.

关键词： catalogs -- proper motions -- surveys LAMOST

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Hierarchically Structured Nanocomposites via a“Systems Materials Science”Approach

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第12期3卷 1248-1259页

作者： Rebecca L.Li carl J.Thrasher Theodore Hueckel Robert J.Macfarlane Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139United States

cONSPEcTUS:Nanocomposite materials can achieve desirable characteristics otherwise unavailable to single component systems,making them attractive platforms to precisely modulate a material’s mechanical,electromagnetic,thermal,and optical *** these properties are often dependent on the organization of constituent materials just as much as their relative composition,intentionally programming composite properties requires hierarchical structural control across many length ***,the fundamental forces governing the atomic,molecular,nanoscale,microscale,and macroscale composition and structure of a material are all interlinked,and thus must be manipulated simultaneously to properly create ideal designer materials.

关键词： properties composite composites

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