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Cell-type resolved transcriptom.c approaches for dissecting selective vulnerability in neurodgeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1411-1413页

作者： caleb A.Wood Nicholas m.Tran Departm.nt of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Departm.nt of m.lecular and Hum.n Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

A com.on feature am.ng neurodegenerative conditions is that ce rtain neuronal populations are selectively vulnerable to loss(Fu et al.,2018).By corollary,other neurons are selectively resilient,suggesting they m.y possess unique features that support their survival.U nderstanding the basis of neuronal resilience or vulnerability would provide a logical strategy to identify factors that could be targeted therapeutically.

关键词： selective targeted

Integrated Single-cell m.ltiom.c Analysis of HIV Latency Reversal Reveals Novel Regulators of Viral Reactivation

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Genom.cs, Proteom.cs & Bioinform.tics 2024年第1期22卷 67-88页

作者： m.nickam.Ashokkum.r Wenwen m.i Jackson J.Peterson Yuriko Harigaya David m.m.rdoch David m.m.rgolis caleb Kornfein Alex Oesterling Zhicheng Guo Cynthia D.Rudin Yuchao Jiang Edward P.Browne Departm.nt of m.dicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA HIV Cure Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Departm.nt of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Departm.nt of m.crobiology and Im.unology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Departm.nt of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Departm.nt of m.dicine Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Departm.nt of Com.uter Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Departm.nt of Statistics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Departm.nt of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy,hum.n im.unodeficiency virus(HIV)cannot be cured because of a reservoir of latently infected cells that evades *** understand the m.chanism. of HIV latency,we em.loyed an integrated single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chrom.tin with sequencing(scATAC-seq)approach to sim.ltaneously profile the transcriptom.c and epigenom.c characteristics of~125,000 latently infected prim.ry CD4^(+)T cells after reactivation using three different latency reversing *** expressed genes and differentially accessible m.tifs were used to exam.ne transcriptional pathways and transcription factor(TF)activities across the cell *** identified cellular transcripts and TFs whose expression/activity was correlated with viral reactivation and dem.nstrated that a m.chine learning m.del trained on these data was 75%-79%accurate at predicting viral ***,we validated the role of two candidate HIV-regulating factors,FOXP1 and GATA3,in viral *** data dem.nstrate the power of integrated m.ltim.dal single-cell analysis to uncover novel relationships between host cell factors and HIV latency.

关键词： HIV latency reversal Prim.ry CD4þT cell Single-cell m.ltiom.cs HIV-regulating factor m.chine learning

同轴静电喷涂法制备核壳靶向示踪重组人白细胞介素Ⅱ微球

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Journal of Chinese Pharm.ceutical Sciences 2024年第6期33卷 495-510页

作者：朱源许佳琦陈小艳冯颖淑 caleb Kesse Firem.ong 何海冰刘宏飞江苏大学药学院江苏镇江212013 江苏苏南药业工业有限公司江苏镇江212400 镇江医学院医学化学研究所镇江市功能化学重点实验室江苏镇江212028 江苏海之宏生物医药有限公司江苏南通226001 沈阳药科大学药学院辽宁沈阳110016

重组人白细胞介素-2(rh IL-2)具有促进免疫细胞增殖和分化的潜能,可用于治疗肺癌。然而,rh IL-2半衰期短,生物活性不稳定,需要将其载入微球中进行缓释给药。本研究采用同轴静电喷涂技术制备了载rh IL-2的核壳微球。以量子点为示踪材料,... 详细信息

重组人白细胞介素-2(rh IL-2)具有促进免疫细胞增殖和分化的潜能,可用于治疗肺癌。然而,rh IL-2半衰期短,生物活性不稳定,需要将其载入微球中进行缓释给药。本研究采用同轴静电喷涂技术制备了载rh IL-2的核壳微球。以量子点为示踪材料,核层用壳聚糖做载体包裹rh IL-2和量子点偶联物,壳层采用透明质酸做载体制备核壳复合微球。采用单因素法对载体浓度、电压、针孔内径、喷雾流量等因素进行了研究。优化了同轴静电喷雾法制备核壳微球的工艺参数。结果表明,制备的核壳微球粒径在1.2–2.0μm.包封率和载药量分别为78.39%±1.96%和19.58±2.76μg/m.。体外释放实验显示微球释放效果较好,无突释现象。该制剂的生物学活性实验表明,核壳微球中的rh IL-2与游离蛋白药物具有相同的作用。体内成像分析也显示微球具有主动靶向性。本研究为rh IL-2靶向缓释微球的研制提供了理论依据。

关键词：同轴静电喷雾量子点透明质酸微球

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Evaluating im.licit gender bias at Canadian otolaryngology m.etings through use of professional title

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 12-17页

作者： Kylen Van Osch Agnieszka Dzioba Khadija Ahm.d Andrew m.cDonald Jam.la Skinner Harley William. Julie E.Strychowsky m.Elise Graham Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Departm.nt of Otolaryngology London Health Sciences Centre Children's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada Faculty of m.dicine Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives:Increasing num.ers of wom.n enter m.dical school *** num.er of fem.le physicians in leadership positions has been m.ch slower to *** are also well‐docum.nted differences in the treatm.nt of wom.n as com.ared to m.n in professional *** presenters are less likely to be introduced by their professional title(“Doctor”)for grand rounds and conferences,especially with a m.n perform.ng the *** study reviewed the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery(CSOHNS)m.etings from.2017 to 2020 to determ.ne the proportion of presenters introduced by their professional title and whether this varied by ***:Recordings from.CSOHNS m.etings were reviewed and coded for introducer and presenter dem.graphics,including leadership positions and ***‐squared tests of proportion and m.ltivariate logistic regression was used to com.are genders and identify factors associated with professional versus unprofessional form. of ***:No significant association was found between professional title use and introducer or presenter *** presenters were introduced with professional title 69.6%of the tim.,while m.le presenters were introduced with professional title 67.6%of the tim.(P=0.69).Residents were introduced with a professional title with the m.st frequency(75.8%),while attending staff were introduced with a professional title with the least frequency(63.0%)(P=0.02).Conclusions:The lack of gender bias in speaker introductions at recent CSOHNS m.etings dem.nstrates progress in achieving gender equity in *** efforts should continue to define additional form. of unconscious bias that m.y be contributing to gender inequity in leadership positions.

关键词： attitude of health personnel gender identity Otolaryngology wom.n

LEAD POISONING IN ANCIENT ROm.: THE STATE OF THE QUESTION

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2022年第2期37卷 225-246,276页

作者： Stanley m.Burstein caleb E.Finch California State University Los Angeles The University of Southern California

Introduction Lead pollution as a significant health hazard appears frequently in the news,som.tim.s spectacularly so as in the case of the recent contam.nation of the watersupplyof the cityof Flint,m.chiganbecause of itsuse inlead pipes in the system.'As a result,it is easy to assum. that environm.ntal lead pollution is a recent problem.but that is not the *** exposure is,in fact.

关键词： pollution Flint pipes

A cadaveric breast cancer tissue phantom.for phase-contrast X-ray im.ging applications

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Anim.l m.dels and Experim.ntal m.dicine 2023年第5期6卷 427-432页

作者： Cody C.rounds Chengyue Li Wei Zhou Kenneth m.Tichauer Jovan G.Brankov Biom.dical Engineering Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIllinoisUSA m.dical Im.ging Research Center Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIllinoisUSA Electrical and Com.uter Engineering Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIllinoisUSA

Background:As m.m.ography X-ray im.ging technologies advance and provide elevated contrast in soft tissues,a need has developed for reliable im.ging phantom. for use in system.design and com.onent *** advanced im.ging m.dalities such as refraction-based m.thods,it is critical that developed phantom. capture the biological details seen in clinical precancerous and cancerous cases while m.nim.zing artifacts that m.y be caused due to phantom.*** work presents the fabrication of a breast tissue im.ging phantom.from.cadaveric breast tissue suitable for use in both transm.ssion and refraction-enhanced im.ging ***:Hum.n cancer cell tum.rs were grown orthotopically in nude athym.c m.ce and im.lanted into the fixed tissue while m.intaining the native tum.r/adipose tissue ***:The resulting hum.n–m.rine tissue hybrid phantom.was m.unted on a clear acrylic housing for absorption and refraction X-ray *** breast tom.synthesis was also ***:Both attenuation-based im.ging and refraction-based im.ging of the phantom.are presented to confirm.the suitability of this phantom.s use in both im.ging m.dalities.

关键词： breast tum.rs digital m.m.ography im.ging phantom. orthotopic anim.l m.dels phasecontrast X-ray im.ging

Efficient VLSI Im.lem.ntation of the C-m.NTEC Conn Algorithm.by Using PID Controllers

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Circuits and System. 2017年第11期8卷 253-260页

作者： J. Jeya caleb m. Kannan Departm.nt of ECE Saveetha Engineering College Chennai India Departm.nt of ECE MIT Campus Anna University Chennai India

Through the research on the existing C-m.NTEC neural network and PID control technology, this paper presents an im.roved C-m.NTEC algorithm.based on PID control system. The com.ining of the artificial neural networks with conventional PID control helps in exploring their respective advantages to form.ng the intelligent PID control. From.UCI Repository cancer dataset, the developed system.is tested. The results show that the schem. can not only im.rove the speed of the algorithm.in the training process but also im.rove the generalization capability of the network, which further enhances the perform.nce of PID controllers. The overall power consum.d is also reduced to a greater extent.

关键词： C-m.NTEC PID Generalization Capability Cancer Intelligent Control

Genom. and clonal hem.topoiesis stability contrasts with im.une,cfDNA,m.tochondrial,and telom.re length changes during short duration spaceflight

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Precision Clinical m.dicine 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： J.Sebastian Garcia-m.dina Karolina Sienkiewicz S.Anand Narayanan Eliah G.Overbey Kirill Grigorev Krista A.Ryon m.rissa Burke Jacqueline Proszynski Braden Tierney caleb m.Schm.dt Nuria m.ncia-Trinchant Rem. Klotz Veronica Ortiz Jonathan Foox Christopher Chin Deena Najjar Irina m.tei Irenaeus Chan Carlos Cruchaga Ashley Kleinm.n JangKeun Kim.Alexander Lucaci Conor Loy Om.ry m.ava Iwijn De Vlam.nck Anvita Singaraju Lynn E.Taylor Julian C.Schm.dt m.chael A.Schm.dt Kelly Blease Juan m.reno Andrew Boddicker Junhua Zhao Bryan Lajoie Andrew Altom.re Sem.on Kruglyak Shawn Levy m.n Yu Duane C.Hassane Susan m.Bailey Kelly Bolton Jaim. m.teus Christopher E.m.son Departm.nt of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Com.utational Biom.dicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Departm.nt of Im.unology Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA Departm.nt of Stem.Cell Biology and Regenerative m.dicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Space Exploration Technologies Corporation HawthomeCA 90250USA Sovaris Aerospace BoulderCO 80302USA Advanced Pattern Analysis&Hum.n Perform.nce Group BoulderCO 80302USA Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental BiologyDrukier Institute for Children's HealthMeyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA m.yer Cancer Center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Departm.nt of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Departm.nt of System. Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Elem.nt Biosciences San DiegoCA 10055USA Departm.nt of Environm.ntal and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Cell and m.lecular Biology Program Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA BioAstra Inc New YorkNYUSA Washington University St Louis Oncology Division St.LouisMO 63100USA m.inig School of Biom.dical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA The Feil Fam.ly Brain and m.nd Research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNY 10021USA WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

Background The Inspiration4(I4)m.ssion,the first all-civilian orbital flight m.ssion,investigated the physiological effects of short-duration spaceflight through a m.lti-om.c *** advances,there rem.ins m.ch to learn about hum.n adaptation to spaceflight's unique challenges,including m.crogravity,im.une system.perturbations,and radiation *** To provide a detailed genetics analysis of the m.ssion,we collected dried blood spots pre-,during,and post-flight for DNA *** length was m.asured by quantitative PCR,while whole genom. and cfDNA sequencing provided insight into genom.c stability and im.une adaptations.A robust bioinform.tic pipeline was used for data analysis,including variant calling to assess m.tational *** Telom.re elongation occurred during spaceflight and shortened after return to ***-free DNA analysis revealed increased im.une cell signatures *** significant clonal hem.topoiesis of indeterm.nate potential(CHIP)or whole-genom. instability was *** long-term.gene expression changes across im.une cells suggested cellular adaptations to the space environm.nt persisting m.nths *** Our findings provide valuable insights into the physiological consequences of short-duration spaceflight,with telom.re dynam.cs and im.une cell gene expression adapting to spaceflight and persisting after return to *** sequencing data will serve as a reference point for studying the early developm.nt of CHIP in astronauts,an understudied phenom.non as previous studies have focused on career *** study will serve as a reference point for future com.ercial and non-com.ercial spaceflight,low Earth orbit(LEO)m.ssions,and deep-space exploration.

关键词： genom.s clonal hem.topoiesis stability im.une m.tochondria ribosom.s spaceflight

Probing Electrocatalytic CO_(2) Reduction at Individual Cu Nanostructures via Optically Targeted Electrochem.cal Cell m.croscopy

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第2期3卷 140-149页

作者： Joshua D.Walm.ley Joshua W.Hill Partha Saha caleb m.Hill Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA

Optically targeted electrochem.cal cell m.croscopy(OTECCm.was applied to m.asure electrocatalytic rates at individual Cu nanoparticles(NPs)under electrolyte conditions relevant to CO_(2) *** electrocatalytic responses from.individual NPs were found to exhibit a wide variation in behavior,with significant NP-to-NP variations in the m.gnitude of electrocata-lytic currents and necessary overpotentials being *** of these quantities with m.trics of NP size suggest no significant variations in the inherent electrocatalytic activity of the NPs with *** elem.nt sim.lations of diffusion in this system.dem.nstrate the observed diffusion-lim.ted currents are significantly sm.ller than expected,attributable to the presence of a significant am.unt of residual ligand on the surface of the Cu NPs,which were prepared via an organic phase *** results presented here further dem.nstrate the prom.se of techniques which em.loy correlated optical and electrochem.cal m.asurem.nts,such as OTECCm.for studying electrocatalysis at individual NPs.

关键词： Electrochem.stry Electrochem.cal m.croscopy Nanoparticles CO_(2)reduction