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Florivory by the occupants of phytotelmata in flower parts can decrease host plant fecundity

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current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 69-79页

作者： caio c.c.MISSAGIA Maria Alice S.ALVES Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPavilhao Haroldo Lisboa da CunhaSala 224Rua Sao Francisco Xavier524MaracanaRio de Janeiro 20550-013Brazil department of Ecology Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPavilhao Haroldo Lisboa da CunhaSala 220Rua Sao Francisco Xavier524MaracanaRio de Janeiro 20550-013Brazil

Some types of plant accumulate liquid in their inflorescences creating *** environments protect the flowers against florivory,although they may be colonized by aquatic or semiaquatic florivorous insect larvae,whose effects on the fitness of the plants remain *** tested the hypothesis of floral antagonism by the occupants of phytotelmata,which predicts that florivory by the occupants of the phytotelmata represents a cost to the female fitness of the plant,reducing its *** manipulated experimentally the infestation by 3 florivores larvae species occupants of phytotelmata in inflorescences of Heliconia spathocircinata(Heliconiaceae)to test for negative direct trophic effects on the fecundity of the flowering and fruiting *** found that the foraging of the hoverfly(Syrphidae)and moth(Lepidoptera)larvae in the inflorescences contributed to a decline in the fecundity of the *** the lepidopteran impacted fecundity when foraging in both flowering and fruiting bracts,the syrphid only affected the fruiting bracts,which indicates that the nectar and floral tissue are the principal resource exploited by the *** contrast,soldier fly(Stratiomyidae)had a neutral effect on fecundity,while foraging in flowering or fruiting *** findings corroborate our hypothesis,that herbivory by the larval occupants represents cost to the host plant having *** negative influence of this foraging on plant fecundity will nevertheless depend on the consequences of the exploitation of resources,which vary considerably in ephemeral habitats such as the phytotalmanta of flower parts.

关键词： Atlantic forest Brazil florivory frugivory Heliconia water-held plants

Effects of the availability of floral resources and neighboring plants on nectar robbery in a specialized pollination system

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current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 541-548页

作者： Júlia Mendonça Almeida caio césar corrêa Missagia Maria Alice Santos Alves Graduação Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(UNIRIO)CEPAvenida Pasteur458Rio de Janeiro 22290-240Brazil departamento de Ecologia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e EvoluçãoInstituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes(IBRAG)Laboratório de Ecologia de Aves e ComportamentoUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(UERJ)Rua São Francisco Xavier524 Rio de JaneiroRJCEPRio de Janeiro 20550-011Brazil departamento de Ecologia IBRAGLaboratório de Ecologia de Aves UERJ.Rua São Francisco Xavier524 Rio de JaneiroRJCEPRio de Janeiro 20550-011Brazil

Many plants pollinated by nectar-foraging animals have to maintain a balance between legitimate visitor attraction strategies and mechanisms that minimize illegitimate *** study investigated how floral display and neighboring species composition influences nectar robbing by hummingbirds in the tropical ornithophilous herb Heliconia *** tested the role of inflorescence display,flower abundance,and neighboring species in the reduction of nectar robbing in *** results indicate that nectar robbing hummingbird activity was higher in moderately large inflorescence displays and that the frequency of nectar robbing in *** decreases with increased flower abundance and the presence of neighboring plant *** non-ornithophilous plants decreased the frequency of nectar robbing in *** flowers to a greater extent than ornithophilous *** results suggest that nectar robbing hummingbirds are attracted to similar conditions that attract legitimate visitors and that spatial aggregation and mixed-species displays may represent a mechanism to dilute nectar robbing effects at an individual level.

关键词： Brazilian Atlantic forest density floral antagonists Heliconiaceae

Melting behavior and globular microstructure formation in semi-solid cocrcuxFeNi high-entropy alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第17期52卷 207-217页

作者： Kaio Niitsu campo caio chaussêde Freitas Leonardo Fanton Rubens caram University of campinas School of Mechanical EngineeringSPBrazil

High-entropy alloys can be compelling raw materials for semi-solid *** the present study,the influence of the cu content on the melting behavior and semi-solid microstructure of cocrcuxFeNi(x=0,1,2,3)alloys was ***-melted samples were cross-rolled at room temperature and then isothermally treated at 1175℃in the semi-solid state for 300 *** characterization showed that the alloys containing cu were formed by two fcc ***,the increase in cu content also led to an increase in the volumetric fraction of the cu-rich *** solidification,this phase,which is the last to form,nucleates and epitaxially grows on the cu-lean *** the studied cocrcuFeNi alloys exhibited the same melting *** cu-rich phase melts at approximately 1120℃,whereas the culean phase melts at approximately 1350℃,providing a suitable processing temperature range of more than 200℃.The semi-solid microstructures were considerably refined and globular regardless of the alloy composition,being suitable for semi-solid ***,each fcc phase exhibited roughly the same composition under the different processing *** cu content in the cu-lean phase was approximately 10 at.%,while co,cr,Fe,and Ni were in an approximately equiatomic ***,the cu content was between 80 at.%and 86 at.%in the cu-rich *** isothermal treatment of the cocrcu3FeNi alloy at a higher temperature(1300℃)only caused the globules to *** conclusion,this work showed that these alloys can be potential candidates for semi-solid processing.

关键词： Semi-solid processing Thixoforming High-entropy alloys Microstructure

Research methods in complementary and alternative medicine： an integrative review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第1期16卷 6-13页

作者： Fabiana de Almeida Andrade caio Fabio Schlechta Portella Anhembi Morumbi University Sao Paulo 01423-001 Brazil department of Naturology Anhembi Morumbi University Sao Paulo 06730-000 Brazil

The scientific literature presents a modest amount ot evidence m the use or complementary ana al[erna- tire medicine （cAM）. On the other hand, in practice, relevant results are common. The debates among cAM practitioners about the quality and execution of scientific research are important, Therefore, the aim of this review is to gather, synthesize and describe the differentiated methodological models that encompass the complexity of therapeutic interventions. The process of bringing evidence-based medicine into clinical practice in cAM is essential for the growth and strengthening of complementary medicines worldwide.

关键词： Research methodology complementary medicine Alternative medicine complementary therapies comparative effectiveness research Outcome assessment Nonlinear dynamics Evaluation studies

Timing of breeding as a determinant of nest success of the vulnerable chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea)in grasslands of southern South America

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 126-135页

作者： Jonas Rafael Rodrigues Rosoni carla Suertegaray Fontana caio Josécarlos Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Biologia Animal Departamento de ZoologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratório de Ornitologia Museu de Ciências e TecnologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduacão em Ecologia e Evolucão da BiodiversidadePontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do SulPUCRSAvenida Ipiranga668190619-900Porto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil departamen to de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulUFRGSAvenida Bento Gonçalves950091501-970Porto AlegreRio Grandedo SulBrazil

The breeding traits of Sporophila seedeaters have been relatively well studied in recent years;nevertheless,a group of ten species in the genus,known as southern capuchinos,remain *** is the case with chestnut Seedeater(Sporophila cinnamomea),a species vulnerable to extinction,which breeds in the grasslands of southeast South America and,after reproduction,migrates towards the cerrado region in central ***,we investigated breeding ecology and calculated average clutch size,productivity,the sex ratio of nestlings,and estimated nest *** we tested(1)whether there is a relationship between the number of active nests and environmental variables,(2)whether the nestling sex ratio deviates from the 1:1 ratio,(3)whether clutch size varies between breeding seasons,and(4)whether the nest success is related to starting date,nest age,plant support,nest height from the ground,and clutch *** two breeding seasons(October-March 2018-2020),we monitored 98 *** generated survival models with five interacting covariates to assess the survival of the *** recorded the entire breeding period for chestnut Seedeater,which was estimated to be 4.6 months,similar to other migratory *** size did not differ between breeding *** sex ratio of nestlings was not significantly different from the 1:1 *** success was 31%,and predation was the leading cause of unsuccessful nests(83%).The daily survival rate was 0.95±*** main predictor of nest survival was the covariate starting *** findings,added to other aspects of the species’natural history described here,may help illuminate the ecology and behavior of chestnut Seedeater and other southern endangered capuchinos,and grassland-dependent species of South America.

关键词： Brood parasitism clutch size Neotropical grassl ands Nest age Nest predation Nest survival

Molecular basis and management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第22期16卷 2726-2734页

作者： Ulas d Bayraktar Soley Bayraktar caio M Rocha-Lima division of Hematology and Oncology Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Miami

Molecularly targeted agents have dramatically impacted the management of several cancers. Targeting KIT has led to a new treatment paradigm in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). KIT is a cell surface receptor with tyrosine kinases that, upon binding of its ligand, stem cell factor, activates various signaling pathways. Imatinib and sunitinib, both tyrosine kinase inhibitors directed to KIT, were approved for firstand secondline treatment of metastatic and unresectable GISTs. In this article, we will review the molecular pathogenesis of GISTs followed by a discussion of imatinib and sunitinib’s role in the treatment of GISTs. Finally, we will introduce novel therapeutic options for imatiniband sunitinib-resistant GISTs.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor KIT Imatinib Sunitinib Nilotinib

crop residues: applications of lignocellulosic biomass in the context of a biorefinery

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第2期16卷 224-245页

作者： Maria carolina ANdRAdE caio de Oliveira GORGULHO SILVA Leonora Rios de SOUZA MOREIRA Edivaldo Ximenes FERREIRA FILHO Laboratory of Enzymology Department of Cellular BiologyUniversity of BrasiliaBrasiliaDFBrazil

Interest in lignocellulosic biomass conversion technologies has increased recently because of their potential to reduce the dependency on non-renewable feedstocks. Residues from a variety of crops are the major source of lignocellulose, which is being produced in increasingly large quantities worldwide. The commercial exploitation of crop residues as feedstocks for biorefineries which could be used to produce a variety of goods such as biofuels, biochemicals, bioplastics, and enzymes is an attractive approach not only for adding value to residues but also for providing renewable products required by the expanding bioeconomy market. Moreover, the implementation of biorefineries in different regions has the potential to add value to the specific crop residues produced in the region. In this review, several aspects of crop residue application in biorefineries are discussed, including the role of crop residues in the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts, the main technical aspects of crop residue conversion in biorefineries, the main crop residues generated in different regions of the world and their availability, the potential value-added bioproducts that can be extracted or produced from each crop residue, and the major advantages and challenges associated with crop residue utilization in biorefineries. despite their potential, most biomass refining technologies are not sufficiently advanced or financially viable. Several technical obstacles, especially with regard to crop residue collection, handling, and pre-treatment, prevent the implementation of biorefineries on a commercial scale. Further research is needed to resolve these scale-up-related challenges. Increased governmental incentives and bioeconomic strategies are expected to boost the biorefinery market and the cost competitiveness of biorefinery products.

关键词： crop residue biorefinery bioproduct biomass circular bioeconomy enzyme

Stem cell therapy for retinal diseases

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World Journal of Stem cells 2015年第1期7卷 160-164页

作者： Jose Mauricio Garcia Luisa Mendonca Rodrigo Brant Murilo Abud caio Regatieri Bruno diniz department of Ophthalmology Universidade Federal de Goias Goiania 74001-970 Brazil department of Ophthalmology Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo 04023-062 Brazil

In this review, we discuss about current knowledge about stem cell(Sc) therapy in the treatment of retinal degeneration. Both human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell has been growth in culture for a long time, and started to be explored in the treatment of blinding conditions. The Food and drug Administration, recently, has granted clinical trials using Sc retinal therapy to treat complex disorders, as Stargardt's dystrophy, and patients with geographic atrophy, providing good outcomes. This study 's intent is to overview the critical regeneration of the subretinal anatomy through retinal pigment epithelium transplantation, with the goal of reestablish important pathways from the retina to the occipital cortex of the brain, as well as the differentiation from pluripotent quiescent Sc to adult retina, and its relationship with a primary retinal injury, different techniques of transplantation, management of immune rejection and tumorigenicity, its potential application in improving patients' vision, and, finally, approaching future directions and challenges for the treatment of several conditions.

关键词： Macular degeneration Human embryonic stem cell Induced pluripotent stem cell Retinal pigment epithelium Stargardt's disease

Paleo-and Mesoarchean TTG-sanukitoid to high-K granite cycles in the southern São Francisco craton,SE Brazil

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 153-168页

作者： claudio de Morisson Valeriano caio Vinicius Gabrig Turbay Henrique Bruno Antonio Simonetti Monica Heilbron Samuel Moreira Bersan Rob Strachan Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de GeologiaRua São Francisco Xavier 524/4006-BMaracanãRio de JaneiroBrazil Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia Centro de Formação em Ciências AmbientaisPorto SeguroBahiaBrazil University of Portsmouth School of EnvironmentGeography and GeosciencesBurnaby BuildingBurnaby RoadPortsmouth PO13QLUnited Kingdom University of Notre dame Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences46556United States

The generation of the continental crust is widely accepted to have taken place predominantly in the Archean,when TTG magmatism associated with greenstone-belt supracrustal succession development was typically followed by emplacement of high-K granites before crustal *** study focuses on the campos Gerais complex(cGc),which is an Archean granite-greenstone belt lithological association in a tectonic window located in the southwesternmost portion of the São Francisco craton(SFc).The cGc is an important segment of Paleo-to Mesoarchean continental crust to be integrated into paleogeographic reconstructions prior to the transition into the *** investigation reports field relationships,28 major and trace element compositions,U–Pb(zircon)geochronological results,and Hf and Sm–Nd isotope data for orthogneiss and amphibolite *** results indicate that the cGc records a complex Archean crustal evolution,where voluminous 2.97 Ga TTG tonalites and trondhjemites(ε_(Nd)(t)=-4.7;T_(dM)=3.24 Ga)were followed by 2.89 Ga sanukitoid tonalite production(ε_(Nd)(t)=-1.9;T_(dM)=3.02 Ga),broadly coeval with the development of the Fortaleza de Minas and Pitangui *** events are interpreted to represent the initial stage of an important subduction-accretion tectonic cycle,which ended with the emplacement of 2.82–2.81 Ga high-K leucogranites and migmatization of the TTG-sanukitoid crust,with hybrid and two-mica,peraluminous compositions(ε_(Nd)(t)=-8.0 to-8.6;T_(dM)=3.57–3.34 Ga).The presence of inherited zircons with207Pb/206Pb ages of 3.08 Ga,3.29 Ga,3.55 Ga and 3.62 Ga indicates that the Mesoarchean tectonic processes involved reworking of Meso-to Eo-archean *** TTG magmatism took place at ca.2.77 Ga represented by juvenile tonalite stocks(ε_(Nd)(t)=+1.0 to-1.5;T_(dM)=2.80–2.88 Ga)which intrude the TTG-greenstone belt *** stabilization was attained by 2.67 Ga,allowing for the emplacement of within-plate thol

关键词： crustal evolution Sm–Nd Lu–Hf LA-IcPMS zircon U–Pb