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Biophotonic rogue waves in red blood cell suspensions

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Photonics Research 2023年第11期11卷 1838-1846页

作者： YU-XUAN REN JOSHUA LAMSTEIN CHENSONG ZHANG claudio conti DEMETRIOS NCHRISTODOULIDES ZHIGANG CHEN Institute for Translational Brain Research MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Physics and Astronomy San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCalifornia 94132USA Center for Systems and Therapeutics Gladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoCalifornia 94158USA Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging Stanford Synchrotron Radiation LightsourceSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryMenlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA Department of Physics University SapienzaI-00185 RomaItaly Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90089USA TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300457China

Rogue waves are ubiquitous in nature,appearing in a variety of physical systems ranging from acoustics,microwave cavities,optical fibers,and resonators to plasmas,superfluids,and Bose–Einstein *** nonlinear solitary waves,rogue waves are extreme events that can occur even without nonlinearity by,for example,spontaneous synchronization of waves with different spatial frequencies in a linear ***,we report the observation of rogue-wave-like events in human red blood cell(RBC)suspensions under weak light illumination,characterized by an abnormal L-shaped probability *** biophotonic extreme events arise mostly due to the constructive interference of Mie-scattered waves from the suspended RBCs,whose biconcave shape and mutable orientation give rise to a time-dependent random phase modulation to an incident laser *** numerically simulate the beam propagation through the colloidal suspensions with added disorder in both spatial and temporal domains to mimic random scattering due to Brownian *** addition,at high power levels,nonlinear beam self-focusing is also observed,leading to a dual-exponential probability distribution associated with the formation of multiple soliton-like *** rogue wave events should also exist in environments with cells of other species such as swimming bacteria,and understanding of their underlying physics may lead to unexpected biophotonic applications.

关键词： suspensions extreme soliton

Localization and shock waves in curved manifolds

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Science Bulletin 2016年第7期61卷 570-575页

作者： claudio conti Institute for Complex Systems National Research Council(ISC-CNR)Via dei Taurini 1900185 Rome ITItaly Department of Physics University SapienzaPiazzale AldoMoro 500185 Rome ITItaly

The investigation of the interplay between geometry and nonlinearity may open the road to the control of extreme waves. We study three-dimensional localization and dispersive shocks in a bent cigar shaped potential by the nonlinear Schro¨ dinger equation. At high bending and high nonlinearity, topological trapping is frustrated by the generation of curved wave-breaking. Four-dimensional parallel simulations confirm the theoretical model. This work may contribute to novel devices based on geometrically constrained highly nonlinear dynamics and tests and analogs of fundamental physical theories in curved space.

关键词：三维定位弯曲波非线性薛定谔方程冲击波流形动力学试验相互作用并行模拟

Linear and Nonlinear Anderson Localization in a Curved Potential

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第3期31卷 27-29页

作者： claudio conti Department of Physics University Sapienza Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Rome 00185 Italy

Disorder induced localization in the presence of nonlinearity and curvature is investigated. The time-resolved three-dimensional expansion of a wave packet in a bent cigar shaped potential with a focusing Kerr-like interaction term and Gaussian disorder is numerically analyzed. A self-consistent analytical theory, in which randomness, nonlinearity and geometry are determined by a single scaling parameter, is reported, and it is shown that curvature enhances localization.

关键词： WAVES

Large-scale photonic natural language processing

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Photonics Research 2022年第12期10卷 2846-2853页

作者： CARLO M.VALENSISE IVANA GRECCO DAVIDE PIERANGELI claudio C Enrico Fermi Research Center(CREF) 00184 RomeItaly Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome00185 RomeItaly Institute for Complex Systems National Research Council(ISC-CNR)00185 RomeItaly

Modern machine-learning applications require huge artificial networks demanding computational power and ***-based platforms promise ultrafast and energy-efficient hardware,which may help realize nextgeneration data processing ***,current photonic networks are limited by the number of inputoutput nodes that can be processed in a single *** restricted network capacity prevents their application to relevant large-scale problems such as natural language ***,we realize a photonic processor for supervised learning with a capacity exceeding 1.5×10^(10)optical nodes,more than one order of magnitude larger than any previous implementation,which enables photonic large-scale text encoding and *** exploiting the full three-dimensional structure of the optical field propagating in free space,we overcome the interpolation threshold and reach the over-parameterized region of machine learning,a condition that allows high-performance sentiment analysis with a minimal fraction of training *** results provide a novel solution to scale up light-driven computing and open the route to photonic natural language processing.

关键词： demanding overcome exceeding

Photonic extreme learning machine by free-space optical propagation

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Photonics Research 2021年第8期9卷 1446-1454页

作者： DAVIDE PIERANGELI GIULIA MARCUCCI claudio conti Institute for Complex System National Research Council(ISC-CNR)00185 RomeItaly Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome00185 RomeItaly Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi(CREF) 00184 RomeItaly Department of Physics University of OttawaOttawaOntario K1N 6N5Canada

Photonic brain-inspired platforms are emerging as novel analog computing devices,enabling fast and energyefficient operations for machine *** artificial neural networks generally require tailored optical elements,such as integrated photonic circuits,engineered diffractive layers,nanophotonic materials,or time-delay schemes,which are challenging to train or ***,we present a neuromorphic photonic scheme,i.e.,the photonic extreme learning machine,which can be implemented simply by using an optical encoder and coherent wave propagation in free *** realize the concept through spatial light modulation of a laser beam,with the far field acting as a feature mapping *** experimentally demonstrate learning from data on various classification and regression tasks,achieving accuracies comparable with digital kernel machines and deep photonic *** findings point out an optical machine learning device that is easy to train,energetically efficient,scalable,and fabrication-constraint *** scheme can be generalized to a plethora of photonic systems,opening the route to real-time neuromorphic processing of optical data.

关键词： extreme propagation free

Non-locality and collective emission in disordered lasing resonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 79-84页

作者： Marco Leonetti claudio conti Cefe Lopez ISC-CNR UOS Sapienza00185 RomaItaly Institute for Material Science Madrid(ICMM-CSIC) 28049 MadridSpain Department of Physics University SapienzaI-00185 RomaItaly

Random lasing is observed in optically active resonators in the presence of *** the optical cavities involved are open,the modes are coupled,and energy may pour from one state to another provided that they are spatially *** the electromagnetic modes are spatially localized,our system may be actively switched to a collective state,presenting a novel form of non-locality revealed by a high degree of spectral correlation between the light emissions collected at distant *** a nutshell,light may be stored in a disordered nonlinear structure in different fashions that strongly differ in their spatial *** effect is experimentally demonstrated and theoretically explained in titania clusters embedded in a dye,and it provides clear evidence of a transition to a multimodal collective emission involving the entire spatial extent of the disordered *** results can be used to develop a novel type of miniaturized,actively controlled all-optical chip.

关键词： collective emission disorder nanophotonics random lasing

CO_(2) conversion to solar fuels and chemicals:Opening the new paths

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 680-683页

作者： Gabriele Centi claudio Ampelli Department of Chemical BiologicalPharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences(ChiBioFarAm)University of MessinaERIC aisbl and CASPE/INSTMV.le F.Stagno d'Alcontres 3198166 MessinaItaly

This future article discusses the new prospects and directions of CO_(2)conversion via the photo-electrocatalytic(PEC)*** second(2nd)generation solar fuels and chemicals(SFs)are generated directly in PEC systems via electrons/protons reactions without forming molecular H_(2)as an intermediate,overcoming the thermodynamics limitations and practical issues encountered for electro-fuels produced by multistep thermocatalytic processes(***_(2)conversion with H_(2)coming from water electrolysis).A distributed and decentralized production of SFs requires very compact,highly integrated,and intensified *** the existing reactors of advanced design(based on artificial leaves or photosynthesis),the integrated photovoltaic plus electrocatalytic(PV-EC)device is the only system(demonstrated at large scale)to produce SFs with high solar-to-fuel(STF)***,while the literature indicates STF efficiency as the main(and only)measure of process performance,we remark here the need to refer to productivity(in terms of current density)and make tests with reliable flow PEC systems(with electrodes of at least 5–10 cm^(2))to accelerate the scaling-up *** approaches that minimize downstream separation costs is also *** limitations exist in PEC systems,but most can be overcome by proper electrode and cell engineering,thus going beyond the properties of the *** examples of current developments,we present the progress of(i)artificial leaf/tree devices for green H_(2)distributed production and(ii)a PEC device producing the same chemicals at both cathode and anode parts without downstream operations for green solvent distributed *** on these developments,future directions,such as producing fertilizers and food components from the air,are *** aim is to provide new ideas and research directions from a personal perspective.

关键词： Solar fuels Artificial leaf PEC devices PV-EC devices Cell engineering green H_(2) Chemicals from theair

Preventing brain aging by the artificial enforcement of the unfolded protein response:future directions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 393-394页

作者： Felipe Cabral-Miranda claudio Hetz Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Center for Geroscience Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile、Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile、Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile、Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCAUSA

As the life expectancy of the world’s population increases,age-related diseases are emerging as one of the greatest problems facing modern *** onset of dementia and neurodegenerative diseases is strictly dependent on aging as a major risk factor and has a profound impact on various aspects of the lives of individuals and their families.

关键词： diseases aging directions

Phase-matching-free parametric oscillators based on two-dimensional semiconductors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 992-1000页

作者： Alessandro Ciattoni Andrea Marini Carlo Rizza claudio conti Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche(CNR-SPIN) Via Vetoio 1067100 L’AquilaItaly Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences University of L’AquilaVia Vetoio 1067100 L’AquilaItaly Institute for Complex Systems(ISC-CNR) Via dei Taurini 1900185 RomeItaly ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology08860 CastelldefelsBarcelonaSpain Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics University of L’AquilaVia G.Gronchi 18I-67100 L’AquilaItaly Department of Physics University SapienzaPiazzale Aldo Moro 500185 RomeItaly

Optical parametric oscillators are widely used as pulsed and continuous-wave tunable sources for innumerable applications,such as quantum technologies,imaging,and biophysics.A key drawback is material dispersion,which imposes a phase-matching condition that generally entails a complex design and setup,thus hindering tunability and *** we show that the burden of phase-matching is surprisingly absent in parametric microresonators utilizing mono-layer transition-metal dichalcogenides as quadratic nonlinear *** the exact solution of nonlinear Maxwell equations and first-principle calculations of the semiconductor nonlinear response,we devise a novel kind of phase-matching-free miniaturized parametric oscillator operating at conventional pump *** find that different two-dimensional semiconductors yield degenerate and non-degenerate emission at various spectral regions due to doubly resonant mode excitation,which can be tuned by varying the incidence angle of the external pump *** addition,we show that high-frequency electrical modulation can be achieved by doping via electrical gating,which can be used to efficiently shift the threshold for parametric *** results pave the way for the realization of novel ultra-fast tunable micron-sized sources of entangled photons—a key device underpinning any quantum *** miniaturized optical parametric oscillators may also be employed in lab-on-chip technologies for biophysics,detection of environmental pollution and security.

关键词： parametric matching degenerate