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On-chip physiological mimicry of neurovascular unit: challenges and perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 499-500页

作者： Song Ih ahn YongTae kim School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Wallace H.coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Neurological disorders including neurodegenerative diseases,brain tumors,and stroke are the second leading cause of death and the greatest cause of disability ***,it remains challenging to achieve effective drug delivery to the central nervous system for treatments of neurological diseases due to the blood-brain barrier(BBB).The function of the BBB is regulated by the physiological interactions between various types of cells in the neurovascular unit(NVU).In the NVU,the brain vasculature of the BBB is surrounded by brain pericytes,brain astrocytes,neurons,and microglia(Figure 1).Moreover,the NVU at the levels of arteries and veins includes contractile smooth muscle cells(Schaeffer and Iadecola,2021).

关键词： diseases death arteries

Integration of earth-abundant cocatalysts for high-performance photoelectrochemical energy conversion

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 336-355,I0008页

作者： Joonhee Ma Sang Hyun ahn Soo Young kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of chemical Engineering and Materials Science Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul 06974Republic of Korea

Photoelectrochemical(PEc)energy conversion has emerged as a promising and efficient approach to sustainable energy harvesting and *** utilizing semiconductor photoelectrodes,PEc devices can harness solar energy and drive electrochemical reactions such as water splitting or carbon dioxide(cO_(2))reduction to generate clean fuels and value-added ***,PEc energy conversion faces several challenges such as high overpotential,sluggish reaction kinetics,charge carrier recombination,and stability issues,which limit its practical ***,significant research has been conducted to improve the overall conversion efficiency of PEc *** particularly promising approach is the use of cocatalysts,which involves introducing specific cocatalysts onto the photoelectrode surface to promote charge separation,improve reaction kinetics,and reduce the overpotential,thereby enhancing the overall performance of PEc energy *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in the earth-abundant cocatalysts for PEc water splitting and cO_(2) *** main earth-abundant catalysts for the PEc water splitting include transition-metal dichalcogenide(TMD)-based materials,metal phosphides/carbides,and metal oxides/***,PEc-cO_(2)RR was divided into c_(1) and c_(2+)based on the final product since various products could be produced,focusing on diverse earth-abundant materials-based *** addition,we provide and highlight key advancements achieved in the very recent reports on novel PEc system design engineering with ***,the current problems associated with PEc systems are discussed along with a suggested direction to overcome these obstacles.

关键词： Solar energy Photo-electrochemical Water splitting cO_(2)reduction cocatalysts

Systematic Security Guideline Framework through Intelligently Automated Vulnerability Analysis

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computers, Materials & continua 2024年第3期78卷 3867-3889页

作者： Dahyeon kim Namgi kim Junho ahn computer Information Technology Korea National University of TransportationChungju27469Korea Department of AI computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon16227Korea

This research aims to propose a practical framework designed for the automatic analysis of a product’s comprehensive functionality and security vulnerabilities,generating applicable guidelines based on real-world *** existing analysis of software security vulnerabilities often focuses on specific features or *** partial and arbitrary analysis of the security vulnerabilities makes it challenging to comprehend the overall security vulnerabilities of the *** key novelty lies in overcoming the constraints of partial *** proposed framework utilizes data from various sources to create a comprehensive functionality profile,facilitating the derivation of real-world security *** guidelines are dynamically generated by associating functional security vulnerabilities with the latest common Vulnerabilities and Exposure(cVE)and common Vulnerability Scoring System(cVSS)scores,resulting in automated guidelines tailored to each *** guidelines are not only practical but also applicable in real-world software,allowing for prioritized security *** proposed framework is applied to virtual private network(VPN)software,wherein a validated Level 2 data flow diagram is generated using the Spoofing,Tampering,Repudiation,Information Disclosure,Denial of Service,and Elevation of privilege(STRIDE)technique with references to various papers and examples from related *** analysis resulted in the identification of a total of 121 *** successful implementation and validation demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in generating customized guidelines for entire systems,subsystems,and selected modules.

关键词： Framework automation vulnerability analysis security guidelines

composite Recommendation of Artworks in E-commerce Based on User keyword-Driven correlation Graph Search

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 174-184页

作者： Jingyun Zhang Wenjie Zhu Byoung Jin ahn Yongsheng Zhou School of Design Dongseo UniversityBusan 47011Republic of Korea Institute of Art and Design Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001China Jinling Wenyun Art Design co. Ltd.Zhenjiang 212000China Institute of Art and Design Krirk UniversityBangkok 10220Thailand Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyShouguang 262700China

With the ever-increasing diversification of people’s interests and preferences,artwork has become one of the most popular commodities or investment goods in E-commerce,and it increasingly attracts the attention of the ***,many real-world or virtual artworks can be found in E-commerce,and finding a means to recommend them to appropriate users has become a significant task to alleviate the heavy burden on artwork selection decisions by *** research mainly studies the problem of single-artwork recommendation while neglecting the more practical but more complex composite recommendation of artworks in E-commerce,which considerably influences the quality of experience of potential users,especially when they need to select a set of artworks instead of a single *** by this limitation,we put forward a novel composite recommendation approach to artworks by a user keyword-driven correlation graph search named ART_(com-rec).Through ART_(com-rec),the recommender system can output a set of artworks(e.g.,an artwork composite solution)in E-commerce by considering the keywords typed by a user to indicate his or her personalized ***,we validate the feasibility of the ART_(com-rec) approach by a set of simulated experiments on a real-world PW dataset.

关键词： composite recommendation artwork user keywords E-commerce correlation graph search

Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic fissureless right upper lobe anterior segmentectomy for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor:A case report

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World Journal of clinical cases 2024年第2期12卷 425-430页

作者： Seha ahn Youngkyu Moon Department of Thoracic and cardiovascular Surgery Eunpyeong St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 03312South Korea

BAckGROUND Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors(IMTs)are exceptionally rare neoplasms with intermediate malignant *** is the accepted treatment option,aiming for complete resection with clear *** SUMMARY A 39-year-old woman presented with a growing solitary pulmonary nodule measuring 2.0 cm in the right upper lobe(RUL)of the *** patient underwent a RUL anterior segmentectomy using uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopy.A preliminary tissue diagnosis indicated malignancy;however,it was later revised to an *** to the absence of a minor fissure between the right upper and middle lobes,an alternative resection approach was ***,we utilized indocyanine green injection to aid in delineating the intersegmental *** an uneventful recovery,the patient was discharged on the third postoperative ***,annual chest tomography scans were scheduled to monitor for potential local *** This case underscores the challenges in diagnosing and managing IMTs,showing the importance of accurate pathologic assessments and tailored surgical strategies.

关键词： Uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery Fissureless Anterior segmentectomy Inflammatory fibroblastic tumor case report

Performance of the EDAcS-ADP incorporating high-sensitivity troponin assay:Do components of major adverse cardiac events matter?

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 175-180页

作者： Yedalm Yoo Shin ahn Bora chae Won Young kim Department of Emergency Medicine Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505Republic of Korea

BAckGROUND:The accelerated diagnostic protocol(ADP)using the Emergency Department Assessment of chest pain Score(EDAcS-ADP),a tool to identify patients at low risk of a major adverse cardiac event(MAcE)among patients presenting with chest pain to the emergency department,was developed using a contemporary troponin *** study was performed to validate and compare the performance of the EDAcS-ADP incorporating high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I between patients who had a 30-day MAcE with and without unstable angina(MAcE I and II,respectively).METHODS:A single-center prospective observational study of adult patients presenting with chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome was *** performance of EDAcS-ADP in predicting MAcE was assessed by calculating the sensitivity and negative predictive ***:Of the 1,304 patients prospectively enrolled,399(30.6%;95%confidence interval[95%cI]:27.7%–33.8%)were considered low-risk using the *** them,the rates of MAcE I and II were 1.3%(5/399)and 1.0%(4/399),*** EDAcS-ADP showed sensitivities and negative predictive values of 98.8%(95%cI:97.2%–99.6%)and 98.7%(95%cI:97.0%–99.5%)for MAcE I and 98.7%(95%cI:96.8%–99.7%)and 99.0%(95%cI:97.4%–99.6%)for MAcE II,***:EDAcS-ADP could help identify patients as safe for early ***,when unstable angina was added to the outcome,the 30-day MAcE rate among the designated lowrisk patients remained above the level acceptable for early discharge without further evaluation.

关键词： chest pain Major adverse cardiac event Acute coronary syndrome Emergency department

A nerve-like self-healable conductive wire

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 89-90页

作者： Xuemei Fu Benjamin c.k.Tee Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Institute for Health Innovation and Technology National University of Singapore

In wearables and robotics, it is often required to deploy electronic devices at different spatially distributed locations for multi-functionality [1–3]. Thus, conductive wires for efficient interconnection of various electronic devices are ***, in practical applications, the frequent motion of wearers and robots will result in high-strain deformations of these wires, which could cause irreparable damage.

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Imprinting at the kBTBD6 locus involves species-specific m ternal methylation and monoallelic expression in livestock animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 127-145页

作者： Jinsoo ahn In-Sul Hwang Mi-Ryung Park Seongsoo Hwang kichoon Lee Department of Animal Sciences The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Animal Biotechnology Division Rural Development AdministrationNational Institute of Animal ScienceJeonbuk 55365Republic of Korea columbia center for Translational Immunology Columbia University Irving Medical CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032USA Animal Welfare Research Team National Institute of Animal ScienceRDA1500Kongjwipatjwi‑roJeollabuk‑do 55365Republic of Korea

Background The primary differentially methylated regions(DMRs) which are maternally hypermethylated serve as imprinting control regions(IcRs) that drive monoallelic gene expression, and these IcRs have been investigated due to their implications in mammalian development. Although a subset of genes has been identified as imprinted, in-depth comparative approach needs to be developed for identification of species-specific imprinted genes. Here, we examined DNA methylation status and allelic expression at the kBTBD6 locus across species and tissues and explored potential mechanisms of *** Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA-sequencing on parthenogenetic and normal porcine embryos, we identified a maternally hypermethylated DMR between the embryos at the kBTBD6 promoter cp G island and paternal monoallelic expression of kBTBD6. Also, in analyzed domesticated mammals but not in humans, non-human primates and mice, the kBTBD6 promoter cp G islands were methylated in oocytes and/or allelically methyl-ated in tissues, and monoallelic kBTBD6 expression was observed, indicating livestock-specific imprinting. Further analysis revealed that these cp G islands were embedded within transcripts in porcine and bovine oocytes which coexisted with an active transcription mark and DNA methylation, implying the presence of transcription-dependent *** In this study, our comparative approach revealed an imprinted expression of the kBTBD6 gene in domesticated mammals, but not in humans, non-human primates, and mice which implicates species-specific evolution of genomic imprinting.

关键词： Differentially methylated region Domesticated mammal Imprinting kBTBD6 Parthenogenetic

Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation of microspheres with submicron resolution at high-throughput

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 203-216页

作者： Hyunwoo Jeon Song Ha Lee Jongho Shin kicheol Song Nari ahn Jinsoo Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-ro Buk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Analytical Engineering Team Samsung Display Co.Ltd.181 Samsung-roTangjeong-myeonAsan-siChungcheongnam-do 31454Republic of Korea

Elasto-inertial microfluidic separation offers many advantages including high throughput and separation *** though the separation efficiency highly depends on precise control of the flow conditions,no concrete guidelines have been reported yet in elasto-inertial ***,we propose a dimensionless analysis for precise estimation of the microsphere behaviors across the interface of Newtonian and viscoelastic *** number,modified Weissenberg number,and modified elastic number are used to investigate the balance between inertial and elastic lift *** on the findings,we introduce a new dimensionless number defined as the width of the Newtonian fluid stream divided by microsphere *** proposed dimensionless analysis allows us to predict whether the microspheres migrate across the co-flow *** theoretical estimation is found to be in good agreement with the experimental results using 2.1-and 3.2-μm-diameter polystyrene microspheres in a co-flow of water and polyethylene oxide *** on the theoretical estimation,we also realize submicron separation of the microspheres with 2.1 and 2.5μm in diameter at high throughput,high purity(>95%),and high recovery rate(>97%).The applicability of the proposed method was validated by separation of platelets from similar-sized Escherichia coli(***).

关键词： solution. separation estimation