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Functional-trait ecology of the plateau pika Ochotona curzoniae in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ecosystem

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 87-103页

作者： Andrew T.SMITH BADINGQIUYING Maxwell c.wilson Brigitte W.HOGAN School of Life Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeArizonaUSA School of Geographical Sciences Qinghai Normal UniversityXiningChina

Understanding a species’functional traits allows for a directed and productive perspective on the role a species plays in nature,and thus its relative importance to conservation *** functionaltrait ecology of the plateau pika Ochotona curzoniae is examined to better understand the resilience and sustainability of the high alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP).The key functional traits of plateau pikas are their abundance and behavior of digging extensive burrow *** pikas have been poisoned over a significant part of their original geographic distribution across the QTP,allowing comparison of ecological communities with and without *** all mammalian and avian carnivores,most of which are obligate predators on pikas,have been lost in regions where pikas have been *** endemic birds on the QTP nest in pika burrows;when pikas are poisoned,burrows collapse,and these birds are greatly reduced in *** to the biopedturbation resulting from their burrows,regional plant species richness is higher in areas with pikas than *** presence of pika burrows allows higher rates of infiltration during heavy monsoon rains compared to poisoned areas,possibly mitigating runoff and the potential for serious downslope erosion and ***,the functional traits of plateau pikas enhance native biodiversity and other important ecosystem functions;these traits are *** plateau pikas are not natural colonizers,active reintroduction programs are needed to restore pikas to areas from which they have been poisoned to restore the important functional ecological traits of pikas.

关键词： ecosystem engineer functional-trait ecology keystone species Ochotona curzoniae re-introduction

correlation of in vivo tumor response and singlet oxygen luminescence detection in mTHPc-mediated photodynamic therapy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第1期8卷 106-112页

作者： Brian c.wilson Michael S.Patterson Buhong Li Mark T.Jarvi Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto/University Health Network Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7Canada Juravinski cancer centre and McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L8V 5C2Canada MOE Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology Fujian Normal University FuzhouFujian 350007P.R.China

Excited-state singlet axygen(^(1)O_(2)),generated during photodynamic therapy(PDT),is believed to be the primary cytotoxic agent with a number of clinically approved *** relative concentration in cells or tissues can be measured directly through its near-infrared(NIR)luminescence emission,which has correlated well with in vitro cell and in triro normal skin treatment ***,its correlation with the response of tumor tiss1e in vito is examined,using the photosensitizer meso-tetralydroxyphenylchlorin(mTHPc)in an animal model comprising luciferase-and green fluorescent protein(GFP)-transduced gliosarcoma grown in a dorsal window *** change in the bioluminescence signal,imaged pre-treatment and at 2,5 and 9 d post treatment,was used as a quantitative measure of the tumor response,which was classified in individual tumors as"non","moderate"and"strong"in order to reduce the variance in the *** the bioluminescence-based response vs the^(1)O_(2)counts demonstrated clear correlation,indicating tha^(1)O_(2)luminescence provides a valid do-simetric technique for PDT in tumor tissue.

关键词： Photodynamice therapy singlet axygen lumninescence dosinetry bioluminescence

mRNA vaccines:a new era in vaccine development

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Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1543-1564页

作者： SHUBHRA cHANDRA JENNIFER c.wilson DAVID GOOD MING Q.WEI School of Pharmacy&Medical Sciences Gold Coast campusGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD-4222Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland(MHIQ) Gold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD-4215Australia School of Allied Health Australian Catholic UniversityBrisbaneQLD-4014Australia

The advent of RNA therapy,particularly through the development of mRNA cancer vaccines,has ushered in a new era in the field of *** article provides a concise overview of the key principles,recent advancements,and potential implications of mRNA cancer vaccines as a groundbreaking modality in cancer *** cancer vaccines represent a revolutionary approach to combatting cancer by leveraging the body’s innate immune *** vaccines are designed to deliver specific mRNA sequences encoding cancer-associated antigens,prompting the immune system to recognize and mount a targeted response against malignant *** personalized and adaptive nature of mRNA vaccines holds immense potential for addressing the heterogeneity of cancer and tailoring treatments to individual *** breakthroughs in the development of mRNA vaccines,exemplified by the success of cOVID-19 vaccines,have accelerated their application in *** mRNA platform’s versatility allows for the rapid adaptation of vaccine candidates to various cancer types,presenting an agile and promising avenue for therapeutic *** trials of mRNA cancer vaccines have demonstrated encouraging results in terms of safety,immunogenicity,and *** candidates,such as BioNTech’s BNT111 and Moderna’s mRNA-4157,have exhibited promising outcomes in targeting melanoma and solid tumors,*** successes underscore the potential of mRNA vaccines to elicit robust and durable anti-cancer immune *** the field holds great promise,challenges such as manufacturing complexities and cost considerations need to be addressed for widespread *** development of scalable and cost-effective manufacturing processes,along with ongoing clinical research,will be pivotal in realizing the full potential of mRNA cancer ***,mRNA cancer vaccines represent a cutting-edge therapeutic approach that holds the promise of transforming cancer treatment.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy Immune checkpoint Preventive&therapeutic vaccine Delivery system mRNA

The diagnostic and prognostic utility of the dual-task tandem gait test for pediatric concussion

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第2期10卷 131-137页

作者： Katie A.Van Deventer corrine N.Seehusen Gregory A.Walker Julie c.wilson David R.Howell University of colorado School of Medicine AuroraCO 80045USA Sports Medicine center Children’s Hospital ColoradoAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Orthopedics University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

Background:The tandem gait test has gained interest recently for assessment of concussion *** purpose of our study was to determine the prognostic and diagnostic use of the single-and dual-task tandem gait test,alongside other clinical measures,within 10 days of pediatric ***:We assessed 126 patients post-concussion(6.3§2.3 days post-injury,mean§SD)at a pediatric sports medicine clinic and compared them to 58 healthy controls(age:15.6§1.3 years;43%female).We also compared the 31 patients with concussion who developed persistent post-concussion symptoms(PPcS)(age=14.9§2.0 years;48%female)to the 81 patients with concussion who did not develop PPcS following the initial assessment(age:14.1§3.0 years;41%female).All subjects completed a test battery,and concussion patients were monitored until they experienced concussion-symptom *** test battery included tandem gait(single-task,dual-task(performing tandem gait while concurrently completing a cognitive test)conditions),modified Balance Error Scoring System(mBESS),and concussion symptom assessment(Health and Behavior Inventory).We defined PPcS as symptom resolution time>28 days post-concussion for the concussion *** outcomes included tandem gait time(single-and dual-task),dual-task cognitive accuracy,mBESS errors(single/double/tandem stances),and symptom ***:The concussion group completed the single-task(mean difference=9.1 s,95%confidential interval(95%cI):6.1-12.1)and dual-task(mean difference=12.7 s,95%cI:8.716.8)tandem gait test more slowly than the control *** to those who recovered within 28 days of concussion,the PPcS group had slower dual-task tandem gait test times(mean difference=7.9 s,95%cI:2.0-13.9),made more tandem-stance mBESS errors(mean difference=1.3 errors,95%cI:0.2-2.3),and reported more severe symptoms(mean difference=26.6 Health and Behavior Inventory rating,95%cI:21.1-32.6).conclusion:Worse dual-task tandem gait test time and mB

关键词： Adolescent Balance Mild traumatic brain injury Postural stability Prognosis

Editorial-Introduction to the Special Issue on Photodynamic Therapy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第1期8卷 1-3页

作者： Buhong Li Brian c.wilson School of Photonics and Electronic Engineering Fujian Normal University China Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto and University Health Network Canada

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimally invasive treatment for malignant and nonmalignant diseases that uses light-activated photosensitizers to destroy or modify cells or *** has been approved by health agencies in several countries for cancers of different sites and stages,and for treatment of age related macular degeneration,various benign skin conditions and localized bacterial infections.

关键词： degeneration Photodynamic diseases

IN VIVO NEAR-INFRAREDFLUOREScENcEIMAGING OF HUMANcOLONADENOcARcINOMABY SPEcIFIc IMMUNOTARGETINGOFA TUMOR-ASSOcIATEDMUcIN

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第4期2卷 407-422页

作者： RALPH S.DAcOSTA YING TANG TUULA KALLIOMAKI RAYMOND M.REILLY ROBERT WEERSINK ALISHA R.ELFORD NORMAN E.MARcON BRIAN c.wilson Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging Ontario Cancer Institute 610 University of TorontoTorontoOntarioM5G 2M9Canada Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Princess Margaret Hospital/Ontario Cancer Institute University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada NIH/NcI Radiation Oncology Branch BethesdaMDUSA Division of clinical Investigation and Human Physiology Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and University of Toronto Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy TorontoOntarioCanada Laboratory for Applied Biophotonics University Health Network TorontoOntarioCanada campbell Family Institute for Breast cancer Research University Health Network/Ontario cancer Institute Department of Medical Biophysics and Immunology Toronto OntarioCanada St.Michael’s Hospital center for Therapeutic Endoscopy and Endoscopic Oncology Toronto OntarioCanada

Background and Aims: Accurate endoscopic detection of premalignant lesions and earlycancers in the colon is essential for cure, since prognosis is closely related to lesion size andstage. Although it has great clinical potential, autofluorescence endoscopy has limited tumorto-normal tissue image contrast for detecting small preneoplastic lesions. We have developed amolecularly specific, near-infrared fluorescent monoclonal antibody (cc49) bioconjugate whichtargets tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72), as a contrast agent to improve fluorescencebased endoscopy of colon cancer. Methods: The fluorescent anti-TAG72 conjugate was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in athymic nude mice bearing human colon adenocarcinoma (LS174T)subcutaneous tumors. Autofluorescence, a fluorescent but irrelevant antibody and the free fluorescent dye served as controls. Fluorescent agents were injected intravenously, and in vivowhole body fluorescence imaging was performed at various time points to determine pharmacokinetics, followed by ex vivo tissue analysis by confocal fluorescence microscopy and histology Results: Fluorescence microscopy and histology confirmed specific LS174T cell membrane targeting of labeled cc49 in vitro and ex vivo. In vivo fluorescence imaging demonstrated significant tumor-to-normal tissue contrast enhancement with labeled-cc49 at three hours postinjection, with maximum contrast after 48 h. Accumulation of tumor fluorescence demonstratedthat modification of cc49 antibodies did not alter their specific tumor-localizing properties, andwas antibody-dependent since controls did not produce detectable tumor fluorescence. conclusions: These results show proof-of-principle that our near-infrared fluorescent-antibody probetargeting a tumor-associated mucin detects colonic tumors at the molecular level in real time,and offer a basis for future improvement of image contrast during clinical fluorescence endoscopy.

关键词： Autofluorescence imaging endoscopy colon adenocarcinoma TAG72 cc49 mucin monoclonal antibody conjugate confocal fluorescence microscopy.

Radiosynthesis of [^(18)F]ArylScF2H Using Aryl Boronic Acids, S-(chlorofluoromethyl) benzenesulfonothioate and [^(18)F]Fluoride

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ccS chemistry 2021年第7期3卷 1921-1928页

作者： Qunchao Zhao Patrick G.Isenegger Thomas c.wilson Jeroen BISap Florian Guibbal Long Lu Véronique Gouverneur Qilong Shen Key Laboratory of Organofluorine chemistry center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032 chemistry Research Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX13TA Shanghai Institute of Organic chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032

Herein,we report a mild and practical protocol for the copper-catalyzed chlorofluoromethylthiolation of(hetero)aryl boronic acids with the novel reagent *** resulting products are amenable to halogen-exchange^(18)F-fluorination with cyclotronproduced[^(18)F]fluoride affording[^(18)F]*** process highlights the combined value of reagent development and(hetero)aryl boron precursors for radiochemistry by adding the[^(18)F]ScF2H group to the list of^(18)F-motifs within reach for positron emission tomography studies.

关键词： chlorofluoromethylthiolation boron reagent PET fluorine radiolabeling

Decoupling species richness variation and spatial turnover in beta diversity across a fragmented landscape

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Decoupling species richness variation and spatial turnover i...

Implementation and application of PyNE sub-voxel R2S for shutdown dose rate analysis

第七届浙江省生物多样性保护研讨会

作者： Guang Hu Maxwell c.wilson Jianguo Wu Jingjing Yu Mingjian Yu Department of Landscape Architecture School of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureZhejiang Sci-Tech University School of Life Sciences Arizona State University School of Sustainability Arizona State University college of Life Sciences Zhejiang University

How habitat fragmentation affects the relationship between local richness and the variation in community structure across space is important to both ecology and conservation biology,but has rarely been *** we present an empirical study to address this topic in a fragmented landscape,Thousand Island Lake,an artificial land-bridge island system with more than 1000 islands,which provides an "experimental" fragmented landscape with homogeneous matrix and synchronous successional *** composition and plant functional type were measured across 29 *** tested the effects of island area and isolation on the relationship between α-and β-*** partitioning was used to decouple α-diversity variation and α-independent spatial turnover in β-*** found the variation in species richness,not spatial turnover,drove the variation in community *** also found that area affected both α-and β-diversity,but did not change theα-independent spatial *** filtering and responses of plant functional types were the underlying driving *** plant communities within the Thousand Island Lake system,habitat fragmentation influences β-diversity by modifying local α-diversity,not spatial *** results highlight the importance of hierarchical linkages between components of biodiversity across scales in fragmented landscapes,and have practical conservation implications.

关键词： Area effect Environmental filtering Isolation Land-bridge islands Plant functional type Thousand Island Lake

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第9期24卷 145-151页

作者： Xiaokang ZHANG Patrick c SHRIWISE Songlin LIU Paul P H wilson Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S.Cass Ave.IL 60439United States of America University of Wisconsin-Madison 1500 Engineering DrMadisonWI 53706United States of America

PyNE R2S is a mesh-based R2S implementation with the capability of performing shutdown dose rate(SDR)analysis directly on cAD geometry with cartesian or tetrahedral *** supports advanced variance reduction for fusion energy ***,the assumption of homogenized materials of PyNE R2S with a cartesian mesh throughout a mesh voxel introduces an approximation in the case where a voxel covers multiple non-void *** work implements a sub-voxel method to add fldelity to PyNE R2S with a cartesian mesh during the process of activation and photon source sampling by performing independent inventory calculations for each cell within a mesh voxel and using the results of those independent calculations to sample the photon source more *** sub-voxel R2S has been verifled with the Frascati Neutron Generator(FNG)-ITER and ITER computational shutdown dose rate benchmark *** results for sub-voxel R2S show satisfactory agreement with the experimental values or reference *** sub-voxel R2S has been applied to the shutdown dose rate calculation of the chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor(cFETR).In conclusion,sub-voxel R2S is a reliable tool for SDR calculation and obtains more accurate results with the same voxel size than voxel R2S.

关键词： shutdown dose rate R2S sub-voxel PyNE