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Predicting recrystallized grain size in friction stir processed 304L stainless steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第4期35卷 491-498页

作者： M.P.Miles T.W.Nelson c.gunter F.c.Liu L.Fourment T.Mathis Manufacturing Engineering Department Brigham Young University centre de Mise en Forme des Materiaux Mines ParisTech

A major dilemma faced in the nuclear industry is repair of stainless steel reactor components that have been exposed to neutron irradiation. When conventional fusion welding is used for repair, intergranular cracks develop in the heat-affected zone(HAZ). Friction stir processing(FSP), which operates at much lower peak temperatures than fusion welding, was studied as a crack repair method for irradiated 304 L stainless steel. A numerical simulation of the FSP process in 304 L was developed to predict temperatures and recrystallized grain size in the stir zone. The model employed an Eulerian finite element approach,where flow stresses for a large range of strain rates and temperatures inherent in FSP were used as input. Temperature predictions in three locations near the stir zone were accurate to within 4%, while prediction of welding power was accurate to within 5% of experimental measurements. The predicted recrystallized grain sizes ranged from 7.6 to 10.6 μm, while the experimentally measured grains sizes in the same locations ranged from 6.0 to 7.6 μm. The maximum error in predicted recrystallized grain size was about 39%, but the associated stir zone hardness from the predicted grain sizes was only different from the experiment by about 10%.

关键词： Stainless steel Numerical simulation Friction stir welding Recrystallized grain size

Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker Department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

Take-over:multiple mechanisms of inter-adipocyte communication

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Journal of Molecular cell Biology 2011年第2期3卷 81-90页

作者： gunter Muller Department Biology I Genetics MartinsriedBiocenterLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunichGermany

Adipose tissue mass in mammals is thought to expand with an increase in both volume and total number of the *** findings suggest that in normal-weight as well as obese individuals,the adipocyte number is set during adolescence prior to adulthood,whereas the subsequent increase in size predominantly drives *** simultaneous existence of large and small adipocytes and their unsynchronized growth,even within the same adipose tissue depot,argues against simple filling-up of emerging adipocytes with lipids and lipid droplets(LDs).consequently,it is tempting to speculate about signals sent by large adipocytes to order small adipocytes the take-over of the burden of lipid *** there is experimental evidence for three distinct types of inter-adipocyte signals,***-to-cell contacts,adipokines,and other soluble factors and *** recently,microvesicles have been shown(i)to harbour the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored(c)AMP-degrading phosphodiesterase Gce1 and 5′-nucleotidase cD73,(ii)to be released from large adipocytes,(iii)to interact with small adipocytes,and(iv)to transfer Gce1 and cD73 to plasma membranes and LDs of small adipocytes where they degrade(c)*** sequence of events leads to the up-regulation of lipid storage in small adipocytes in response to the microvesicle-encoded‘take-over’signal from large adipocytes.A model is proposed for the maturation of small adipocytes driven by large ones along a gradient of those inter-adipocyte *** modulation of inter-adipocyte communication and thereby adipocyte maturation may be useful for the therapy of metabolic diseases.

关键词： adipokines fat cells glycosylphosphatidylinositol lipid droplets lipid metabolism microvesicles obesity type 2 diabetes

Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRNAs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of British columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P Gc-1α),SIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

Lithostratigraphy,Sedimentology,and Provenance of the Balfour Formation(Beaufort Group) in the Fort Beaufort-Alice Area,Eastern cape Province,South Africa

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第5期83卷 902-916页

作者： David KATEMAUNZANGA cornelis Janse gunter council for Geoscience PretoriaSouth Africa Geology Department University of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa

The Balfour Formation has a pronounced lithological variation that is characterized by alternating sandstone- and mudstone-dominated members. The sandstone-dominated Oudeberg and Barberskrans Members are composed of lithofacies that range from intraformationai conglomerates to fine-grained sediments, whereas the mudstone-dominated members （Daggaboersnek, Elandsberg, and Palingkloof） are dominated by the facies Fm and FI. Petrography, geochemistry, and a paleocurrent analysis indicated that the source rock of the Balfour Formation was to south east and the rocks had a transitional/dissected magmatic arc signature. The sandstones-rich members were deposited by seasonal and ephemeral high-energy, low-sinuous streams, and the fine-grained-rich members were formed by ephemeral meandering streams. The paleoclimates have been equated to present temperate climates; they were semiarid becoming arid towards the top of the Balfour Formation. This has been determined by reconstructing the paleolatitude of the Karoo Basin, geochemistry, paleontology, sedimentary structures, and other rock properties, like color.

关键词： Balfour Formation Karoo Supergroup Beaufort Group lithostratigraphy sedimentology provenance Permo-Triassic

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.Smith Jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Second Harmonic Generation in a KNbO_(3) Slab Waveguide

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chinese Physics Letters 1991年第4期8卷 180-183页

作者： WU Lusheng P.gunter Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Academia SinicaHefei 230031 Laboratory of Nonlinear Optics ETH-Honggerberg8093 ZurichSwitzerland

An experiment of second harmonic generation in a KNbO_(3) slab waveguide u reported.A power conversion efficiency of 11.3%and a slope efficiency of 17%have been obtained in a 93μm waveguide pumped by a Q-switched Nd:... 详细信息

关键词： Nd:YAG waveguide pumped

13 K thermally coupled two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerator

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chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第16期50卷 1814-1816页

作者： TANG Ke cHEN Guobang THUMMES gunter cryogenics Laboratory Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Institute of Applied Physics University of Giessen Giessen 35392Germany

Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerators have at-tracted academic and commercial interest in recent years due to their more compact configuration and higher effi-ciency than those of G-M type pulse tube refrigerators. In order to achieve a no-load cooling temperature below 20 K, a thermally coupled two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube refrig-erator has been built. The thermally coupled arrangement was expected to minimize the interference between the two stages and to simplify the adjustment and optimization of the phase shifters. A no-load cooling temperature of 14.97 K has been realized with the two-stage cooler driven by one linear compressor of 200 W electric input. When the two stages are driven by two compressors respectively, with total electric input of 400 W, the prototype has attained a no-load cooling temperature of 12.96 K, which is the lowest temperature ever reported with two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube refrigera-tors.

关键词：电冰箱交流换热器脉冲管制冷设备

Zeolites for Sensors for Reducing Gases

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稀有金属材料与工程 2006年第A03期35卷 447-451页

作者： Ralf Moos Kathy Sahner gunter Hagen Andreas Dubbe University of Bayreuth Functional Materials95440 BayreuthGermany

Due to their unique properties,zeolites can be used either as passive filters to greatly enhance selectivity or as very selective sensor *** well known principles are briefly reviewed and the following three novel application modes are *** can be applied as cover layers for specificity improvement of p-type semiconducting hydrocarbon ***,a novel combination of metal oxides with zeolites leading to a very selective hydrocarbon sensor is *** this application,it is shown that the interface chromium oxide/zeolite plays an essential ***,in a very recent approach,Na^+ ion conducting zeolites are applied as an auxiliary phase in a potentiometric gas *** cell voltage shows a Nernstian response,which is selective towards ***,the proposed mechanism assumes Na^+ activity changes in the zeolite pores due to hydrocarbon sorption.

关键词： ZSM 5 MFI impedance spectroscopy on-board diagnosis hydrocarbon sensor