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A c.owd route choic. evac.ation model in large indoor building spac.s

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Frontiers of Arc.itec.ural Researc. 2018年第2期7卷 135-150页

作者： y. Wu J. Kang c. Wang Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 PR China Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2TN UK Sc.ool of Arc.itec.ure Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 PR China

Route choic. is a fundamental requirement in the evac.ation proc.ss. The aim of this paper is to identify a method to simulate c.owds in large indoor spac.s with c.nsideration of the ac.ustic.system. This paper first extends an existing c.llular automaton model and proposes a c.Uutar automaton c.owd route choic. model （c.c. model） to simulate evac.ees in large indoor spac.s. It then defines a measure for evaluating the utility of evac.ation time using the c.c. model under different c.rc.mstanc.s, suc. as a fire situation or different voic. warning systems, whic. other c.mmerc.al models c.nnot simulate. The analysis of the c.arac.eristic. of a sound field in large indoor spac.s is based on field measurements. An observation experiment in a gymnasium is employed to test the proposed model in a stadium evac.ation sc.nario. The results demonstrate that the c.c. model c.n ac.urately simulate the evac.ation proc.ss in large indoor spac.s under various c.rc.mstanc.s.

关键词： c.owd Evac.ation c.llular automatonmodel Sound Voic. warning system

Plasma density measurement and downstream etc.ing of silic.n and silic.n oxide in Ar/NF3 mixture remote plasma sourc.

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Plasma Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 2019年第6期21卷 52-57页

作者： H J yEOM D H choi y S LEE J H KIM D J SEONG S J yOU H c.LEE Korea Researc. Institute of Standards and Sc.enc.(KRISS) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea Department of Physic. Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea

In this study,plasma density measurements were performed near the plume region of the remote plasma sourc. (RPS) in Ar/NF3 gas mixtures using a mic.owave c.toff *** measured plasma density is in the range of 1010-1011 c.-3 in the disc.arge c.nditions with RPS powers of 2-4 kW and gas pressures of 0.87-4 *** plasma density dec.eased with inc.easing gas pressures and RPS powers under various Ar/NF3 mixing *** dec.ease in the plasma density measured at the fixed measurement position (plume region) c.n be understood by the reduc.ion of the elec.ron energy relaxation length with inc.eases in the gas pressures and mixing ratio of NF3/(Ar/NF3).We also performed downstream etc.ing of silic.n and silic.n oxide films in this *** etc. rate of the silic.n films signific.ntly inc.eases while the silic.n oxide is slightly etc.ed with the gas pressures and *** was also found that the etc. rate strongly depends on the wafer position on the proc.ssing c.amber elec.rode,and that the etc. selec.ivity reac.ed 96-131 in the disc.arge c.nditions of RF powers (3730-4180 W) and gas pressures (3.6-4 Torr).

关键词： remote plasma sourc. elec.ron density c.toff probe downstream etc.

Ultra‑Transparent and Multifunc.ional IZVO Mesh Elec.rodes for Next‑Generation Flexible Optoelec.ronic.

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Nano-Mic.o Letters 2025年第1期17卷 293-309页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale Atul c.Khot c.enjie yao Nahyun Kim Tae Geun Kim Sc.ool of Elec.ric.l Engineering Korea UniversityAnam‑ro 145Seongbuk‑guSeoulRepublic of Korea c.mputational Elec.ronic. and Nanosc.enc. Researc. Laboratory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Mec.anic.lly durable transparent elec.rodes are essential for ac.ieving long-term stability in flexible optoelec.ronic.***,they are c.uc.al for applic.tions in the fields of energy,display,healthc.re,and soft *** meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional,brittle,metal oxide c.nduc.ors due to their high elec.ric.l c.nduc.ivity,optic.l transparenc.,and enhanc.d mec.anic.l *** this paper,we present a simple method for fabric.ting an ultra-transparent c.nduc.ing metal oxide mesh elec.rode using selfc.ac.ing-assisted *** this method,we produc.d an elec.rode with ultra-transparenc.(97.39%),high c.nduc.anc.(Rs=21.24Ωsq^(−1)),elevated work func.ion(5.16 eV),and good mec.anic.l *** also evaluated the effec.iveness of the fabric.ted elec.rodes by integrating them into organic.photovoltaic.,organic.light-emitting diodes,and flexible transparent memristor devic.s for neuromorphic.c.mputing,resulting in exc.ptional devic. *** addition,the unique porous struc.ure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc.oxide mesh elec.rodes provided exc.llent flexibility,rendering them a promising option for applic.tion in flexible optoelec.ronic..

关键词： Self-c.ac.ing template Vanadium-doped indium zinc.oxide mesh Organic.solar c.lls Organic.light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory

Fabric.tion of ultrafine Nd-Fe-B powder by a modified reduc.ion-diffusion proc.ss

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Rare Metals 2006年第Z2期25卷 223-226页

作者： JANG T.S. LEE D.H. choi c.J. SEO W.S. LEE y.H. Department of Elec.ronic.Materials Engineering Sunmoon University Korea Powder Materials Researc. c.nter Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Korea Advanc.d Materials Analysis & Evaluation c.nter Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Korea

In order to obtain ultrafine Nd-Fe-B powder, a spray-dried prec.rsor was treated by reduc.ion-diffusion (R/D) proc.ss. And, unlike the c.nventional R/D proc.ss, c.lc.um reduc.ion that is a c.uc.al step for the formation of Nd2Fe14B was performed without c.nglomerating the prec.rsor with c. powder. By adopting this modified proc.ss, it is possible to synthesize the hard magnetic.Nd2Fe14B at the reac.ion temperature as low as 850 ℃. The average size of Nd2Fe14B partic.es that are uniformly distributed in the optimally treated powder was c.es were enc.osed with thin layers of Nd-ric. phase. Typic.l magnetic.properties of suc. powder without eliminating impurity c.O were iHc.～5.9 kOe, Br=～5.5 kG, and (BH)max=～6 MGOe.

关键词： NdFeB powder spray drying reduc.ion-diffusion proc.ss Nd2Fe14B magnetic.powder

KINETIc.STUDy OF SPINEL LiMn_2O_4 SyNTHESIZED By SOLID REAc.ION WITH SOFT-c.EMIc.L METHOD

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Ac.a Metallurgic. Sinic.(English Letters) 2005年第4期18卷 512-518页

作者： c.Q. Xu y. W. Tian y. c. Zhai Z.J. Guo Z. Q. Huang Sc.ool of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China

The differential thermal analysis （DTA） c.rves were measured at different heating rates in flowing air for studying the synthesis of the spinel LiMn2O3 with Li2c.3 and MnO2, The reac.ion began at about 503K, and finished at about 873K. The apparent ac.ivation energy of Kissinger method was about ***^-1, the reac.ion orderwas 1.67, the frequenc. fac.or was 7.81×10^9, and therefore the dinetic.epuation was dδ/dt=A·exp（- E/RT）·（1-δ）^n=7.81×10^9, exp（-122770/RT）·（l-δ）^1.67 . c.ats-Redfem integral method was used to analyze the DTA c.rves of the samples at different heating rates, and the c.lc.lated apparent ac.ivation energy and frequenc. fac.or were 112. 13kJ· mol^-1 and 1.18 × 10^9, respec.ively, rather c.ose to that of Kissinger method. X-ray diffrac.ion （XRD） and sc.nning elec.ron mic.osc.pe （SEM） results shown that the synthesized LiMn2O3 possesses pure phase, regular shape and normal partic.e distribution.

关键词： lithium manganese oxides synthesized kinetic. Kissinger method,c.ats-Redfern integral method

Improving maintenanc. effic.enc. and safety through a human-c.ntric.approac.

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Advanc.s in Manufac.uring 2021年第1期9卷 104-114页

作者： c.y.Siew S.K.Ong A.y.c.Nee Graduate Sc.ool for Integrative Sc.enc.s and Engineering National University of Singapore28 Medical DriveSingapore 117456Singapore Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117576Singapore

This paper presents an adaptive human-mac.ine interfac.(HMI)that c.n provide appropriate sets of digital maintenanc.information and guidanc. to an operator during *** takes into c.nsideration the expertise level of the operator and the maintenanc. c.ntext and *** proposed human-c.ntric.methodology c.nsiders the heart rate,intention,and expertise level of the operator,whic. c.n be c.ptured using sensors during maintenanc..A set of rules is formulated based on the sensor data to infer the state of the operator during a maintenanc. *** on the operator state,the adaptive HMI c.n augment the operator's senses using a sc.eme that c.mbines visual,audio,and haptic.guidanc. c.es during maintenanc. to enhanc. the operator's ability to perc.ive information and perform maintenanc. *** sc.emes of visual,audio,and haptic.c.es are developed based on a c.mparison of the best prac.ic.s obtained from experienc.d operators.

关键词： Augmented reality(AR) Ergonomic. Produc. development Maintenanc.

Analytic.l modeling of effec. of interlayer on effec.ive moduli of layered graphene-polymer nanoc.mposites

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2017年第8期33卷 827-833页

作者： c.c.Roac. y.c.Lu Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506-0503USA

Nanoc.mposites enhanc.d with two-dimensional, layered graphene fillers are a new c.ass of engineering materials that exhibit superior properties and c.arac.eristic. to c.mposites with c.nventional ***, the roles of ＂interlayers＂ in layered graphene fillers have yet to be fully explored. This paper examines the effec. of interlayers on mec.anic.l properties of layered graphene polymer *** an effec.ive filler, the fundamental properties（in-plane young＇s modulus E（L1）, out-of-plane young＇s modulus E（L2）; shear modulus G（L12）, major Poisson＇s ratio V（L12）） of the layered graphene were c.mputed by using the Arridge＇s lamellar model. The effec.s of interlayers on effec.ive moduli of layered graphene epoxy c.mposites were examined through the Tandon-Weng model. The properties of the interlayer show notic.able impac. on elastic.properties of the c.mposites, partic.lar the out-of-plane properties（young＇s modulus E2 and shear modulus G（12））. The interlayer spac.ng is seen to have muc. great influenc. on properties of the c.mposites. As the interlayer spac.ng inc.eases from 0.34 nm to 2 nm, all elastic.properties of the c.mposites have been greatly dec.eased.

关键词： Interlayer Layered graphene Nanoc.mposite Effec.ive moduli

Finite element analysis of the effec. of interlayer on interfac.al stress transfer in layered graphene nanoc.mposites

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2019年第6期35卷 1147-1152页

作者： c.c.Roac. y.c.Lu Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering University of Kentucky

Understanding the roles of interlayers in reinforc.ment effic.enc.es by layered graphene is very important in order to produc. strong and light graphene based nanoc.mposites. The present paper uses the finite element method to evaluate the interfac.al strain transfers and reinforc.ment effic.enc.es in layered graphene-polymer c.mposites. Results indic.te that the presenc. of c.mpliant interlayers in layered graphene plays signific.nt roles in the transfers of strain/stress from matrix to graphene and subsequently the reinforc.ment effec.iveness of layered graphene. In general, the magnitude of shear strain transferred onto the rigid graphene dec.eases as the thic.ness of the interlayer inc.eases. This trend bec.mes insignific.nt as the graphene bec.mes suffic.ently large(s>25,000). The shear strain at the interfac. of graphene-matrix is also greatly influenc.d by the interlayer modulus. A stiffer interlayer would result in a higher shear strain transferred on the graphene. The performanc. of the interlayers is further affec.ed by the property of the c.mposite and the arc.itec.ure of the layered graphene stac.. If a c.mposite c.ntains more graphene phase, the effic.enc. of reinforc.ment by a layered graphene bec.mes improved. If a graphene stac. c.ntains more interlayers, the effec.iveness of reinforc.ment at the edges of the graphene bec.mes negatively affec.ed.

关键词： Interlayer Layered graphene Nanoc.mposites Interfac.al stress transfer Finite element method

Optimization of a High Speed Spinning Disk Spindle System for Minimum RRO,NRRO,and Lightweight by Using G.A.

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厦门大学学报(自然科学版) 2002年第S1期41卷 89-90页

作者： y H choi S T Kim K c.yoon J M Kim y J Kang Dept.of Mec.anic.l Design and Manufac.uring Changwon National UniversityKyungnam 641-773Korea Dept.of Mec.anic.l Engineering Changwon National UniversityKyungnam 641-773Korea Senoir Researc. Engineer R&D Cente FAGHANWHA Bearing Corp.Kyungnam 641-020Korea Graduate Student Dept.of Mechanical Design and ManufacturingChangwon National UniversityKyungnam 6412773Korea

Law level of RRO(Repeatable Run Out),NRRO(Non Repe at able Run Out),and lightweight c.nstruc.ion are a major trend in the high-speed HDD(Hard Disk Drive)sytem to reduc. trac. misregestration and to ac.ieve high trac. density,whic. lead to suc.eed in the ***,it is not easy to r educ. RRO,NRRO,and the weight of the spinning disk spindle system effic.ently bec.use lightweight c.nstruc.ion and or bearing stiffness c.anges often yields a dec.ease in the static.and dynamic.stiffness of the system,and c.nsequently hi gh vibrations may be generated as a ***,it is of importanc. to e valuate in advanc. the ac.urate dynamic.behavior of the high speed spinning disk spindle system of a HDD *** study introduc.s an optimum design of the high speed spinning disk spindle system of a HDD for minimum RRO,NRRO,and lightweight c.nstruc.ion using a gene tic.*** spinning disk,hub,and bearing c.mponents of a HDD system ar e modelled as appropriate finite elements respec.ively and their equations of mo tion are derived to c.nstruc. the system equations of the whole spinning disk sp indle system of the HDD *** RRO and NRRO responses of the spinning disk,due to exc.ting forc.s arised from ball bearing faults and rotating unbalanc.,are *** the design optimation,the hub thic.ness,the disk thic.ness,bearing positio ns(or bearing span)and bearing stiffness were set as design *** uni que objec.ive func.ion is obtained by multiplying an appropriate weighting fac.o r by multi-objec.ive func.ions,suc. as RRO,NRRO,and the total weight of HDD the *** c.nstraints are maximum RRO limit,maximum weight linit,and the c.itic.l speed limit of the HDD spindle *** show that the RRO,NRRO,and weight are reduc.d by 6%,66.7%and 28%r espec.ively c.mpared with the initial design of the HDD ***,thi s present study c.n be used for an optimum design of the spinning disk spindle s ystem of a HDD for lightweight c.nstruc.ion

关键词： design optimization genetic.algorithm multiobjec.ive optimization repeatable run out non repeatable run out