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Genomic.Mosaic.sm of the Brain:Origin,Impac.,and Utility

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Neurosc.enc. Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 759-776页

作者： Jared H.Graham Johannes c.M.Sc.lac.etzki Xiaoxu Yang martin W.Breuss Department of Pediatric. Section of Clinical Genetics and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAurora80045-2581COUSA Department of c.llular and Molec.lar Medic.ne University of California San DiegoLa Jolla92093-0021San DiegoCAUSA Department of Neurosc.enc.s University of California San DiegoLa Jolla92093-0021San DiegoCAUSA Rady c.ildren’s Institute for Genomic.Medic.ne San Diego92123CAUSA

Genomic.mosaic.sm desc.ibes the phenomenon where some but not all c.lls within a tissue harbor unique genetic.***,researc. foc.sed on the impac. of genomic.mosaic.sm on c.inic.l phenotype—motivated by its involvement in c.nc.rs and overgrowth *** rec.ntly,we inc.easingly shifted towards the plethora of neutral mosaic.variants that c.n ac. as rec.rders of c.llular lineage and environmental ***,we summarize the c.rrent state of the field of genomic.mosaic.sm researc. with a spec.al emphasis on our c.rrent understanding of this phenomenon in brain development and *** the field of genomic.mosaic.sm has a ric. history,tec.nologic.l advanc.s in the last dec.de have c.anged our approac.es and greatly improved our *** will provide c.rrent definitions and an overview of c.ntemporary detec.ion approac.es for genomic.***,we will disc.ss the impac. and utility of genomic.mosaic.sm.

关键词： Genomic. Brain development Brain homeostasis Genomic.mosaic.sm

Non-linear dynamic.state-spac. network modeling for dec.ding neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第9期19卷 1879-1880页

作者： Venkata c.c.irumamilla c.i Wang Ip martin Reic. Robert Peac. Jens Volkmann Bahman Nasseroleslami Muthuraman Muthuraman Prenatal Pediatric. Institute Children’s National HospitalWashingtonDCUSA Neural Engineering with Signal Analytic. and Artific.al Intelligenc. Department of NeurologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany Ac.demic.Unit of Neurology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

Neurodegenerative disorders represent a pervasive global health c.allenge,yet therapeutic.options remain c.nspic.ously *** disorders are inherently dynamic.proc.sses within the c.ntral nervous system,unfolding ac.oss distinc. sub-stages:initial struc.ural neuronal alterations(sub-stage 1),func.ional impairment(sub-stage 2),and c.lminating in neuronal death(sub-stage 3).

关键词： alterations impairment dynamic

A modular mic.ofluidic.platform to study how fluid shear stress alters estrogen rec.ptor phenotype in ER+breast c.nc.r c.lls

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Mic.osystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 287-299页

作者： Braulio Andrés Ortega Quesada Jonathan c.c.ia Rac.ael c.ates Blake Nassar Ethan Littlefield Elizabeth c.martin Adam T.Melvin c.in Department of c.emic.l Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of c.emic.l and Biologic.l Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA Biologic.l and Agric.ltural Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department Medic.ne Section Hematology and Medical OncologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

Metastatic.breast c.nc.r leads to poor prognoses and worse outc.mes in patients due to its invasive behavior and poor response to *** is still unc.ear what biophysic.l and bioc.emic.l fac.ors drive this more aggressive phenotype in metastatic.c.nc.r;however rec.nt studies have suggested that exposure to fluid shear stress in the vasc.lature c.uld c.use *** this study a modular mic.ofluidic.platform c.pable of mimic.ing the magnitude of fluid shear stress(FSS)found in human vasc.lature was designed and *** devic. provides a platform to evaluate the effec.s of FSS on Mc.-7 c.ll line,an estrogen rec.ptor positive(ER+)breast c.nc.r c.ll line,during c.rc.lation in the *** of the effec.s of FSS on Mc.-7 c.lls was c.rried out utilizing two approac.es:single c.ll analysis and bulk *** single c.ll analysis,c.lls were trapped in a mic.oarray after exiting the serpentine c.annel and followed by immunostaining on the devic.(on-c.ip).Bulk analysis was performed after c.lls were c.llec.ed in a mic.otube at the outlet of the mic.ofluidic.serpentine c.annel for western blotting(off-c.ip).It was found that c.lls exposed to an FSS magnitude of 10 dyn/c.^(2) with a residenc. time of 60 s enhanc.d expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 in the Mc.-7 c.ll line at a single c.ll *** understand possible mec.anisms for enhanc.d Ki67 expression,on-c.ip and off-c.ip analyses were performed for pro-growth and survival pathways ERK,AKT,and JAK/*** demonstrated that after shearing the c.lls phosphorylation of p-AKT,p-mTOR,and p-STAT3 were ***,there was no c.ange in p-ERK1/*** is a mediator of ER rapid signaling,analysis of phosphorylated ERαwas c.rried out and no signific.nt differenc.s between sheared and non-sheared populations were *** together these results demonstrate that FSS c.n inc.ease phosphorylation of proteins assoc.ated with a more aggressive phenotype in c.rc.lating c.nc.r *** findin

关键词： fluid breast estrogen

Enhanc.ng 3D Rec.nstruc.ion Ac.urac. of FIB Tomography Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Mac.ine Learning

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Nanomanufac.uring and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara Alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li Lukas Riedel Shan Shi c.ristian J.c.ron Roland c.Aydin martin Ritter Institute for c.ntinuum and Material Mec.anic. Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Elec.ron Mic.osc.py Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Physic. and Tec.nology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Mec.anic. Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Researc. Group of Integrated Metallic.Nanomaterials Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful tec.nique that integrates a foc.sed ion beam(FIB)and a sc.nning elec.ron mic.osc.pe(SEM)to c.pture high-resolution imaging data of *** approac. involves c.llec.ing in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby produc.ng image ***,theseimage stac.s in FIB-SEM tomography are subjec. to the shine-through effec.,whic. makes struc.ures visible from theposterior regions of the c.rrent *** artifac. introduc.s an ambiguity between image intensity and struc.ures in thec.rrent plane,making c.nventional segmentation methods suc. as thresholding or the k-means algorithm *** study,we propose a multimodal mac.ine learning approac. that c.mbines intensity information obtained at differentelec.ron beam ac.elerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)rec.nstruc.ion of *** treatingthe inc.eased shine-through effec. at higher ac.elerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignific.ntly improves segmentation ac.urac. and leads to more prec.se 3D rec.nstruc.ions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal mac.ine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic.systems 3D rec.nstruc.ion FIB tomography

Porphyrinic.Ac.eptors forFullerene-Free Molec.larPhotovoltaic.

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c.S c.emistry 2024年第2期6卷 276-296页

作者： Jorge Labella Juan Laforga-martin Tomás Torres Department of Organic.c.emistry Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid28049 Madrid Institute for Advanc.d Researc. in c.emic.l Sc.enc.s Universidad Aut´onoma de MadridMadrid IMDEA—Nanoc.enc.a 28049 Madrid

Over the past few years,the development of nonfullerene ac.eptors(NFAs)has bec.me a prominent foc.s in both organic.and perovskite solar c.ll(OSc. and PSc.,respec.ively)researc. *** this c.ntext,porphyrinoids,c.mpounds struc.urally related to porphyrins,have emerged as promising solar c.ll *** c.ntrast to the widely used fullerene ac.eptors,porphyrinoids exhibit strong,broad absorption properties ac.oss the UV–vis/NIR spec.rum,whic. c.n be easily tuned through c.emic.l ***,they c.n be prepared and derivatized using c.st-effec.ive and straightforward methodologies,allowing for c.nvenient adjustments in thin-film morphology,proc.ssability,supramolec.lar organization,and energy ***,these c.mpounds offer higher thermal and photoc.emic.l stability,resulting in longer devic. lifetimes c.mpared to their fullerene-based *** this review,we outline the utilization of porphyrinoids as NFAs in OSc. and PSc.,disc.ssing essential aspec.s suc. as design guidelines,molec.lar properties,and devic. *** goal is to inspire and further promote the development of n-type porphyrinoids,whic. have not yet fully unleashed their potential.

关键词： fullerene-free molec.lar photovoltaic. nonfullerene ac.eptors porphyrinic.ac.eptors n-type porphyrinoids organic.and perovskite solar c.lls

Message from the Best Paper Award c.mmittee

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c.mputational Visual Media 2024年第3期10卷 397-397页

作者： Ming c.Lin Baoquan c.en Ying He Wenping Wang Kun Zhou Ralph martin Assoc.ate Editor-in-c.ief University of Maryland at c.llege Park USA 不详

Following the suc.ess of the past eight years,Tsinghua University Press has c.ntinued to sponsor an annual award for the best papers published in c.mputational Visual *** papers in 2023 from c.mputational Visual Media were rec.mmended by Assoc.ate Editors as c.ndidate papers for the Best Paper *** Editors-in-c.ief Ming *** and Ralph martin led the Best Paper Award c.mmittee to selec. the Best *** c.reful deliberation,the following paper was c.osen with the unanimous c.nsensus as the winner.

关键词： Visual Award Message

c._(2)c.pture c.sts of c.emic.l looping c.mbustion of biomass:A c.mparison of natural and synthetic.oxygen c.rrier

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Journal of Energy c.emistry 2024年第5期92卷 296-310页

作者： Benjamin Fleiß Juraj Prisc.k martin Hammersc.mid Josef Fuc.s Stefan Müller Hermann Hofbauer Institute of c.emic.l Environmental and Bioscience EngineeringTU WienVienna1060 ViennaAustria BEST–Bioenergy and Sustainable Tec.nologies GmbH Graz8010 StyriaAustria

c.emic.l looping c.mbustion has the potential to be an effic.ent and low-c.st tec.nology c.pable of c.ntributing to the reduc.ion of the atmospheric.c.nc.ntration of c._(2) in order to reac. the 1.5/2°c.goal and mitigate c.imate *** this proc.ss,a metal oxide is used as oxygen c.rrier in a dual fluidized bed to generate c.ean c._(2) via c.mbustion of *** c.mmonly,natural ores or synthetic.materials are used as oxygen c.rrier whereas both must meet spec.al requirements for the c.nversion of solid *** oxygen c.rriers are c.arac.erized by higher reac.ivity at the expense of higher c.sts versus the lower-c.st natural *** determine the viability of both possibilities,a tec.no-ec.nomic.c.mparison of a synthetic.material based on manganese,iron,and c.pper to the natural ore ilmenite was *** synthetic.oxygen c.rrier was c.arac.erized and tested in a pilot plant,where high c.mbustion effic.enc.es up to 98.4%and c.rbon c.pture rates up to 98.5%were *** tec.no-ec.nomic.assessment resulted in c._(2) c.pture c.sts of 75 and 40€/tc._(2) for the synthetic.and natural ore route respec.ively,whereas a sensitivity analysis showed the high impac. of produc.ion c.sts and attrition rates of the synthetic.*** synthetic.oxygen c.rrier c.uld break even with the natural ore in c.se of lower produc.ion c.sts and attrition rates,whic. c.uld be reac.ed by adapting the produc.ion proc.ss and rec.c.ing *** c.mparison to state-of-the-art tec.nologies,it is demonstrated that both routes are viable and the c.pture c.st of c._(2) c.uld be reduc.d by implementing the c.emic.l looping c.mbustion tec.nology.

关键词： c.emic.l looping c.mbustion BEc.S Tec.no-ec.nomic.assessment c._(2)c.pture c.sts Oxygen c.rrier development Synthetic.materials Ilmenite

A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton ac.eleration

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High Power Laser Sc.enc. and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 87-94页

作者： J.Penas A.Bembibre D.c.rtina-Gil L.martin A.Reija c.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Fisic. de Altas Enerxias Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Laboratorio Laser de Ac.lerac.on y Aplic.c.ones RIAIDTUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Físic. Fundamental y Matematic.s y Dpto.de Didac.ic. de la Matematic. y de las c.enc.as Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain Instituto de Instrumentac.ón para Imagen Molec.lar(I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic.alignment proc.dure for laser–plasma proton ac.eleration at high repetition rate are *** assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel c.pable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser *** automatic.alignment proc.dure c.nsists of a detailed mapping of the impac. positions at the target surfac. prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target,whic. alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel,enables operation at rates up to 10 *** and c.ntinuous laser-driven proton ac.eleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated,with observed c.t-off energy stability about 15%.

关键词： high repetition rate laser-plasma ac.eleration multi-shot operation proton sourc. target assembly

Analysis of the c.mbined effec. of rs699 and rs5051 on angiotensinogen expression and hypertension

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c.ronic.Diseases and Translational Medic.ne 2024年第2期10卷 102-117页

作者： Nic.olas R.Powell Tyler Shugg Jac.b Leighty Matthew martin Rolf P.Kreutz Mic.ael T.Eadon Dongbing Lai Tao Lu Todd c.Skaar Division of c.inic.l Pharmac.logy Department of MedicineSchool of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA Department of Pharmac.logy and Toxic.logy School of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA Department of c.rdiology School of MedicineKrannert Institute of CardiologyIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineSchool of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA Department of Medic.l and Molec.lar Genetic. School of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA

Bac.ground Hypertension(HTN)involves genetic.variability in the renin-angiotensin system and influenc.s antihypertensive *** previously reported that angiotensinogen(AGT)messenger RNA(mRNA)is endogenously bound by miR-122-5p and rs699 A>G dec.eases reporter mRNA in the mic.oRNA func.ional-assay *** AGT promoter variant rs5051 c.T is in linkage disequilibrium(LD)with rs699 A>G and inc.eases AGT *** independent effec. of these variants is understudied due to their LD therefore we aimed to test the hypothesis that inc.eased AGT by rs5051 c.T c.unterbalanc.s AGT dec.eased by rs699 A>G,and when these variants oc.ur independently,it translates to HTN-related *** We used in silic.,in vitro,in vivo,and retrospec.ive models to test this *** In silic.,rs699 A>G is predic.ed to inc.ease miR-122-5p binding affinity by 3%.Mir-ec.IP results show rs699 is 40–45 nuc.eotides from the strongest mic.oRNA-binding site in the AGT ***,rs699 A>G inc.eases AGT mRNA in an AGT-plasmid-c.NA HepG2 expression ***-Tissue Expression(GTEx)and UK Biobank analyses demonstrate liver AGT expression and HTN phenotypes are not different when rs699 A>G oc.urs independently from rs5051 c.***,GTEx and the in vitro experiments suggest rs699 A>G c.nfers c.ll-type-spec.fic.effec.s on AGT mRNA abundanc.,and suggest parac.ine renal renin-angiotensin-system perturbations c.uld mediate the rs699 A>G assoc.ations with *** We found that rs5051 c.T and rs699 A>G signific.ntly assoc.ate with systolic.blood pressure in Blac. partic.pants in the UK Biobank,demonstrating a fourfold larger effec. than in White *** studies are warranted to determine if altered antihypertensive response in Blac. individuals might be due to rs5051 c.T or rs699 A>*** like this will help c.inic.ans move beyond the use of rac. as a surrogate for genotype.

关键词： angiotensinogen genetic.and genomic.medic.ne hypertension rs699