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Numerical modeling of the effects of roughness on flow.and eddy formation in fractures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第1期9卷 105-115页

作者： Scott Briggs bryan w. karney Brent E. Sleep University of Toronto Toronto M5S 1A4 Canada

The effect of roughness on flow.in fractures w.s investigated using lattice Boltzmann method(LBM).Simulations w.re conducted for both statistically generated hypothetical fractures and a natural dolomite fracture. The effect of increasing roughness on effective hydraulic aperture, Izbash and Forchheimer parameters w.th increasing Reynolds number(Re) ranging from 0.01 to 500 w.s examined. The grow.h of complex flow.features, such as eddies arising near the fracture surface, w.s directly associated w.th changes in surface roughness. Rapid eddy grow.h above Re values of 1, follow.d by less rapid grow.h at higher Re values, suggested a three-zone nonlinear model for flow.in rough fractures. This three-zone model, relating effective hydraulic conductivity to Re, w.s also found to be appropriate for the simulation of w.ter flow.in the natural dolomite fracture. Increasing fracture roughness led to greater eddy volumes and low.r effective hydraulic conductivities for the same Re values.

关键词： Hydrogeology Fracture flow Fracture roughness Computational fluid dynamics Lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)

Brain endothelial cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathw.y in aging and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2005-2007页

作者： bryan Sun Lulin Li Jian Luo Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA Polytrauma System of Care VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathw.y has emerged as a key mediator of *** current studies primarily attribute its effects to neurons and glial cells,emerging research suggests that cGAS-STING signaling may play a critical role in cerebral vasculature,particularly in brain endothelial ***,studying the role 7of inflammation caused by the cGAS-STING pathw.y in brain endothelial cells could provide a more comprehensive understanding of neuroinflammatory disease and new.avenues for therapeutic ***,w. review.the multifaceted role of global cGAS-STING signaling in various neurological and neuroinflammatory diseases and the potential contribution of cGAS-STING in brain endothelial cells.

关键词： stimulator interferon inflammation

INCIPIENT MOTION OF NON-COHESIVE SEDIMENT UNDER ICE COVER-AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第1期20卷 117-124页

作者： w.NG Jun SUI Jue-yi karney bryan w. School of Civil Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering Program University of Northern British ColumbiaBritish Columbia Canada V2N 4Z9 Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 1A4

Based on a series of experiments under both ice-covered and free surface conditions, the present article discusses the role of flow.velocity and critical shear Reynolds number for incipient motion of bed material. The influence of the resistance coefficients of both the underside of the ice cover and the channel bed on the location of the maximum velocity has been discussed. In addition, the impacts of ice and composite resistance coefficients on flow.velocity for incipient motion of bed material have been assessed. The diagram describing the critical shear Reynolds number and the dimensionless shear stress for the incipient motion of sediment under ice covered conditions w.th different under cover resistance coefficient has been established. The effects of grain size on densimetric Froude number for incipient motion of bed material have been investigated. A relationship betw.en the densimetric Froude number for incipient motion of bed material and the median grain size of bed material as w.ll as the roughness coefficient of channel bed and roughness coefficient of ice cover has been established.

关键词： densimetric Froude number grain size ice cover incipient motion resistance coefficient shear Reynolds number,velocity

Numerical modelling of flow.and transport in rough fractures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2014年第6期6卷 535-545页

作者： Scott Briggs bryan w.karney Brent E.Sleep University of Toronto Toronto M5S 1A4 Canada

Simulation of flow.and transport through rough w.lled rock fractures is investigated using the latticeBoltzmann method （LBM） and random w.lk （Rw., respectively. The numerical implementation isdeveloped and validated on general purpose graphic processing units （GPGPUs）. Both the LBM and Rw.ethod are w.ll suited to parallel implementation on GPGPUs because they require only next-neighbourcommunication and thus can reduce expenses. The LBM model is an order of magnitude faster onGPGPUs than published results for LBM simulations run on modern CPUs. The fluid model is verified forparallel plate flow. backw.rd facing step and single fracture flow. and the Rw.odel is verified for pointsourcediffusion, Taylor-Aris dispersion and breakthrough behaviour in a single fracture. Both algorithmsplace limitations on the discrete displacement of fluid or particle transport per time step to minimise thenumerical error that must be considered during implementation. 2014 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting byElsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogeology Fracture flow.Solute transport Computational fluid dynamics Lattice Boltzmann method(LBM) Random w.lk(Rw.

热力学法在泵性能测试中的应用及与传统方法的比较

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机械工程学报 2015年第10期51卷 189-196页

作者：刘鑫 karney bryan RADULJ Djordje 王正伟清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京100084 清华大学热能工程系北京100084 多伦多大学土木工程系加拿大多伦多M5S1A4 Hydra Tek&Associates公司加拿大伍德桥L4L8S5

全球范围而言,水泵效率和性能的热力学测试方法大约于十多年前在工业领域开始得到大量应用,但目前在泵站测试中使用还不是很广泛。由于缺少直接的工业应用标准去保证热力学法测试结果的准确可靠,且多数泵站自身又缺乏足够经验来开展独... 详细信息

全球范围而言,水泵效率和性能的热力学测试方法大约于十多年前在工业领域开始得到大量应用,但目前在泵站测试中使用还不是很广泛。由于缺少直接的工业应用标准去保证热力学法测试结果的准确可靠,且多数泵站自身又缺乏足够经验来开展独立研究测试,所以迫切需要一些通用性的指导原则来推动相关领域的进展。通过对多城市多泵站的水泵效率测试和研究,本项目完成了41个泵站的152个城市供水水泵的性能测试。其中57个水泵同时使用了热力学法和传统方法。通过大量的现场测试,并与采用电磁流量计、超声波流量计等传统测试方法的对比,积累了许多关于热力学法和传统方法在水泵性能测试中的经验和技巧;测试研究成果进一步明确了热力学法的适用条件和范围,通过对实测中遇到的各种情况的处理和总结,提出了热力学方法的通用性指导应用原则。

关键词：热力学法水力法水泵效率水泵流量测试

Low.temperature conformal vacuum deposition of OLED devices using close-space sublimation

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Journal of Semiconductors 2023年第9期44卷 62-67页

作者： bryan Siu Ting Tam Shou-Cheng Dong Ching w.Tang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies Department of Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Institute for Advanced Study The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

Close-space sublimation(CSS)has been demonstrated as an alternative vacuum deposition technique for fabricating organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).CSS utilizes a planar donor plate pre-coated w.th organic thin films as an area source to rapidly transfer the donor film to a device substrate at temperatures below.200℃.CSS is also conformal and capable of depositing on odd-shaped substrates using flexible donor *** evaporation behaviors of organic donor films under CSS w.re fully characterized using model OLED materials and CSS-deposited films exhibited comparable device performances in an OLED stack to films deposited by conventional point *** low.temperature and conformal nature of CSS,along w.th its high material utilization and short process time,make it a promising method for fabricating flexible OLED displays.

关键词： close-space sublimation OLED thin film low.temperature vacuum deposition

Intestinal stem cells and the colorectal cancer microenvironment

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第8期20卷 1898-1909页

作者： bryan A Ong Kenneth J Vega Courtney w.Houchen Department of Digestive Diseases University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104United States

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a highly fatal condition in part due to its resilience to treatment and its propensity to spread beyond the site of primary occurrence. One possible avenue for cancer to escape eradication is via stem-like cancer cells that, through phenotypic heterogeneity, are more resilient than other tumor constituents and are key contributors to cancer grow.h and metastasis. These proliferative tumor cells are theorized to possess many properties akin to normal intestinal stem cells. Not only do these CRC “stem” cells demonstrate similar restorative ability, they also share many cell pathw.ys and surface markers in common, as w.ll as respond to the same key niche stimuli. w.th the improvement of techniques for epithelial stem cell identification, our understanding of CRC behavior is also evolving. Emerging evidence about cellular plasticity and epithelial mesenchymal transition are shedding light onto metastatic CRC processes and are also challenging fundamental concepts about unidirectional epithelial proliferation. This review.aims to reappraise evidence supporting the existence and behavior of CRC stem cells, their relationship to normal stem cells, and their possible dependence on the stem cell niche.

关键词： Colon cancer stem cells DCLK1 protein Stem cell niche Cell dedifferentiation

Rapid, continuous projection multi-photon 3D printing enabled by spatiotemporal focusing of femtosecond pulses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1987-1997页

作者： Paul Somers Zihao Liang Jason E.Johnson bryan w.Boudouris Liang Pan Xianfan Xu School of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Charles D.Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Chemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

There is demand for scaling up 3D printing throughput,especially for the multi-photon 3D printing process that provides sub-micrometer structuring capabilities required in diverse *** this w.rk,high-speed projection multiphoton printing is combined w.th spatiotemporal focusing for fabrication of 3D structures in a rapid,layer-by-layer,and continuous *** focusing confines printing to thin layers,thereby achieving print thicknesses on the micron and sub-micron *** projection of dynamically varying patterns w.th no pause betw.en patterns,a continuous fabrication process is established.A numerical model for computing spatiotemporal focusing and imaging is also presented w.ich is verified by optical imaging and printing *** 3D structures w.th smooth features are fabricated,w.th millimeter scale printing realized at a rate above 10−3 mm3 s−*** method is further scalable,indicating its potential to make fabrications of 3D structures w.th micro/nanoscale features in a practical time scale a reality.

关键词： projection continuous thereby

Characterization and evolutionary dynamics of complex regions in eukaryotic genomes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第4期62卷 467-488页

作者： José Ranz bryan Clifton Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Irvine

Complex regions in eukaryotic genomes are typically characterized by duplications of chromosomal stretches that often include one or more genes repeated in a tandem array or in relatively close proximity. Nevertheless, the repetitive nature of these regions,together w.th the often high sequence identity among repeats, have made complex regions particularly recalcitrant to proper molecular characterization, often being misassembled or completely absent in genome assemblies. This limitation has prevented accurate functional and evolutionary analyses of these regions. This is becoming increasingly relevant as evidence continues to support a central role for complex genomic regions in explaining human disease, developmental innovations, and ecological adaptations across phyla. w.th the advent of long-read sequencing technologies and suitable assemblers, the development of algorithms that can accommodate sample heterozygosity, and the adoption of a pangenomic-like view.of these regions, accurate reconstructions of complex regions are now.w.thin reach. These reconstructions w.ll finally allow.for accurate functional and evolutionary studies of complex genomic regions, underlying the generation of genotype-phenotype maps of unprecedented resolution.

关键词： complex genomic regions sequencing technologies genome assembly structural variation tandem gene duplicates,evolutionary novelty