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C:N:P stoichiometry and nutrient limitation of the soil microbial biomass in a grazed grassland site under experimental P limitation or exces

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Ecological Processes 2012年第1期1卷 66-76页

作者： bryan S Griffiths Annette Spilles Michael Bonkowski Teagasc Environment Research CentreJohnstown CastleWexfordCoWexfordIreland Current address:SAC King's BuildingsWest Mains RoadEdinburgh EH93JGUK Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universität zu Köln Zoologisches Institut Abt.TerrestrischeÖkologieBiowissenschaftliches ZentrumOtto-Fischer-Str.6D-50674KölnGermany

Introduction:The availability of essential nutrients,such as nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P),can feedback on soil carbon(C)and the soil microbial *** cycles can be supplemented by agricultural fertiliser addition,and we determined whether the stoichiometry and nutrient limitation of the microbial biomass could be affected by an unbalanced nutrient ***:Samples were taken from a long-term trial(in effect since 1968)with annual applications of 0,15 and 30 kg P ha^(−1) with constant N and *** and microbial biomass CNP contents were measured and nutrient limitation assessed by substrate-induced *** regression and discriminant analyses were used to identify the variables explaining nutrient ***:Soil and biomass CNP increased with increasing P fertiliser,and there was a significant,positive,correlation between microbial biomass P and biomass C,apart from at the highest level of P fertilisation when the microbial biomass was over-saturated with *** molar ratios of C:N:P in the microbial biomass remained constant(homeostatic)despite large changes in the soil nutrient *** growth was generally limited by C and N,except in soil with no added P when C and P were the main limiting nutrients.C,N and P,however,did not explain all the growth limitation on the soils with no added ***:Increased soil C and N were probably due to increased net primary *** results confirm that C:N:P ratios within the microbial biomass were constrained(***)under near optimum soil *** with no added P were characterised by strong microbial P limitation and soils under high P by over-saturation of microorganisms with *** changes in biomass C:P can be indicative of nutrient limitation within a site.

关键词： Carbon Nitrogen Nutrient limitation Phosphorus Soil microbial biomass Stoichiometry

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Transforming the cost of solar-to-electrical energy conversion: Integrating thin-film GaAs solar cells with non-tracking mini-concentrators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 367-373页

作者： Kyusang Lee Jaesang Lee bryan A Mazor Stephen R Forrest Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Physics University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Material Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Practical solar energy solutions must not only reduce the cost of the module,but also address the substantial balance of system ***,we demonstrate a counter-intuitive approach based on gallium arsenide solar cells that can achieve extremely low-cost solar energy conversion with an estimated cost of only 3% that of conventional gallium arsenide solar cells using an accelerated,non-destructive epitaxial lift-off wafer recycling process along with a lightweight,thermoformed plastic,truncated mini-compound parabolic concentrator that avoids the need for active solar *** solar cell/concentrator assemblies whose orientations are adjusted only a few times per year,the annual energy harvesting is increased by 2.8 times compared with planar solar cells without solar *** results represent a potentially drastic cost reduction in both the module and the balance of system costs compared with heavy,rigid conventional modules and trackers that are subject to wind loading damage and high installation costs.

关键词： concentrator cost per Watt epitaxial lift-off plastic substrate thin-film GaAs solar cell

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The role of cysteine-rich secretory proteins in male fertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第1期13卷 111-117页

作者： Adam J Koppers Thulasimala Reddy Moira K O＇bryan Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology School of Biomedical Sciences Monash University Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia

The cysteine-rich secretory proteins （CRISPs） are a subgroup of the CRISP, antigen 5 and Pr-1 （CAP） protein superfamily, and are found only in vertebrates. They show a strong expression bias to the mammalian male reproductive tract and the venom of poisonous reptiles. Within the male reproductive tract CRISPs have been implicated in many aspects of male germ cell biology spanning haploid germ cell development, epididymal maturation, capacitation, motility and the actual processes of fertilization. At a structural level, CRISPs are composed of two domains, a CAP domain, which has been implicated in cell-cell adhesion, and a CRISP domain, which has been shown to regulate several classes of ion channels across multiple species. Herein, we will review the current literature on the role of CRISPs in male fertility, and by inference to related non-mammalian protein, infer potential biochemical functions.

关键词： CRISPs epididymis fertility spermatozoa testis

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Authentic leadership and employees’job performance:mediation effect of positive employee health

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Journal of Management Analytics 2023年第3期10卷 566-582页

作者： Yan Liu bryan Fuller Kim Hester Hong Chen Indiana University East RichmondINUSA Louisiana Tech University RustonLAUSA Arkansas State University JonesboroARUSA

In light of global competition and the COVID-19 pandemic,organizations are encountering an increasingly challenging and unpredictable ***,employees are experiencing heightened levels of job *** study aims to explore the impact of various organizational mechanisms on promoting positive employee health within the organization,ultimately affecting employees’job *** findings of this study indicate that authentic leadership and the absence of organizational politics are significant predictors of positive employee ***,positive employee health has a positive influence on supervisor-rated job performance through its effect on job *** study serves as a valuable resource for organizations,shedding light on the fundamental factors that contribute to positive employee *** also raises managers’awareness of the importance of nurturing and sustaining employees’emotional and physical well-being to maintain competitiveness in the market.

关键词： Positive employee health job performance authentic leadership job engagement

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EFFECTS OF RIVER ICE ON STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIPS——A CASE STUDY OF THE YELLOW RIVER

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第4期22卷 263-272页

作者： Ronald THRING bryan W. KARNEY Prof. Environmental Engineering University of Northern British Columbia 3333 University Way Prince George BC Canada V2N 4Z9 Prof. Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto 35 St. George Street Toronto ON Canada M5S 1A4

Using field observations at four gauging stations along the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River in China, this paper explores effects of the ice on the hydraulics of this river reach for four different conditions, namely: under open channel flow, during ice-running period, the ice-covered period, and the river break-up period. The rating curves were found to be well recognized under open channel situations, but were sometimes poorly defined and extremely variable under ice conditions. The results also show that the water level is insensitive to flowing ice prior to freeze-up. However, significant, but hardly surprising, variations were observed during ice-covered conditions. The rating curves for both the ice covered condition and river ice breakup period are developed and some related hydraulic issues are examined. Additionally, the impacts of the ice accumulation and associated riverbed deformation during ice period on the rating curves are discussed.

关键词： Ice-running period Ice covered period Rating curve Riverbed deformation River ice break-up

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Intestinal stem cells and the colorectal cancer microenvironment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第8期20卷 1898-1909页

作者： bryan A Ong Kenneth J Vega Courtney W Houchen Department of Digestive Diseases University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104United States

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a highly fatal condition in part due to its resilience to treatment and its propensity to spread beyond the site of primary occurrence. One possible avenue for cancer to escape eradication is via stem-like cancer cells that, through phenotypic heterogeneity, are more resilient than other tumor constituents and are key contributors to cancer growth and metastasis. These proliferative tumor cells are theorized to possess many properties akin to normal intestinal stem cells. Not only do these CRC “stem” cells demonstrate similar restorative ability, they also share many cell pathways and surface markers in common, as well as respond to the same key niche stimuli. With the improvement of techniques for epithelial stem cell identification, our understanding of CRC behavior is also evolving. Emerging evidence about cellular plasticity and epithelial mesenchymal transition are shedding light onto metastatic CRC processes and are also challenging fundamental concepts about unidirectional epithelial proliferation. This review aims to reappraise evidence supporting the existence and behavior of CRC stem cells, their relationship to normal stem cells, and their possible dependence on the stem cell niche.

关键词： Colon cancer stem cells DCLK1 protein Stem cell niche Cell dedifferentiation

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In the presence of danger: the extracellular matrix defensive response to central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第4期9卷 377-384页

作者： Lyn B.Jakeman Kent E.Williams bryan Brautigam Department of Physiology and Cell Biology Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Studies Program Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA Biomedical Research Graduate Program Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA OSU Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA

Glial cells in the central nervous system （CNS） contribute to formation of the extracellular matrix, which provides adhesive sites, signaling molecules, and a diffusion barrier to enhance efficient on and axon potential propagation. In the normal adult CNS, the extracellular matrix （ECM） is relatively stable except in selected regions characterized by dynamic remodeling. However, after trauma such as a spinal cord injury or cortical contusion, the lesion epicenter becomes a focus of acute neuroinflammation. The activation of the surrounding glial cells leads to a dramatic change in the composition of the ECM at the edges of the lesion, creating a perilesion environment dominated by growth inhibitory molecules and restoration of the peripheral/ central nervous system border. An advantage of this response is to limit the invasion of damaging cells and diffusion of toxic molecules into the spared tissue regions, but this occurs at the cost of inhibiting migration of endogenous repair cells and preventing axonal regrowth. The following review was prepared by reading and discussing over 200 research articles in the field published in PubMed and selecting those with significant impact and/or controversial points. This article highlights structural and functional features of the normal adult CNS ECM and then focuses on the reactions of glial cells and changes in the perilesion border that occur following spinal cord or contusive brain injury. Current research strategies directed at modifying the inhibitory perilesion microenvironment without eliminating the protective functions of glial cell activation are discussed.

关键词： nerve regeneration glial scar proteoglycan axon growth spinal cord injury contusion inhibitory inflammation astrocyte macrophage neural regeneration

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Towards personalised public warnings: harnessing technological advancements to promote better individual decision-making in the face of disasters

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第12期10卷 1231-1252页

作者： Yinghui Cao bryan J.Boruff Ilona M.McNeill School of Earth and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWAAustralia Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia

Official warnings are essential for informing the public of impending hazards and promoting their responses before a disaster ***,research has identified that traditional public warnings,such as generic text messages based on large geographic regions,often fail to promote appropriate responses by at-risk ***,there has been an increased focus on using map-based approaches for communicating public ***,a systematic framework to guide the design of effective mapping instruments for this purpose is *** researchers sought to fill this gap by merging the scholarly understanding of factors influencing warning effectiveness with the contemporary spatial capacities of the emergency management *** current paper presents the conceptual framework resulting from this merger,which can be used to direct the design and implementation of map-based warnings that offer personalised risk visualisation and provide personalised decision support to motivate appropriate *** example is then provided to illustrate how this framework can be applied for the development of personalised bushfire warnings in an Australian *** by webGIS technologies,the proposed framework shows a potentially ground-breaking approach to improve public warning communication by fostering more efficient and effective risk personalisation and response related decision-making by individuals.

关键词： Public warning risk communication map GIS wildfire

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Regulation of the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE genes/microRNA 156 Module by the Homeodomain Proteins PENNYWISE and POUND-FOOLISH in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1123-1132页

作者： Shruti Lal Leo bryan Pacis Harley M.S. Smith Genetics Genomics and Bioinformatics Graduate Program University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute of Integrative Genome Biology Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

The morphology of inflorescences is regulated in part by the temporal and spatial events that regulate flower specification. In Arabidopsis, an endogenous flowering time pathway mediated by a subset of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER- BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE （SPL） transcription factors, including SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5, function to specify flowers by activating floral meristem identity genes. During shoot development, SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5 are post-transcriptionally regulated by microRNA156 （miR156）. The photoperiod regulated florigenic signal, FLOWERING LOCUS T （FT）, promotes floral induction, in part by activating SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5. In turn, these SPLs function in parallel with FT to specify flower meristems. Two related BELLl-like homeobox genes PENNYWISE （PNY） and POUND-FOOLISH （PNF） expressed in the shoot apical meristem are absolutely required for the specification of floral meristems. Genetic studies show that the floral specification function of FT depends upon PNYand PNF; however, the interplay between these homeodomain proteins and SPLs is not known. In this manuscript, we show that the photoperiodic floral induction of SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5 is dependent upon PNY and PNE Further, PNY and PNF also control SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5 expression by negatively regulating miR156. Lastly, ectopic expres- sion of SPL4 partially rescues the pny pnf non-flower-producing phenotype, while overexpression of SPL3 or SPL5 in pny pnf plants was unable to restore flower specification. These results suggest that：（1） SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5 function is dependent upon PNY and PNF, or （2） expression of multiple SPLs is required for floral specification in pny pnf plants.

关键词： Development meristem homeodomain flowering microRNA.

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Advances in active fire detection using a multi-temporal method for next-generation geostationary satellite data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第9期12卷 1030-1045页

作者： bryan Hally Luke Wallace Karin Reinke Simon Jones Andrew Skidmore School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre MelbourneAustralia Faculty for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands Department of Environmental Science Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia

A vital component of fire detection from remote sensors is the accurateestimation of the background temperature of an area in fire’s absence,assisting in identification and attribution of fire activity. Newgeostationary sensors increase the data available to describebackground temperature in the temporal domain. Broad area methodsto extract the expected diurnal cycle of a pixel using this temporally richdata have shown potential for use in fire detection. This paper describesan application of a method for priming diurnal temperature fitting ofimagery from the Advanced Himawari Imager. The BAT method is usedto provide training data for temperature fitting of target pixels, to whichthresholds are applied to detect thermal anomalies in 4 μm imageryover part of Australia. Results show the method detects positive thermalanomalies with respect to the diurnal model in up to 99% of caseswhere fires are also detected by Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellite activefire products. In absence of LEO active fire detection, but where aburned area product recorded fire-induced change, this method alsodetected anomalous activity in up to 75% of cases. Potentialimprovements in detection time of up to 6 h over LEO products are alsodemonstrated.

关键词： Fire detection diurnal variation geostationary sensors broad area training advanced himawari imager

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