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Non-native plant species richness and influence of greenhouses and human populations in the conterminous United States

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 388-401页

作者： brice B.Hanberry USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationRapid CitySD 57702USA

Background One issue in invasive plant ecology is identification of the factors related to the invasion process that increase number of non-native *** invasion by non-native species increases,so does the probability that some non-native species will become harmful,or classified as invasive species,which disrupt natural ecosystems with attendant economic and social costs.I quantified patterns of how non-native species richness varied with vegetation types and human *** evaluate the relative importance of different predictor variables for invasion pathways in the conterminous United States,I modeled non-native plant species richness by county compared to current and historical human populations;greenhouses and nurseries;railroads,pipelines,transmission lines,and oil and gas wells;and land covers of impervious surface,development intensity categories,agriculture,and vegetation types.I also modeled these variables within vegetation types,excluding vegetation *** To summarize patterns,non-native plant species richness increased from 72 to 200 with increasing human population density *** and forest land use mosaics had the greatest mean number of non-native plant species,ranging from 121 to 166,whereas grasslands and grassland mosaics had the least number of non-native plant species,about *** modeling variable importance,all combined variables had R^(2)values of 56%(random forests regressor)and 54%(cubist regressor)for predictions of withheld observations of non-native plant species rich-ness,with greenhouse density and percent forestlands as most influential *** variables of greenhouses(R^(2)=29%),historical and current human populations(R^(2)=27%and 23%),impervious surface(25%),and medium intensity development(23%)were most associated with non-native plant species *** vegetation types,greenhouse and historical human population densities were influential variables particularly in forestlands,shrubland

关键词： Agriculture Energy Forest Grassland Invasive Propagule Rural Transport Urban

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Looking Back and Beyond Sendai:25 Years of International Policy Experience on Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第1期6卷 1-7页

作者： Sálvano briceo Science Committee Integrated Research on Disaster Risk(IRDR) Program of International Council for Science (ICSU)/International Social Science Council (ISSC)/United NationsInternational Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)

The evolution in knowledge and application of disaster risk reduction in the 25 years of global cooperation on this issue has been uneven. While advances in knowledge have improved our understanding of the full nature of risk—the combination of hazards meeting vulnerability—the application of such knowledge has not been conducive to the development of institutional and technical mechanisms to address the full range of risk elements. Governance of risk(policies, legislation, and organizational arrangements) still focuses largely on preparing to respond to the hazards and planning for recovery. This leaves largely unattended the vulnerability component of risk, which is the only component on which change can be *** arrangements, risk assessments, early warning systems, and other institutional and technical capacities still concentrate on natural hazards and this is the main change that remains to be substantively addressed.

关键词： Climate change adaptation Disaster risk reduction Risk governance Risk management

Trajectory from beech and oak forests to eastern broadleaf forests in Indiana, USA

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 21-28页

作者： brice B.Hanberry USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationRapid CitySD 57702USA

Background:Historical forests(circa 1799 to 1846)of Indiana were predominantly composed of American beech(25%of all trees)and upland oaks(27%of all trees).I compared historical forest composition,using studies of smaller areas to approximate composition for uncommon species or genera(<4.5%of all trees)and forest types,to current forest composition and forest types in Indiana.I also compiled published historical density estimates from small studies and estimated current density for the ***:Current forests are diverse with an even composition of many eastern broadleaf *** addition to upland oaks,which decreased to 13%of all trees,only sugar maple currently comprises greater than 10%of all *** increasing species were yellow-poplar,red maple,black cherry,and eastern *** redcedar increased from no presence to one of the most abundant ten species(≥3.5%of composition),similarly to the pine genus,becoming more common currently than American *** or oak or beech-oak forest types(≥24%of all trees)became eastern broadleaf forests,with no dominant species,and black cherry,red maple,and eastern redcedar forest types now *** of historical oak or beech forests ranged from 28 trees per hectare to 175 trees per hectare,which probably represent savannas and *** mean density of Indiana forests is 385 trees per hectare,ranging from 180 trees per hectare to 450 trees per *** forests likely contain dense layers of woody vegetation,filling the midstory and replacing herbaceous vegetation in the ground ***:Historically dominant beech and oak forests in the eastern United States have transitioned to an alternative state of closed eastern broadleaf forests due to uncontrolled establishment of many tree species.

关键词： Fire Historical Range of variability Transition

Recent shifts in shade tolerance and disturbance traits in forests of the eastern United States

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 391-401页

作者： brice B.Hanberry Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest ServiceRapid CitySD 57702USA

Background:Current forests of the eastern USA have the potential to succeed in composition to more shade-tolerant ***,long-term processes of transition from fire-tolerant tree species to fire-sensitive species and effects of current land use on forests may interfere with successional ***:I examined if forests in three regions have increased in shade tolerance and if life history strategy groups that represent response to disturbance(i.e.,fire-tolerance,early-successional species based on low shade tolerance,mid-successional species,late-successional species,and trees valued for traits related to short harvest rotations)have changed,using Forest Inventory and Analysis surveys,adjusted for comparison,and generalized linear mixed models to assess approximately 30 year trends,with adjustments to equalize different survey ***:Although statistically significant,a slight increase of 2 to 4%in regional mean shade tolerance may not be ecologically *** the central East,mid-successional species replaced early-successional species and early-successional species replaced fire-tolerant oaks,resulting in an overall shift from fire-tolerant oaks to mid-successional *** fire-tolerant pine species and increased planted pine species were the major changes in the northern Southeast and Coastal ***:The successional process of increased composition by shade-tolerant species over time was overshadowed by land use changes that resulted in decreased fire-tolerant species and increased planted ***,frequent land use disturbance may continue to prevent the slow progress of compositional succession to very shade-tolerant species.

关键词： Disturbance Eastern United States Fire Land use Mesophication Oak Pine Succession Traits

Mountaineering incidents in France: analysis of search and rescue interventions on a 10-year period(from 2008 to 2018)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 446-461页

作者： VANPOULLE Maud LEFEVRE brice SOULE Bastien Laboratory on Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport(L-VIS EA7428)University Claude Bernard Lyon1LyonDoua Campus27/29 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918Villeurbanne Cedex 69622France

In Europe and especially in France,there is a growing enthusiasm for outdoor sports and *** the meantime,the risk of both severe and frequent injuries associated with active pursuits is acknowledged,especially in mountainous *** effectiveness of prevention must rely on detailed knowledge of typical circumstances and scenarios but thorough understanding of the mechanisms of accidentality remains limited by the fragmentation of sources and by mostly heterogeneous *** paper aims at giving insights on victims’profiles,season,location,and circumstances of mountaineering accidents in the French Alps,through the study of rescue interventions data from 2008 to *** to the analysis of the exhaustive database of search and rescue interventions from the French mountain national police force,and while questioning its limitations,we strive to answer two questions:what are the characteristics of the hazardous situations leading to a rescue intervention in mountaineering?Among these situations,what are the characteristics that tend to make them more harmful?

关键词： Accident studies Mountaineering Outdoor recreation Mountain rescue Victim profiles Multilevel logistic regression

Synthesis of Water-soluble, Polyester-based Dendrimer Prodrugs for Exploiting Therapeutic Properties of Two Triterpenoid Acids

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第9期36卷 999-999,1000-1010页

作者： Silvana Alfei Gaby brice Taptue Silvia Catena Angela Bisio Dipartimento di Farmacia Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche e Alimentari Università di Genova

Dendrimers are macromolecules characterized by high controlled size, shape and architecture, presence of inner cavities able to accommodate small molecules and many peripheral functional groups to bind target entities. They are of eminent interest for biomedical applications, including gene transfection, tissue engineering, imaging, and drug delivery. The well-known pharmacological activities of ursolic and oleanolic acids are limited by their small water solubility, non-specific cell distribution, low bioavailability, poor pharmacokinetics, and their direct administration could result in the release of thrombi. To overcome such problems, in this paper we described their physical incorporation inside amino acids-modified polyester-based dendrimers which made them highly water-soluble. IR, NMR, zeta potential, mean size of particles, buffer capacity and drug release profiles of prepared materials were reported. The achieved water-soluble complexes harmonize a polycationic character and a buffer capacity which presuppose efficient cell penetration and increased residence time with a biodegradable cell respectful scaffold, thus appearing as a promising team of not toxic prodrugs for safe administration of ursolic and oleanolic acids.

关键词： Polyester-based amino acids-modified dendrimers Physical encapsulation Water-soluble dendriplexes Buffer capacity NMR investigations

Heat Transfer Model with Two Heat Transfer Coefficients Along a M ultiperforated Plate-Application to Combustion Chamber Wall Cooling

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Journal of Thermal Science 2003年第4期12卷 363-366页

作者： brice Petre Eva Dorignac Jean Jacques Vullierme Laboratoire d'Etudes Thermiques U.M.R C.N.R.S 6608-ENSMA BP 40109 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex FRANCELaboratoire d'Etudes Thermiques U.M.R C.N.R.S 6608-ENSMA BP 40109 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex FRANCELaboratoire d'Etudes Thermiques U.M.R C.N.R.S 6608-ENSMA BP 40109 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex FRANCE

Walls' cooling of aeronautic propeller combustion chamber is performed with the injection, through the combustion chamber wall, of a part of the air coming from compressors placed upstream. Measurements of the wall thermal fields are made by infrared thermography along the injection wall. This injection wall is pierced by 9 rows of 8 holes (α=90°) in staggered configuration (p/D=s/D=6). We propose a model using two heat transfer coefficients to represent the convective exchanges. The results are non-dimensioned and presented in comparison with the case without holes. The use of this model allows us to define 4 zones. Those 4 zones exist for the 5 blowing rates.

关键词： multiperforation cooling heat transfer coefficients infrared thermography.

Does white-tailed deer density affect tree stocking in forests of the Eastern United States?

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 371-382页

作者： brice B.Hanberry Marc D.Abrams USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationRapid CitySD 57702USA Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State University307 Forest Resources BldgUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Background:White-tailed deer(Odocoileus virginianus)have increased during the past century in the *** deer densities may reduce tree regeneration,leading to forests that are understocked,where growing space is not filled completely by *** deer pressure,a major transition in eastern forests has resulted in increased tree ***:To reconcile conflicting trends,we applied generalized linear mixed models to compare deer densities during 1982 and then 1996 to tree stocking after about 30 years and 15 years of potential reductions of small trees by deer,for the entire eastern US and 11 ecological *** also compiled deer browse preferences and compared preferred browse with trends in tree species composition from historical(1620–1900)and current tree ***:The forested area of the eastern US,including a prairie ecological province,was equally well-stocked(52%)and understocked(48%)during 2011–2017 tree *** 1982 deer densities,38%of area had deer densities>5.8 deer/km2 and for 1996,66%of area had deer densities>5.8 deer/*** densities and tree stocking were not related significantly for the entire eastern *** may reduce tree stocking in the Laurentian Mixed Forest;however,this province had both lower deer densities and greater tree stocking than other ***,major tree species trends did not match tree browse ***:Rather than too few trees,too many trees is an ecological problem where historical open oak and pine forests had herbaceous understories,and currently,trees have captured growing *** attribute other drivers than deer to explain this transition.

关键词： Driver Fire Herbivory Open forests Transition Tree density

Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Models and Input Feature Space for Non-intrusive Load Monitoring

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第5期9卷 1161-1171页

作者： Attique Ur Rehman Tek Tjing Lie brice Valles Shafiqur Rahman Tito Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Auckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand brice Valles Consulting AucklandNew Zealand School of Engineering and Trades Manukau Institute of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand

Recent advancement in computational capabilities has accelerated the research and development of non-intrusive load ***-intrusive load monitoring(NILM)offers many promising applications in the context of energy efficiency and *** classification is a key component of NILM that relies on different artificial intelligence techniques,e.g.,machine *** study employs different machine learning models for load classification and presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of the employed models along with their comparative ***,this study also analyzes the role of input feature space dimensionality in the context of classification *** the above purposes,an event-based NILM methodology is presented and comprehensive digital simulation studies are carried out on a low sampling real-world electricity load acquired from four different *** on the presented analysis,it is concluded that the presented methodology yields promising results and the employed machine learning models generalize well for the invisible diverse testing *** multi-layer perceptron learning model based on the neural network approach emerges as the most promising ***,it is also noted that it significantly facilitates the classification performance by reducing the input feature space dimensionality.

关键词： Machine learning model load feature non-intrusive load monitoring(NILM) comparative evaluation