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Effects of medium chain triglycerides on hepatic fatty acid oxidation in clofibrate-fed newborn piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 334-344页

作者： Jinan Zhao brandon Pike Jin Huang Zhihua Feng Jack Odle Xi Lin Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Zinpro Corporation Eden PrairieMN 55344USA College of Biological Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450001China College of Animal Science and Technology Agricultural University of HebeiBaoding071001China

To investigate whether increasing tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle activity and ketogenic capacity would augment fatty acid(FA)oxidation induced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha(PPARα)agonist clofibrate,suckling newborn piglets(n=54)were assigned to 8 groups following a 2(±clofibrate)×4(glycerol succinate[SUC],triglycerides of 2-methylpentanoic acid[T2m],valeric acid[TC5]and hexanoic acid[TC6])factorial *** group was fed an isocaloric milk formula containing either 0%or 0.35%clofibrate(wt/wt,dry matter basis)with 5%SUC,T2m,TC5 or TC6 for 5 *** 6 pigs served as newborn *** acid oxidation was examined in fresh homogenates of liver collected on d 6 using[1-^(14)C]palmitic acid(1 mm)as a substrate(0.265μCi/μmol).measurements were performed in the absence or presence of L-carnitine(1 mm)or inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase(L659699,1.6μm)or acetoacetate-CoA deacylase(iodoacetamide,50μm).Without clofibrate stimulation,^(14)C accumulation in CO_(2) was higher from piglets fed diets containing T2m and TC5 than SUC,but similar to those fed *** clofibrate stimulation,accumulation also was higher in homogenates from piglets fed TC5 than all other dietary *** between clofibrate and carnitine or the inhibitors were observed(P=0.0004)for acid soluble products(ASP).In vitro addition of carnitine increased^(14)C-ASP(Pments,regardless of clofibrate *** percentage of^(14)C in CO_(2) was higher(P=0.0023)in TC5 than in the control *** these results we suggest that dietary supplementation of anaplerotic and ketogenic FA could impact FA oxidation and modify the metabolism of acetyl-CoA(product ofβ-oxidation)via alteration of TCA cycle activity,but the modification has no significant impact on the hepatic FA oxidative capacity induced by PPARα.In addition,the availability of carnitine is a critical element to maintain FA oxidation during the neonatal perio

关键词： PPARα Clofibrate Newborn piglets medium chain triglyceride(mCT) Hepatic fatty acid oxidation

East African topography and volcanism explained by a single,migrating plume

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1669-1680页

作者： Rakib Hassan Simon E.williams michael Gurnis Dietmar muller School of Geosciences Room 412Madsen Building F09 Eastern AvenueThe University of SydneyNSW2006Australia Seismological Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA91125USA Now at Geoscience Australia GPO Box 378CanberraACT2601Australia State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China

Anomalous topographic swells and Cenozoic volcanism in east Africa have been associated with mantle *** models involving one or more fixed plumes beneath the northeastward migrating African plate have been suggested to explain the space-time distribution of magmatism in east *** devise paleogeographically constrained global models of mantle convection and,based on the evolution of flow in the deepest lower mantle,show that the Afar plume migrated southward throughout its *** models suggest that the mobile Afar plume provides a dynamically consistent explanation for the spatial extent of the southward propagation of the east African rift system(EARS),which is difficult to explain by the northeastward migration of Africa over one or more fixed plumes alone,over the last≈45 *** further show that the age-progression of volcanism associated with the southward propagation of EARS is consistent with the apparent surface hotspot motion that results from southward motion of the modelled Afar plume beneath the northeastward migrating African *** models suggest that the Afar plume became weaker as it migrated southwards,consistent with trends observed in the geochemical record.

关键词： Numerical mantle flow models Deep mantle flow LLSVP morphology Plume dynamics Plume motion Dynamic topography

Characterization of genetically engineered mouse models carrying Col2a1-cre-induced deletions of Lrp5 and/or Lrp6

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Bone Research 2015年第4期3卷 235-245页

作者： Cassie A Schumacher Danese m Joiner Kennen D Less melissa Oosterhouse Drewry Bart O williams Center for Cancer and Cell Biology Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor MicroenvironmentVan Andel Research Institute

mice carrying Collagen2a1-cre-mediated deletions of Lrp5 and/or Lrp6 were created and *** lacking either gene alone were viable and fertile with normal knee *** in which both Lrp5 and Lrp6 were conditionally ablated via Collagen2al-cre-mediated deletion displayed severe defects in skeletal development during *** addition,adult mice carrying Collagen2al-cre-mediated deletions of Lrp5 and/or Lrp6 displayed low bone mass suggesting that the Collagen2a1-cre transgene was active in cells that subsequently differentiated into *** both embryonic skeletal development and establishment of adult bone mass,Lrp5 and Lrp6 carry out redundant functions.

关键词： carrying Collagen displayed deletion engineered transgene viable embryogenesis redundant embryonic

Neurologic orphan diseases:Emerging innovations and role for genetic treatments

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World Journal of Experimental medicine 2023年第4期13卷 59-74页

作者： Ivelina P Kioutchoukova Devon T Foster Rajvi N Thakkar marco A Foreman brandon J Burgess Rebecca m Toms Eduardo E molina Valero brandon Lucke-Wold College of medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of medicine Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of MedicineMiamiFL 33199United States Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States

Orphan diseases are rare diseases that affect less than 200000 individuals within the United *** orphan diseases are of neurologic and genetic *** the current advances in technology,more funding has been devoted to developing therapeutic agents for patients with these *** our review,we highlight emerging options for patients with neurologic orphan diseases,specifically including diseases resulting in muscular deterioration,epilepsy,seizures,neurodegenerative movement disorders,inhibited cognitive development,neuron deterioration,and *** extensive literature review,gene therapy offers a promising route for the treatment of neurologic orphan *** use of clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/Cas9 has demonstrated positive results in experiments investigating its role in several ***,the use of adeno-associated viral vectors has shown improvement in survival,motor function,and developmental milestones,while also demonstrating reversal of sensory ataxia and cardiomyopathy in Friedreich ataxia *** oligonucleotides have also been used in some neurologic orphan diseases with positive *** target of rapamycin inhibitors are currently being investigated and have reduced abnormal cell growth,proliferation,and *** innovations and the role of genetic treatments open a new window of opportunity for the treatment of neurologic orphan diseases.

关键词： Neurologic orphan diseases Gene therapy Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats/Cas9 Antisense oligonucleotides Adeno-associated virus mTOR inhibitors

Current progress in use of adipose derived stem cells in peripheral nerve regeneration

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 51-64页

作者： Shomari DL Zack-williams Peter E Butler Deepak m Kalaskar Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative medicine Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College London WC1E 6BT London United Kingdom Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust Hospital NW3 2QG London United Kingdom

Unlike central nervous system neurons; those in the peripheral nervous system have the potential for full regeneration after injury. Following injury, recovery is controlled by schwann cells which replicate and modulate the subsequent immune response. The level of nerve recovery is strongly linked to the severity of the initial injury despite the significant advancements in imaging and surgical techniques. multiple experimental model shave been used with varying successes to augment the natural regenerative processes which occur following nerve injury. Stem cell therapy in peripheral nerve injury may be an important future intervention to improve the best attainable clinical results. In particular adipose derived stem cells(ADSCs) are multipotent mesenchymal stem cells similar to bone marrow derived stem cells, which are thought to have neurotrophic properties and the ability to differentiate into multiple lineages. They are ubiquitous within adipose tissue; they can form many structures resembling the mature adult peripheral nervous system. Following early in vitro work; multiple small and large animal in vivo models have been used in conjunction with conduits, autografts and allografts to successfully bridge the peripheral nerve gap. Some of the ADSC related neuroprotective and regenerative properties have been elucidated however much work remains before a model can be used successfully in human peripheral nerve injury(PNI). This review aims to provide a detailed overview of progress made in the use of ADSC in PNI, with discussion on the role of a tissue engineered approach for PNI repair.

关键词： Peripheral nerve injury Adipose derivedstem cells Cell based therapies Stem cells

Synthesis and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite added with magnesium obtained by wet chemical precipitation

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2021年第4期31卷 575-582页

作者： brandon A.Correa-Pi?a Omar m.Gomez-Vazquez Sandra m.Londo?o-Restrepo Luis F.Zubieta-Otero Beatriz m.millan-malo mario E.Rodriguez-García Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de materiales Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla Departamento de Nanotecnología Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla

Biogenic hydroxyapatites from mammalian bones naturally contain traces of ions, like mg, which play a vital role in the bone remodeling process. In this way, synthetic hydroxyapatites should include this kind of mineral. In this work, hydroxyapatite added with mg was synthesized by wet precipitation using（NH;）H;PO;, Ca（NO;）;.4 H;O,and mg（NO;）;.6 H;O（0, 0.032, 0.061, and 0.123 m）. Inductively coupled plasma and X-ray diffraction evidenced the mg inclusion in the hydroxyapatite lattice in the same levels reported for natural hydroxyapatites. The calcination at 600℃ was performed to remove the reaction by-products, but it also gave rise to physicochemical changes as the coalescence and crystals recrystallization. It produced, in turn, an improvement in the crystalline quality, according to Raman analysis. Despite those physicochemical changes, all the samples remained nanometric according to scanning electron microscopy imaging.

关键词： magnesium Physicochemical properties Calcination Nanometric crystal size Coalescence Recrystallization

AdsorbmL: a leap in efficiency for adsorption energy calculations using generalizable machine learning potentials

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npj Computational materials 2023年第1期9卷 565-573页

作者： Janice Lan Aini Palizhati muhammed Shuaibi brandon m.Wood Brook Wander Abhishek Das matt Uyttendaele C.Lawrence Zitnick Zachary W.Ulissi Fundamental AI Research(FAIR) Meta AIMetaMenlo ParkCAUSA Department of Chemical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPAUSA Scott Institute for Energy Innovation Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPAUSA

Computational catalysis is playing an increasingly significant role in the design of catalysts across a wide range of applications.A common task for many computational methods is the need to accurately compute the adsorption energy for an adsorbate and a catalyst surface of ***,the identification of low-energy adsorbate-surface configurations relies on heuristic methods and researcher *** the desire to perform high-throughput screening increases,it becomes challenging to use heuristics and intuition *** this paper,we demonstrate machine learning potentials can be leveraged to identify low-energy adsorbate-surface configurations more accurately and *** algorithm provides a spectrum of trade-offs between accuracy and efficiency,with one balanced option finding the lowest energy configuration 87.36%of the time,while achieving a~2000×speedup in *** standardize benchmarking,we introduce the Open Catalyst Dense dataset containing nearly 1000 diverse surfaces and~100,000 unique configurations.

关键词： adsorption configuration energy

The control of soil-transmitted helminthiases in the Philippines: the story continues

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第3期10卷 98-98页

作者： mary Lorraine S.mationg Veronica L.Tallo Gail m.williams Catherine A.Gordon Archie C.A.Clements Donald P.mcmanus Darren J.Gray Department of Global Health Research School of Population HealthThe Australian National UniversityBuilding 62 Mills RdActon ACTCanberra 2601Australia 不详

Background:Soil-transmitted helminth(STH)infections have long been an important public health concern in the *** this review,we describe the current status of STH infections there and highlight the control efforts undertaken to reduce STH *** text:A nationwide STH mass drug administration(mDA)programme was started in 2006 but the overall STH prevalence remains stubbornly high across the Philippines,rangi ng from 24.9%to 97.4%.

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths Epidemiology Control The Philippines

Bacteriophage m13 as a Scaffold for Preparing Conductive Polymeric Composite Fibers

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Nano Research 2008年第3期1卷 235-241页

作者： Zhongwei Niu michael ABruckman brandon Harp Charlene mmello Qian Wang Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Nanocenter University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Bioscience and Technology Team US Army Natick Soldier ResearchDevelopment&Engineering CenterNatickMA 01760-5020USA

Using biological templates to build one-dimensional functional materials holds great promise in developing nanosized electrical devices,sensors,catalysts,and energy storage *** this communication,we report a versatile assembly process for the preparation of water-soluble conductive polyaniline(PANi)/m13 composite nanowires by employing the bacteriophage m13 as a *** surface lysine residues of m13 can be derivatized with carboxylic groups to improve its binding ability to the aniline;the resulting modifi ed m13 is denoted as *** negatively-charged poly(sulfonated styrene)was used both as a dopant acid and a stabilizing agent to enhance the stability of the composite fi bers in aqueous solution.A transparent solution of the conductive PANi/m-m13 composite fi bers can be readily obtained without any further purifi cation *** fi bers can be easily fabricated into thin conductive fi lms due to their high aspect ratio and good solubility in aqueous *** synthesis discloses a unique and versatile way of using bionanorods to produce composite fi brillar materials with narrow dispersity,high aspect ratio,and high processibility,which may have many potential applications in electronics,optics,sensing,and biomedical engineering.

关键词： Bacteriophage m13 nanofi ber conductive polymer self-assembly bioconjugation