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The health and economic benefits of the global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (2000–2014)

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 453-471页

作者： Hugo c.Turner Alison A.Bettis Brian K.chu Deborah A.McFarland Pamela J.Hooper Eric A.Ottesen Mark H.bradley London centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research LondonUK Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology School of Public HealthFaculty of MedicineSt Marys CampusImperial College LondonNorfolk PlaceLondon W21PGUK Neglected Tropical Diseases Support center Task Force for Global HealthDecaturGAUSA Rollins School of Public Health Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA. Global Health Programs GlaxoSmithKlineLondonUK

Background:Lymphatic filariasis(LF),also known as elephantiasis,is a neglected tropical disease(NTD)targeted for elimination through a Global Programme to Eliminate LF(GPELF).Between 2000 and 2014,the GPELF has delivered 5.6 billion treatments to over 763 million *** the estimated health and economic benefits of this significant achievement is important in justifying the resources and investment needed for eliminating ***:We combined previously established models to estimate the number of clinical manifestations and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)averted from three benefit cohorts(those protected from acquiring infection,those with subclinical morbidity prevented from progressing and those with clinical disease alleviated).The economic savings associated with this disease prevention was then analysed in the context of prevented medical expenses incurred by LF clinical patients,potential income loss through lost-labour,and prevented costs to the health system to care for affected *** indirect cost estimates were calculated using the human capital approach.A combination of four wage sources was used to estimate the fair market value of time for an agricultural worker with LF infection(to ensure a conservative estimate,the lowest wage value was used).Results:We projected that due to the first 15 years of the GPELF 36 million clinical cases and 175(116–250)million DALYs will potentially be *** was estimated that due to this notable health impact,US$100.5 billion will potentially be saved over the lifetimes of the benefit *** total amount results from summing the medical expenses incurred by LF patients(US$3 billion),potential income loss(US$94 billion),and costs to the health system(US$3.5 billion)that were projected to be *** results were subjected to sensitivity analysis and were most sensitive to the assumed percentage of work hours lost for those suffering from chronic disease(changing the total economic

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis DALYs averted Health impact Economic impact GPELF Programme evaluation

5-HT<sub>2A</sub>Receptor Activation Normalizes Exaggerated Fear Behavior in <i>p</i>-chlorophenylalanine (PcPA)-Treated Rats

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第4期2卷 454-462页

作者： cathryn R. Hughes Lee Tran N. bradley Keele Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Baylor University Waco USA

Deficits in serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) neurotransmission are implicated in abnormal emotional behaviors such as aggression, anxiety, and depression. However, the specific 5-HT receptor mechanisms involved are not well understood. The role of 5-HT2 receptors in fear potentiated startle, (FPS) was examined in rats chronically treated with pchlorophenylalanine (PcPA) to reduce brain 5-HT. PcPA-treated rats show an enhanced magnitude of FPS. Systemic administration of the 5-HT2 receptor agonist (±)-2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride (DOI) reduced FPS in both PcPA-treated and saline (SAL)-treated control animals, normalizing the exaggerated fear response in PcPA-treated rats. In both SAL- and PcPA-treated animals, the DOI-induced reduction of learned fear was reversed by the 5-HT2 antagonist ketanserin, but not by the 5-HT2B/2c antagonist SB 206553. Together, these findings suggest 5-HT2A receptors are critical regulators of learned fear, and that 5-HT2A receptors may be an important pharmacological target to normalize exaggerated learned fear resulting from chronic 5-HT-ergic disruption.

关键词： Fear conditioning Startle Reflex 5-HT2 DOI Ketanserin SB 206553

chemical Properties of Pectin from Industry Hot and cold Break Tomato Products

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1162-1167页

作者： Hui H. chong Senay Simsek bradley L. Reuhs Department of Food Science Whistler center for carbohydrate Research Purdue University West Lafayette USA Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo USA

Tomato processing includes a break step, which involves rapid heating of freshly chopped tomatoes to >90°c for hot break, or 60°c to 77°c for cold break. Pectolytic enzyme deactivation is believed to be the key element in the hot break step;therefore, pectin content of different products should be qualitatively distinct. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hot break versus cold break on the cell-wall pectin of tomato. cell-wall pectin from hot and cold break tomato products was isolated and analyzed for carbohydrate composition, degree of polymerization, and degree of esterification. The results showed no observable differences in the cell-wall pectin isolated from the two products, indicating that there was no significant pectolytic breakdown of the tomato in the cold break product, and the pectin might not, by itself, contribute to the differences in the final product viscosity resulting from the two processing techniques.

关键词： Tomato Processing Pectin Methylesterase Endopolygalacturonase Pectin Hot Break cold Break

The bisulfite genomic sequencing protocol

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Advances in Lung cancer 2013年第1期2卷 21-25页

作者： Jane J. Pappas André Toulouse Walter Edward clarke bradley Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience University College Cork Cork Ireland Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics McGill University Montreal Canada

The bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) protocol has gained worldwide popularity as the method of choice for analyzing DNA methylation. It is this popular because it is a powerful protocol and it may be coupled with many other applications. However, users often run into a slew ofproblems, including incomplete conversion,overly degraded DNA, sub-optimal PcR amplifications, false positives, uninformative results, or altogether failed experiments. We pinpoint the reasons why these problems arise and carefully explain the critical steps toward accomplishing a successful experiment step-by-step. This protocol has worked successfully (>99.9% conversion) on as little as 100 ng of DNA derived from nearly 10-year-old DNA samples extracted from whole blood stored at -80°c and resulted in enough converted DNA for more than 50 PcRreactions. The aim of this article is to makelearning and usage of BGS easier, more efficient and standardized for all users.

关键词： Bisulfite Genomic Sequencing DNA Methylation Epigenetics cancer

中文版婴儿-学步儿家庭环境观察评估表的信效度分析

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中国临床心理学杂志 2018年第2期26卷 244-248页

作者：卢珊李璇姜霁航王争艳 Robert H.bradley 首都师范大学心理学院儿童发展研究中心北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室北京100048 Arizona State University TempeUSA

目的:考察中文版婴儿-学步儿家庭环境观察评估表(The chinese version of the Infant-Toddler Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Assessment,IT-HOME-c)的信度和效度。方法:本研究招募164个(81个男孩)月龄在12-36个月的儿童,使用中文版本的IT-HOME为研究工具,对儿童的家庭环境进行评估。结果:ITHOME-c各维度之间相关显著(卷入性除外),各维度与总分之间均显著相关,观察者一致性为0.941;各维度和学步儿的认知、精细动作和粗大动作有显著相关,能够有效区分城市和流动家庭的家庭环境,具有较好的外部效度。结论:中文版IT-HOME具有良好的信度和效度,可以用来评估我国婴儿和学步儿的家庭环境。

关键词： HOME 婴儿-学步儿家庭环境信度效度

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21天学通 c++

A novel preoperative inflammatory marker prognostic score in patients with localized and metastatic renal cell carcinoma

作者： (美)Jesse Liberty (美)Siddhartha Rao (美)bradley Jones

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第4期4卷 230-238页

作者： Rishi R.Sekar Dattatraya Patil Yoram Baum Jeffrey Pearl Anna Bausum Mehmet A.Bilen Omer Kucuk Wayne B.Harris bradley c.carthon Mehrdad Alemozaffar christopher P.Filson John G.Pattaras Peter T.Nieh Kenneth Ogan Viraj A.Master Department of Urology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Winship cancer Institute of Emory University Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA The Atlanta VA Medical center Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Objective:Several inflammatory markers have been studied as potential biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma(Rcc),however few reports have analyzed their prognostic value in aggregate and in non-clear cell *** hypothesize that a combination of specific inflammatory markers into an Rcc Inflammatory Score(RISK)could serve as a rigorous prognostic indicator of overall survival(OS)in patients with clear cell and non-clear cell ***:combination of preoperative c-reactive protein(cRP),albumin,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),corrected calcium,and aspartate transaminase to alanine transaminase(AST/ALT)ratio was used to develop *** was developed using grid-search methodology,receiver-operating-characteristic(ROc)analysis,and sensitivity-specificity trade-off *** value of RISK was analyzed using the KaplaneMeier method and cox proportional regression *** accuracy was compared with RISK to Size,Size,Grade,and Necrosis(SSIGN)score,University of california-LOS Angeles(UcLA)Integrated Staging System(UISS),and Leibovich Prognosis Score(LPS).

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma Inflammation Prognosis Biomarker

1项子宫动脉栓塞与子宫肌瘤切除术的多中心对比性研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 22-23页

作者： Goodwin S.c. bradley L.D. Lipman J.c. 李跃萍 Imaging Services Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Health Care System Mail Code 114 11301 Wilshire Boulevard Los Angeles CA 90073 United States Dr.

Objective: To determine whether there is significant quality of life score improvement after uterine artery embolization (UAE)-and to compare UAE and myomectomy outcomes. Design: Prospective cohort controlled study. Setting: Sixteen medical centers in the United States. Patient(s): One hundred forty-nine UAE patients and 60 myomectomy patients. Patients were assigned to myomectomy or UAE on the basis of a best treatment decision made by the patient and her physician. All patients were observed for 6 months. The UAE patients also had follow up examinations at 1 year. Intervention(s): Myomectomy or *** Outcome Measure(s): Quality of life score changes, menstrual bleeding score changes, uterine size differences, time off, and adverse events. Result(s): Both groups experienced statistically significant improvements in the uterine fibroid quality of life score, menstrual bleeding, uterine volume, and overall postoperative quality of life. The mean hospital stay was 1 day for the UAE patients, compared with 2.5 days for the myomectomy patients. The UAE and myomectomy patients returned to their normal activities in 15 days and 44 days, respectively, and returned to work in 10 days and 37 days, respectively. At least one adverse event occurred in 40.1%of the myomectomy patients, compared with 22.1%in the UAE group. conclusion(s): The uterine fibroid quality of life score was significantly improved in both groups. No significant differences were observed in bleeding improvement, uterine volume reduction, uterine fibroid quality of life score improvement, and overall quality of life score improvement between groups. Patients receiving UAE required fewer days off work, fewer hospital days, and experienced fewer adverse events.

关键词：子宫肌瘤切除术子宫动脉栓塞对比性研究生活质量术后生活患者群观察时间无显著性差异恢复时

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21天学通c语言第6版