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Males armed with big weapons win fights at limited cost in ant-mimickingjumping spiders

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 98-108页

作者： Guocheng Yu boon Hui Wong Christina J.Painting Hongze Li long Yu Zengtao Zhang Shichang Zhang Daiqin Li State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering and Centre for Behavioral Ecology and Evolution School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062China Departmentof Biological Sciences National University of Singapore14 Science Drive 4Singapore 117543Singapore Te Aka Matuatua School of Science University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105Hamilton 3240New Zealand

A core assumption of sexual selection theory is that sexually selected weapons,specialized morphological structures used directly in male con-tests,can improve an individual's reproductive success but only if the bearer can overcome associated costs,the negative effects on the bear-er's fitness ***,recent studies have shown that producing and wielding exaggerated weapons may not necessarily be ***,some traits can be selected for supporting,or compensating for,the expense of producing and wielding such exaggerated weapons.n the ant-mimicking jumping spider Myrmarachne gisti,exaggerated chelicerae are borne only by adult males and not females,showing sexual dimorphism and steep positive allometry with body ***,we determine the potential benefits of bearing exaggerated chelicerae during male contests and explore the potential for costs in terms of prey-capture efficiency and compensation between chelicera size and neighboring trait *** males with longer chelicerae won most of their male-male contests,we found no significant differences in prey-capture effi-ciency between males and females regardless of whether prey was winged or ***'elongated chelicerae thus do not impede their efficiency at capturing ***,we found that the sizes of all neighboring traits are positively correlated with chelicera size,suggesting that these traits may be under correlational *** together,our findings suggest that *** males armed with the exaggerated chelicerae that function as weapons win more fights at limited cost for performance in prey capture and compensate for neighboring structures.

关键词： allometry ant-mimic costs elongated chelicerae threat devices trait compensations

Measuring gravitational effect of superintense laser by spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensates interferometer

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第5期31卷 265-273页

作者： Eng boon Ng C.H.Raymond Ooi Department of Physics University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia

We consider an extremely intense laser,enclosed by an atom *** gravitational potential generated from the high-intensity laser is solved from the Einstein field equation under the Newtonian *** compute the strength of the gravitational force and study the feasibility of measuring the force by the atom *** intense laser field from the laser pulse can induce a phase change in the interferometer with Bose-Einstein *** push up the sensitivity limit of the interferometer with Bose-Einstein condensates by spin-squeezing effect and determine the sensitivity gap for measuring the gravitational effect from intense laser by atom interferometer.

关键词： intense laser field atom interferometer Bose-Einstein condensates spin-squeezing

long noncoding RNA in cardiac aging and disease

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第10期11卷 860-867页

作者： Noelia Lozano-Vidal Diewertje IBink Reinier A.boon Department of Physiology Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam Universitair Medische CentraVrije Universiteit Amsterdam1081 HZAmsterdamthe Netherlands Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration Goethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Research(DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-MainBerlinGermany

Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Western society and present an important agerelated *** the constant rise in life expectancy,prevalence ofCVD in the population will likely increase *** therapies,especially in the elderly,are needed to combat *** review is focused on the role of long noncoding RNA(IncRNA)in *** sequencing experiments in the past decade showed that most RNA does not code for protein,but many RNAs function as ***,we summarize the recent findings of IncRNA regulation in the diseased *** potential use of these RNAs as biomarkers of cardiac disease prediction is also discussed.

关键词： long non coding RNA aging cardiovascular disease

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中国红蒴真藓复合群和一个新记录种

广西植物 2024年第4期44卷 657-669,I0001-I0004页

作者：刘永英牛俊英唐启明何文钏韦玉梅焦作师范高等专科学校生物系中国河南焦作454001 广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所中国广西桂林541006 新加坡植物园国家公园局新加坡259569

该研究以经典分类学方法探讨了中国红蒴真藓复合群(Bryum atrovirens ***),重点关注根生芽胞特征在分类中的价值。以期厘清中国红蒴真藓复合群的特征和物种组成;明确各物种之间的分类界限和地理分布。结果表明:(1)中国该复合群共有9种,... 详细信息

该研究以经典分类学方法探讨了中国红蒴真藓复合群(Bryum atrovirens ***),重点关注根生芽胞特征在分类中的价值。以期厘清中国红蒴真藓复合群的特征和物种组成;明确各物种之间的分类界限和地理分布。结果表明:(1)中国该复合群共有9种,即毛状真藓(*** Schw gr.)、红蒴真藓(*** Brid.)、瘤根真藓(*** Wink.&***)、棒槌真藓[***(Schimp.)Mü***.]、球根真藓(*** Brid.)、齿缘真藓(*** Mitt.)、沙氏真藓(*** Bruch&Schimp.)、星形真藓(*** Arts)和土生真藓(*** Mohamed&Damanhuri),其中星形真藓为中国新分布种,首次观察到该种的孢子体以及红蒴真藓和齿缘真藓的中国标本产生根生芽胞。(2)该类群是适应临时环境的短命植物,主要通过根生芽胞进行无性繁殖,最主要的识别特征是芽胞的位置、颜色、形状、大小、细胞壁厚度和外层细胞是否突起及其程度等。(3)明确了每种的地理分布。综上所述,可根据根生芽胞的形态特征快速进行中国红蒴真藓复合群分类鉴定,新记录种的发现丰富了中国藓类植物新资料。

关键词：星形真藓根生芽胞真藓属新记录分类

A Review of Graphene Oxide Crosslinking as Enhanced Corrosion Shield Application

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第6期11卷 2745-2770页

作者： Nurul Anis Athirah Ab Aziz Chin Wei Lai boon Hoong Ong Nanotechnology&Catalysis Research Centre Institute for Advanced StudiesUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia

Nowadays,corrosion is not only undesirable,but it also has a significant influence on the industrial sectors and technical innovations that have demand for *** global economic damage is expected to reach$2.5 trillion,equivalent to more than 3.4%of the world’s GDP in *** is linked with significant financial harm,manufacturing pollution,and safety *** electrochemical process primarily induces metal corrosion at the metalelectrolyte interface region,caused by steel oxidation and the reduction of oxygen,protons,and ***,organic and epoxy coatings can be applied as protective ***,it can prevent metal corrosion in various fields due to its unique properties,like the ability to manage its curing process over a long *** review paper focuses on improving the physicomechanical properties of modified graphene oxide(GO)coating by attaching a polymer,epoxy resin(EP).Moreover,we reviewed recent achievements for different methods in minimizing a corrosion ***,we considered the modification of epoxy resin using the curing agent as a bridge to the polymer to strengthen the functionalization of nanocomposites during the ***,we discussed the relationship between the modified GO/EP anticorrosive coating and physicomechanical properties since it is currently being questioned and remains *** a result,extensive studies on the mechanism of synthesis of the modified GO/EP anticorrosive coating were highlighted.

关键词： Corrosion anticorrosive graphene polymer epoxy resins

Cashless payment and economic growth

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Financial Innovation 2016年第1期2卷 49-57页

作者： Hock-Han Tee Hway-boon Ong Economics Unit Faculty of ManagementMultimedia UniversityPersiaran Multimedia63100 CyberjayaMalaysia

Background:This study examines the effect of adopting cashless payment in five European Union(EU)countries,namely,Austria,Belgium,France,Germany,and Portugal,for the period of ***:The within and between effect of adopting cheque payment,telegraphic transfer,card payment and electronic money on these EU’s economy are examined by applying the Pedroni residual cointergration and Panel Vector Error Correction Model(VECM).Results:There is short run causality running from cheque payment to telegraphic transfer and card payment,as well as causality running telegraphic transfer to card *** the long run,there is significant effect of adopting cashless payment on the economy of the five EU ***:The adoption of one type of cashless payment will affect another type of cashless payment in the short *** impact of adopting cashless payment on economic growth can only be significantly observed in the long ***,any policy that promotes cashless payment will not affect the economy immediately.

关键词： VECM payment money

Considerations for bariatric surgery in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3112-3119页

作者： George boon-Bee Goh Philip R Schauer Arthur J McCullough Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore 169608Singapore Bariatric and Metabolic Institute Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Pathobiology Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

With the ever increasing global obesity pandemic, clinical burden from obesity related complications are anticipated in parallel. Bariatric surgery, a treatment approved for weight loss in morbidly obese patients, has reported to be associated with good outcomes, such as reversal of type two diabetes mellitus and reducing all-cause mortality on a long term basis. However, complications from bariatric surgery have similarly been reported. In particular, with the onslaught of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) epidemic, in associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, there is increasing prevalence of NAFLD related liver cirrhosis, which potentially connotes more risk of specific complications for surgery. Bariatric surgeons may encounter, either expectedly or unexpectedly, patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) and NASH related cirrhosis more frequently. As such, the issues and considerations surrounding their medical care/surgery warrant careful deliberation to ensure the best outcomes. These considerations include severity of cirrhosis, liver synthetic function, portal hypertension and the impact of surgical factors. This review explores these considerations comprehensively and emphasizes the best approach to managing cirrhotic patients in the context of bariatric surgery.

关键词： Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Bariatric surgery Complications

Metformin can mitigate skeletal dysplasia caused by Pck2 deficiency

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International Journal of Oral Science 2022年第4期14卷 572-583页

作者： Zheng Li Muxin Yue boon Chin Heng Yunsong Liu Ping Zhang Yongsheng Zhou Department of Prosthodontics Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina National Center of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices&Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology 22 Zhongguancun South AvenueHaidian DistrictBeijingChina The Central Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina

As an important enzyme for gluconeogenesis, mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PCK2) has further complex functions beyond regulation of glucose metabolism. Here, we report that conditional knockout of Pck2 in osteoblasts results in a pathological phenotype manifested as craniofacial malformation, long bone loss, and marrow adipocyte accumulation. Ablation of Pck2 alters the metabolic pathways of developing bone, particularly fatty acid metabolism. However, metformin treatment can mitigate skeletal dysplasia of embryonic and postnatal heterozygous knockout mice, at least partly via the AMPK signaling ***, these data illustrate that PCK2 is pivotal for bone development and metabolic homeostasis, and suggest that regulation of metformin-mediated signaling could provide a novel and practical strategy for treating metabolic skeletal dysfunction.

关键词： skeletal dysplasia homeostasis

Harnessing Vis-NIR broad spectrum for photocatalytic CO2 reduction over carbon quantum dots-decorated ultrathin Bi2WO6 nanosheets

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1720-1731页

作者： Xin Ying Kong Wen Liang Tan boon-Junn Ng Siang-Piao Chai Abdul Rahman Mohamed Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering Chemical Engineering Discipline School of Engineering Monash University Jalan Lagoon Selatan 47S00 Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia Low Carbon Economy (LCE) Group School of Chemical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia Seri Ampangan 14300 Nibong Tebal Pulau Pinang Malaysia

The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to energy-rich hydrocarbon fuels is a promising and sustainable method of addressing global warming and the imminent energy crisis concomitantly. However, a vast majority of the existing photocatalysts are only capable of harnessing ultraviolet （UV） or/and visible light （Vis）, whereas the near-infrared （NIR） region still remains unexplored. In this study, carbon quantum dots （CQDs）-decorated ultrathin BizWO6 nanosheets （UBW） were demonstrated to be an efficient photocatalyst for CO2 photoreduction over the Vis-NIR broad spectrum. It is noteworthy that the synthesis procedure of the CQDs/UBW hybrid nanocomposites was highly facile, involving a one-pot hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB）-assisted hydrothermal process. Under visible light irradiation, the optimized 1CQDsAJBW （1 wt.% CQD content） exhibited a remarkable 9.5-fold and 3.1-fold enhancement of CH4 production over pristine Bi2WO6 nanoplatelets （PBW） and bare UBW, respectively. More importantly, the photocatalytic responsiveness of CQDs/UBW was successfully extended to the NIR region, which was achieved without involving any rare earth or noble metals. The realization of NIR-driven CO2 reduction could be attributed to the synergistic effects of （i） the ultrathin nanostructures and highly exposed {001} active facets of UBW, （ii） the excellent spectral coupling of UBW and CQDs, where UBW could be excited by the up-converted photoluminescence of CQDs, and （iii） the electron-withdrawing nature of the CQDs to trap the photogenerated electrons and retard the recombination of charge carriers.

关键词： photocatalysis CO2 reduction near-infrared (NIR) light carbon quantum dots bismuth tungstate ultrathin nanosheets