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Cognitive disorder and dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第4期13卷 319-337页

作者： Genaro G Ortiz Miguel Huerta Héctor A González-Usigli Erandis D Torres-Sánchez Daniela LC Delgado-Lara Fermín P Pacheco-Moisés Mario A Mireles-Ramírez blanca MG Torres-Mendoza Roxana I Moreno-Cih Irma E Velázquez-Brizuela Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines University Health Sciences CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico Department of Neurology Movement Disorders ClinicSub-Specialty Medical UnitNational Western Medical CenterMexican Social Security Institute(IMSS)Guadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico University Biomedical research Center University of ColimaColima 28040Mexico Department of Medical and Life Sciences University Center of‘La Ciénega’University of GuadalajaraOcotlán 47810JaliscoMexico Department of Chemistry University Center of Exact Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico Division of Neurosciences Western Biomedical Research CenterMexican Social Security Institute(IMSS)Guadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico Gerontology Postgraduate Program Public Health DepartmentUniversity Health Sciences CenterUniversity of GuadalajaraGuadalajara 44340JaliscoMexico

Insulin,a key pleiotropic hormone,regulates metabolism through several signaling pathways in target tissues including skeletal muscle,liver,and *** the brain,insulin modulates learning and memory,and impaired insulin signaling is associated with metabolic dysregulation and neurodegenerative *** the receptor level,in aging and Alzheimer’s disease(AD)models,the amount of insulin receptors and their functions are *** and animal model studies suggest that memory improvements are due to changes in insulin ***,diabetes mellitus(DM)and insulin resistance are associated with age-related cognitive decline,increased levels ofβ-amyloid peptide,phosphorylation of tau protein;oxidative stress,pro-inflammatory cytokine production and dyslipidemia. recent evidence shows that deleting brain insulin receptors leads to mildobesity and insulin resistance without influencing brain size and apoptosis ***, deleting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) affects brain size anddevelopment, and contributes to behavior changes. Insulin is synthesized locally in the brain andis released from the neurons. Here, we reviewed proposed pathophysiological hypotheses toexplain increased risk of dementia in the presence of DM. regardless of the exact sequence ofevents leading to neurodegeneration, there is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunctionplays a key role in AD and DM. A triple transgenic mouse model of AD showed mitochondrialdysfunction, oxidative stress, and loss of synaptic integrity. These alterations are comparable tothose induced in wild-type mice treated with sucrose, which is consistent with the proposal thatmitochondrial alterations are associated with DM and contribute to AD development. Alterationsin insulin/IGF-1 signaling in DM could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and low antioxidantcapacity of the cell. Thus, insulin/IGF-1 signaling is important for increased neural processing andsystemic metabolism, a

关键词： Alzheimer´s disease Diabetes mellitus Insulin Vascular dementia Cognitive decline

Spatial separation of phosphatase and kinase activity within the Bub complex is required for proper mitosis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2022年第11期14卷 24-35页

作者： Lei Wang Thomas Kruse blanca López-Méndez Yuqing Zhang Chunlin Song Lei Zhu Bing Li Jing Fang Zhimin Lu Jakob Nilsson Gang Zhang The Cancer Institute The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao UniversityQingdao 266061China Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2200Denmark The Department of Genetics and Cell Biology Basic Medical CollegeQingdao UniversityQingdao 266061China Institute of Translational Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310029China

The Bub1 and BubR1 kinetochore proteins support proper chromosome segregation and mitotic checkpoint activity. Bub1 and BubR1 are paralogs with Bub1 being a kinase, while BubR1 localizes the PP2A-B56 protein phosphatase to kinetochores in humans. Whether this spatial separation of kinase and phosphatase activity is important is unclear as some organisms integrate both activities into one Bub protein. Here, we engineer human Bub1 and BubR1 proteins integrating kinase and phosphatase activities into one protein and show that these do not support normal mitotic progression. A Bub1–PP2A-B56 complex can support chromosome alignment but results in impairment of the checkpoint due to dephosphorylation of the Mad1 binding site in Bub1. Furthermore, a chimeric BubR1 protein containing the Bub1 kinase domain induces delocalized H2ApT120 phosphorylation, resulting in the reduction of centromeric hSgo2 and chromosome segregation errors. Collectively, these results argue that the spatial separation of kinase and phosphatase activities within the Bub complex is required for balancing its functions in the checkpoint and chromosome alignment.

关键词： mitosis spindle assembly checkpoint kinetochores Bub1 BubR1 PP2A/B56

IL-1β, TNF-α and Sambucus nigra reactive Serum Proteins as Biomarkers of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease Progression

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2015年第4期4卷 99-109页

作者： Luis Manuel Castillo Enrique Moreno Yaneth Rodriguez-Agudelo MireyaChavez-Oliveros Zoila Trujillo blanca Espinosa Emma Rodriguez-Maldonado Luis Felipe Montano Jorge Guevara Departamento de Bioquimica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico CityMexico Departamento de Neuropsicologia Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y NeurocirugiaMexico CityMexico Geriatra Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia Mexico CityMexico Laboratorio de Bioquimica Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades RespiratoriasMexico CityMexico Departamento de Fisiología Instituto Nacional de CardiologiaMexico CityMexico Departamento de Biologia Celular y Tisular Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico CityMexico

Amyloid-β (Aβ) can induce a chronic inflammatory immune response that is associated, amongst many others, to abnormal glycosylation, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). The relation between development of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease progression and these serum markers has not been evaluated. Serum levels of iNOs, NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12 are determined with commercially available kits. Sialylation of albumin-free serum patterns is determined by Western blot analysis with Sambucus nigra (specific for sialic acid attached to terminal galactose in α2,6 linkage) lectin. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) haplotype is determined by Western blot using specific anti-ApoE 2, 3 or 4 antibodies. A mini-mental state examination (MMSE) test is also performed in the 10 MCI patients, 19 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and 46 healthy age-matched controls evaluated. The results show an increase of iNOS in MCI and AD but significantly higher NO concentrations are only found in MCI patients. TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations are the only significantly increased cytokines in MCI patients;no differences between control and MCI or AD patients are found in regard to the other cytokines. An abnormal MMSE test result only correlates with a decrease in serum NO concentration in MCI patients. The terminal sialic acid linkage pattern of serum proteins also shows highly significant differences between MCI and AD patient. ApoE3/4 or 4/4 haplotypes are characteristic of MCI and AD patients. Our results imply that increased serum TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, NO and alterations of serum proteins glycosylation patterns in adult individuals with an abnormal MMSE test may serve as an early biomarker of MCI and AD development.

关键词： Alzheimer Disease Mild Cognitive Impairment Nitric Oxide Inflammatory Cytokines Glycosylation Apolipoprotein E4

Ultrastructural Aspects of Apoptosis in Systemic Sclerosis Inflammatory Myopathy

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Microscopy research 2018年第1期6卷 1-7页

作者： Héctor J. Finol Héctor Luis Osorio-Vega Radharani Dorta-Ledezma Antonio Roschman-González blanca Muller Israel Montes de Oca Center for Electron Microscopy Sciences Faculty Caracas Venezuela Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Center for Experimental Medicine Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research Miranda Venezuela Dentistry Faculty Central University of Venezuela Caracas Venezuela Medicine Service No. 2 Caracas University Hospital Caracas Venezuela

Muscle biopsies from two female patients with systemic sclerosis (SS) and an inflammatory myopathy were studied ultrastructurally in relation to the possible presence of apoptosis in skeletal muscle fibers. Undergoing apoptosis showed characteristic morphological features of this process, including chromatin aggregation as well as nuclear and sarcoplasmic partition into membrane bound-vacuoles (apoptotic bodies) which contained autophagosomes, mitochondria, isolated myofilaments and nuclear material. Vacuoles exhibited different diameters and were covered by single membranes, appearing beneath basement membrane. Apoptosis occurred in some fiber segments as in necrosis or included whole atrophied fibers. These results indicate that apoptosis coexists with necrosis in the inflammatory myopathy of SS.

关键词： Apoptosis Skeletal Muscle Fiber Systemic Sclerosis Inflammatory Myopathy Ultrastructure

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田园慢生活

现代装饰（家居） 2015年第2期 154-159页

作者： Pablo Serrano Elorduy blanca Elorduy Jordi Anguera 范嘉苑西班牙Dom Arquitectura

本案位于西班牙莱里达的一个小镇上,坐拥青翠葱郁的山林美景和美不胜收的田园景色。业主为了腾出更多的住宅空间来款待客人,所以决定将原有的几个牲口棚、仓库等空间改造成住宅。设计师保留了建筑原有的体量,翻新了建筑立面及屋顶,并对... 详细信息

本案位于西班牙莱里达的一个小镇上,坐拥青翠葱郁的山林美景和美不胜收的田园景色。业主为了腾出更多的住宅空间来款待客人,所以决定将原有的几个牲口棚、仓库等空间改造成住宅。设计师保留了建筑原有的体量,翻新了建筑立面及屋顶,并对室内空间进行了全面的改造。为了契合周遭的乡村景色,房子内部多采用木材及石材元素,以打造出粗犷自然的田园风格。家具及配饰的选择上以简约大方的风格为主,没有过多的配饰,以突出建筑本身的结构美。

关键词：住宅空间莱里达田园风格结构美建筑立面体量照明效果色系

Differential Effect on Two Immobility responses by Chronic Administration of 1,3-di-o-Tolyl-Guanidine (Sigma receptor Agonist) in Rats with Neonatal Ventral Hippocampal Lesion

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第7期5卷 681-690页

作者： blanca Estela Jaramillo Fidel De la Cruz Genaro Vargas Oscar O. Morales Gonzalo Flores Sergio R. Zamudio Linda Garcés-Ramírez Departamento de Fisiología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional México D. F. México Instituto de Fisiología Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Programa Educativo de la Ingeniería en Biotecnología Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca Zempoala Hidalgo México

The effect of chronic administration of the sigma agonist: 1,3-di-o-tolyl-guanidine (DTG), in neonatal ventral hippocampal lesioned (nVHL) rats, on the immobility by clamping and dorsal immobility, were investigated. The nVHL increases the duration of immobility by clamping, but does not affect the duration of the dorsal immobility. We found that DTG augments the duration of the dorsal immobility in the unlesioned rats, but does not modify the duration of immobility induced by clamping the neck. DTG also counteracts the increase in the duration of the immobility by clamping produced by nVHL. However, the increase in the duration of the dorsal immobility produced by DTG is counteracted by nVHL. These results are discussed with respect to the differential effect on the two immobility responses tested, suggesting that they are different forms of immobility mediated by different mechanisms although they behaviorally share common characteristics.

关键词： Immobility response Sigma receptor DTG Schizophrenia Neonatal Ventral Hippocampal Lesion

Prenatal Playful-Educational Activities, Psycho-Emotional Well-Being of Pregnant Women and Perinatal Outcomes: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第2期11卷 102-116页

作者： Jaime Salvador-Moysén blanca Edith Cobián-López Yolanda Martínez-López Edgar Felipe Lares-Bayona María del Socorro Páez-Güereca Academic Group of Public Health and Epidemiology Institute of Scientific Research Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Durango México Academic Group of Public Health and Epidemiology Institute of Scientific Research Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Durango México Child Care and Development Center “Francisco Villa” Durango México

Objective: To present the results of a pilot study that evaluated the psycho-emotional well-being, and the perinatal results of a group of 44 women who attended a prenatal program that incorporates playful and educational activities, in a Child Development Center in Durango. Mexico. Methods: A group of 44 women with informed consent participated for 28 weeks in the prenatal program. The condition of psycho-emotional well-being during the first and third trimesters and the perinatal results were analyzed with validated instruments. Physiological stress was also assessed with salivary cortisol in the same trimesters. Results: More than 90% of the women evaluated their psycho-emotional condition as satisfactory and very satisfactory. The evaluation of anxiety in its Trait/State modalities placed the participants in the category of mild and moderate. Salivary cortisol showed values within a normal range. Perinatal results showed that 98% of deliveries were at term, 93% of newborns weighed more than 2500 grams, and 98% of newborns had an APGAR score of 9 at 5 minutes. Conclusion: The results suggest that the incorporation of playful and educational actions to prenatal surveillance positively influenced the biopsychosocial condition of the pregnant woman and favorable perinatal outcomes.

关键词： Prenatal Care Prenatal Education Playful Activities Maternal Health Healthy Pregnancy Comprehensive Health Care

Potential Species Distribution and Richness of Ixodidae Ticks Associated with Wild Vertebrates from Michoacán, Mexico

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第5期6卷 467-477页

作者： Margarita Vargas-Sandoval Angel G. Priego-Santander Alejandra Larrazábal Carolina G. Sosa-Gutiérrez blanca Lara-Chávez Teresita Avila-Val Facultad de Agrobiología “Presidente Juárez” Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Uruapan México Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental UNAM Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701 ExHacienda de San José de la Huerta Morelia México Unidad de Investigación Médica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias Hospital de Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI México DF México

Ticks are regarded as the most relevant vectors of disease-causing pathogens in domestic and wild animals. The diversity of Ixodidae is known for a very small number of ***?are represented by 26 species, and?in?2007 the first reported ticks vectors in Mexico for the causal agent of Lyme disease. recent rise in tick-borne disease in many parts of the world is a phenomenon in need of an explanation. The main objective of the present work was to map at a regional scale (1:2,000,000)?of?the distribution of ticks of the family Ixodidae that are potentially present on the wild fauna of state of Michoacan, Mexico. We compiled all available literature on ticks at a national level together with complete cartographic and bibliographic georeferenced information of the distribution of hosts in order to build a spatial database in ArcView 3.3. The results indicated that the wild fauna in the state’s territory could potentially include 31 species of ticks of Ixodidae. The map of potential species richness of ixodid ticks on the wild fauna of the state can be categorized into five classes of species richness. The highest potential concentration of ixodid species on wild fauna occurs in the volcanic area of Pico de Tancítaro.

关键词： Ticks Ixodidae Michoacán Geographic Distribution Potential Species Richness

Ultrastructural and Physiological Characterization of YELP, a Novel, Yellow, Chlorophyll-Deficient Cell Mutant Line That Develops Etioplast-Like Plastids in the Light

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第3期7卷 510-524页

作者： Betzaida Jiménez-Francisco Carlos Trejo Hilda Araceli Zavaleta-Mancera blanca Moreno-Gómez Edmundo García-Moya Florentino Víctor Conde-Martínez Gerardo Armando Aguado-Santacruz Potgrado en Botánica Colegio de Postgraduados Texcoco México Campo Experimental Bajío Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Celaya México Programa de Posgrado Instituto Tecnológico de Roque Celaya México

In this work, we present an ultrastructural and physiological description of a novel chlorophyll-deficient, yellow cell line of the grass Bouteloua gracilis that develops etioplast-like plastids in presence of light (YELP). These mutant cells were compared to the parental, wild-type, highly chlorophyllous cells from which they were isolated. Growth analysis, based on fresh and dry weights, indicated that YELP accumulates biomass at a slower rate than the parental, green cells. Besides, YELP developed very low levels of photosynthetic pigments, reaching only 9.3% and 38.4% of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, respectively, developed by the wild-type cells. Likewise, the accessory pigments, carotenes and xanthophylls, were only synthesized at 8.0% and 5.4%, respectively, of the levels reached by the green cells. Electron microscopy revealed remarkable differences in plastid ultrastructure between the wild-type and mutant cells. Plastids of YELP were heterogeneous and smaller than those found in wild-type cells. YELP plastids were abnormal with poorly developed membrane systems that prevented the accumulation of chlorophyll and accessory pigments in the mutant cell line. We expect this novel, mutant cell line will provide new tools for studying plastid development and differentiation.

关键词： Cell Suspension Chloroplast Biogenesis Prolamellar Body Ultrastructure