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Prevalence and serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province, China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 42-52页

作者： Jian Wang Li Qiu Shuang Bai Wei Zhao Ao Zhang Jing Li Jun-Nan Zhang Shan-Shan Zhou Ren Qiu Zhu Huang Jv-Xia Liu Ting-bin Wang Xue Sun Jiang Wu Qun Zheng bin He Min Lv Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control BeijingChina Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases BeijingChina Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HaikouChina Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention HaikouHainanChina Wanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention WanningHainanChina Baisha County Center for Disease Control and Prevention BaishaHainanChina Qiongzhong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention QiongzhongHainanChina

Background The thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(PCV13)is not included in the national immu-nization program and is administered voluntarily with informed consent in China.In preparation for assessing the impact of pilot introduction in Hainan Province,we conducted a carriage study among children under 5 years of age from four locations in Hainan Province,China.Methods From March to June 2022,nasopharyngeal(NP)swabs,collected from healthy children aged younger than 59 months who lived in the 4 different locations(Haikou,Wanning,Baisha and Qiongzhong)in Hainan Province,were tested for pneumococcus using conventional culture.Pneumococcal isolates were serotyped using the Quel-lung reaction.Risk factors associated with pneumococcal colonization were assessed using univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age,daycare attendance and other factors.Results Pneumococcus was isolated in 710(30.4%)of the 2333 children enrolled.Of 737 pneumococci,29 serotypes were identifed;60.9%were PCV13 serotypes;the most common vaccine serotypes were 6B(20.4%),19F(13.0%),6A(11.9%)and 23F(6.1%);and the most common nonvaccine serotypes were 23A(12.9%),34(6.1%)and nontypeable(NT)pneumococci(5.6%).Children vaccinated with PCV13 had lower carriage(17.7%vs 32.5%;P=0.0001)and fewer PCV13 serotypes(41.9%vs 62.7%;P=0.0017)compared to unimmunized children.After adjustment,NP carriage Was higher among children attending daycare(aOR=2.3,95%CI:1.7-3.2),living in rural areas(aOR=1.4,95%CI:1.1-1.8),living with siblings(aOR=1.3,95%CI:1.0-1.6)and whose mothers had completed senior high/technical sec-ondary school(aOR=1.5,95%CI:1.1-2.0).In contrast,completion of 3-4 doses of PCV13 were associated with a lower carriage rate(aOR=0.6,95%CI:0.4-0.9).Conclusions We established the baseline of pneumococcal carriage,serotype distribution and PCV13 immuni-zation rates among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province,prior to the introduction of PCV13 into the national immunization program.The high proport

关键词： Pneumococcus Nasopharyngeal carriage Serotypes distribution Children Hainan Province China

Nurse anesthetists’perceptions and experiences of managing emergence delirium:A qualitative study

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 553-562页

作者： Yi Xin Fu-Cai Lin Chen Huang bin He Ya-Ling Yan Shuo Wang Guang-Ming Zhang Rui Li Wuxi Medical College Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200335China Department of Nursing Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200335China

BACKGROUND This study employs a descriptive phenomenological approach to investigate the challenges anesthesia nurses face in managing emergence delirium(ED),a common and complex postoperative complication in the post-anesthesia care unit.The role of nurses in managing ED is critical,yet research on their understanding and management strategies for ED is lacking.AIM To investigate anesthetic nurses’cognition and management experiences of ED in hopes of developing a standardized management protocol.METHODS This study employed a descriptive phenomenological approach from qualitative research methodologies.Purposeful sampling was utilized to select 12 anesthetic nurses from a tertiary hospital in Shanghai as research subjects.Semi-structured interviews were conducted,and the data were organized and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method,from which the final themes were extracted.RESULTS After analyzing the interview content,four main themes and eight subthemes were distilled:Inefficient cognition hinders the identification of ED(conceptual ambiguity,empirical identification),managing diversity and challenges(patientcentered safe care,low level of medical-nursing collaboration),work responsibilities and pressure coexist(heavy work responsibilities,occupational risks and stress),demand for high-quality management(expecting the construction of predictive assessment tools and prevention strategies,and pursuing standardized management processes to enhance management effectiveness).CONCLUSION Nursing managers should prioritize the needs and suggestions of nurses in order to enhance their nursing capabilities and provide guidance for standardized management processes.

关键词： Anesthetic nurse Emergence delirium Postoperative complications Cognition Disease management Qualitative research

Clinical therapeutic effect of self-prescribed Sanhanchushi Tongbi on lumbar disc herniation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3444-3452页

作者： Cheng Yao bin He Jie Zhou Lin Xie Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing 210028Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Lumbar disc herniation(LDH)commonly occurs during spinal surgery;LDH is on the increase in younger patients and is classified as"paralysis"and"back pain."Sanhanchushi Tongbi(SPST)is a customized prescription.It disperses cold,relieves pain,removes cold from the meridians and viscera,and treats neuropathic pain.However,few studies have investigated its mechanism of pain relief.AIM To observe the clinical therapeutic effects on LDH treated with self-prescribed SPST.METHODS A total of 211 patients with LDH syndrome were divided into two groups:107 patients in the control group were treated with conventional massage combined with traction,and 104 patients in the observation group were treated with a combination of the control regimen and self-prescribed oral SPST.The patients were treated for 4 wk.Indices of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score and serum inflammatory factor levels were measured.RESULTS After therapy,the TCM syndrome score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(Phe main symptoms,clinical signs,daily activities,and Japanese Orthopedic Association scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group after therapy(Phe levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and C-reactive protein were lower in the observation group than in the control group(Phe observation group,superoxide dismutase levels were significantly higher,whereas malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower,compared with the control group(Phe overall efficacy rate in the observation group was 96.15%,which was substantially higher than that in the control group(88.79%;Phe levels of inflammatory and pain-causing factors as well as lumbar pain in patients with LDH.

关键词： Self-prescribed Sanhanchushi Tongbi Lumbar disc herniation Pain factors Visual analog scale Japanese Orthopedic Association scores Inflammatory factor

Preparation of MXene-based hybrids and their application in neuromorphic devices

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 164-188页

作者： Zhuohao Xiao Xiaodong Xiao Ling bing Kong Hongbo Dong Xiuying Li bin He Shuangchen Ruan Jianpang Zhai Kun Zhou Qin Huang Liang Chu School of Materials Science and Engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic UniversityJingdezhen 333403JiangxiPeople’s Republic of China School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Linyi UniversityLinyi 276000ShandongPeople’s Republic of China College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of ScienceNingbo 315201ZhejiangPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy&School of Electronics and Information Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangPeople’s Republic of China

The traditional von Neumann computing architecture has relatively-low information processing speed and high power consumption,making it difficult to meet the computing needs of artificial intelligence(AI).Neuromorphic computing systems,with massively parallel computing capability and low power consumption,have been considered as an ideal option for data storage and AI computing in the future.Memristor,as the fourth basic electronic component besides resistance,capacitance and inductance,is one of the most competitive candidates for neuromorphic computing systems benefiting from the simple structure,continuously adjustable conductivity state,ultra-low power consumption,high switching speed and compatibility with existing CMOS technology.The memristors with applying MXene-based hybrids have attracted significant attention in recent years.here,we introduce the latest progress in the synthesis of MXene-based hybrids and summarize their potential applications in memristor devices and neuromorphological intelligence.We explore the development trend of memristors constructed by combining MXenes with other functional materials and emphatically discuss the potential mechanism of MXenes-based memristor devices.Finally,the future prospects and directions of MXene-based memristors are briefly described.

关键词： MXene etching fabrication memristor neuromorphic

Distal-scanning common path probe for optical coherence tomography

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Journal of Innovative Optical health Sciences 2024年第3期17卷 84-92页

作者： Zhengyu Chen bin He Zichen Yin Zhangwei Hu Yejiong Shi Chengming Wang Xiao Zhang Ning Zhang Linkai Jing Guihuai Wang Ping Xue State Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information BeijingChina Jinsp Company Limited BeijingChina Beijing Institute of Technology BeijingChina Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Public Security BeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalSchool of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Precision MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

In this paper,we present a distal-scanning common path probe for optical coherence tomography(OCT)equipped with a hollow ultrasonic motor and a simple and specially designed beam-splitter.This novel probe proves to be able to effectively circumvent polarization and dispersion mismatch caused by fiber motion and is more robust to a variety of interfering factors during the imaging process,experimentally compared to a conventional noncommon path probe.Furthermore,our design counteracts the attenuation of backscattering with depth and the fall-off of the signal,resulting in a more balanced signal range and greater imaging depth.Spectral-domain OCT imaging of phantom and biological tissue is also demonstrated with a sensitivity of∼100dB and a lateral resolution of∼3μm.This low-cost probe offers simplified system configuration and excellent robustness,and is therefore particularly suitable for clinical diagnosis as one-off medical apparatus.

关键词： Common path optical coherence tomography endoscopic probe

Subnatural-linewidth fluorescent single photons

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 625-637页

作者： he-bin ZHANG GAO-XIANG LI YONG-CHUN LIU State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics Huazhong Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China

Subnatural-linewidth single photons are of vital importance in quantum optics and quantum information science.According to previous research, it appears difficult to utilize resonance fluorescence to generate single photons with subnatural linewidth. here we propose a universally applicable approach to generate fluorescent single photons with subnatural linewidth, which can be implemented based on Λ-shape and similar energy structures.Further, the general condition to obtain fluorescent single photons with subnatural linewidth is revealed.The single-photon linewidth can be easily manipulated over a broad range by external fields, which can be several orders of magnitude smaller than the natural linewidth. Our study can be easily implemented in various physical platforms with current experimental techniques and will significantly facilitate the research on the quantum nature of resonance fluorescence and the technologies in quantum information science.

关键词： quantum utilize optics

Electrolyte effect on electrochemical behaviors of manganese fluoride material for aqueous asymmetric and symmetric supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1048-1061页

作者： Zheng-Hua he Jian-Fei Gao Ling-bin Kong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metals Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050China

Exploring wide voltage window materials is not only an available measure to enhance the energy density of hybrid supercapacitor(HSCs),but also avoids the dynamic mismatch caused by different energy storage mechanisms of two electrodes in assembled symmetrical HSC.However,there are few reports about the wide potential window materials except Bi_(2)O_(3)and VO_(2).Therefore,the MnF_(2)synthesized by solvothermal reaction was served as the electrode for HSC.The MnF_(2)exhibited electrochemical activity in alkaline solution in three-electrode system,especially with a wide potential window from-0.8 to+0.5 V in 2 mol·L^(-1)NaOH.Furthermore,the assembled MnF_(2)//MnF_(2)symmetrical HSC had a potential window of 1.5 V,and it exhibited outstanding long-cycle capability.Meanwhile,when MnF_(2)was taken as the negative and positive respectively,the potential windows of asymmetric devices CoMoO_(4)//MnF_(2)and MnF_(2)//Activated Carbon(AC)could reach 1.3 and 1.45 V,respectively,showing excellent cycle stability.This work shows that MnF_(2)material has great research value in HSC,and provides a new research direction for developing high-performance devices.

关键词： Manganese fluoride Potential window Hybrid supercapacitors Electrochemical performance

Urea-induced interfacial engineering enabling highly reversible aqueous zinc-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1599-1609页

作者： bin-Rui Xu Quan-An Li Yong Liu Guang-bin Wang Zi-he Zhang Feng-Zhang Ren School of Material Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology School of Information Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Longmen Laboratory Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-Ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have been regarded as prospective rechargeable energy storage devices because of the high theoretical capacity and low redox potential of Zn metal.However,the uncontrollable formation of dendrites and the water-induced side reactions at the Zn/electrolyte interface,and the poor reversibility under a high current density(> 2 mA·cm-2) and large area capacity(>2 mAh·cm-2) still limit the practical applications of AZIBs.Therefore,a strategy that can overcome these difficulties is urgently needed.here,we introduce an environmentally friendly and low-cost additive,namely urea,to the electrolyte of AZIBs to induce uniform Zn deposition and suppress the side reactions.Measurements of the adsorption behavior,electrochemical characterization,and observations of the morphology revealed the interfacial modification induced by urea on the Zn/electrolyte interface,demonstrating its huge potential in AZIBs.Consequently,the long-term cycling stability(over2100 h) of a Zn/Zn symmetric cell under a high current density of 5 mA·cm-2and a capacity of 5 mAh·cm-2was achieved with a 1 mol·L-1ZnSO4electrolyte with the urea additive.Additionally,the assembled Zn/NH4V4O10full cell with urea exhibited excellent cycling performance and an outstanding average Coulombic efficiency of 99.98%.These results indicate that this is a low-cost and effective additive strategy for realizing highly reversible AZIBs.

关键词： Zn anode Urea additive Interface engineering Dendrite growth Side reaction

Fabrication of AZ31/Mg3Y Composites with Excellent Strength and Plasticity via Accumulated Rolling Bonding and Diffusion Annealing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 339-352页

作者： Yang Feng Wenhuan Chen Zheng Xu Weijun he bin Jiang Fusheng Pan College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China International Joint Laboratory for Light Alloys(Ministry of Education) Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

AZ31/Mg3Y composites with a layer thickness of 100-200μm were fabricated by accumulated rolling bonding(ARB),which was followed by diffusion annealing at 300℃ for 0-32 h.An interface layer,containing numerous Al-Y precipitates,is formed in the Mg3Y layer that is adjacent to the interface as a result of Al diffusing from the AZ31 layers into the Mg3Y layers.The thickness of the interface layer gets increased and more precipitates are formed in the interface layer with the extension of the annealing time.The microhardness of the AZ31 and Mg3Y layer decreases firstly and then reaches a stable value,while the microhardness of the interface layer increases gradually with the extension of the annealing time.The AZ31/Mg3Y composites exhibit equivalent strength but increased ductility after diffusion annealing,in comparison to the as-rolled AZ31/Mg3Y composite.In addition,the AZ31/Mg3Y composites after annealing always present higher strength and ductility than AZ31/AZ31 composite,which was fabricated by the same process as that for the AZ31/Mg3Y composites.hetero-deformation induced strengthening also plays an important role in the excellent strength and ductility of the annealed AZ31/Mg3Y composite.This study can provide a direction for improving the plasticity and strength of magnesium alloys synergistically.

关键词： AZ31/Mg3Y composite Accumulated rolling bonding Diffusion annealing Precipitates Strengthening