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青少年语义错误记忆发展:学习测验因素

心理发展与教育 2025年第1期41卷 12-21页

作者：郭滢陈晓丹刘文志刘雨彤朱皕北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室北京100875 北京师范大学发展心理研究院北京100875 南山外国语学校(集团)高级中学深圳518000 沧州师范学院教育学院沧州061001 郑州市第五十六高级中学郑州451450

该研究以中文词语为材料,用3个实验考察青少年语义错误记忆的发展以及学习视听通道和测验间隔时间的影响。实验1比较初中生、高中生和大学生的回忆。实验2对比高中生和大学生在立即测验和一周后延迟测验中的再认。实验3对比高中生和大... 详细信息

该研究以中文词语为材料,用3个实验考察青少年语义错误记忆的发展以及学习视听通道和测验间隔时间的影响。实验1比较初中生、高中生和大学生的回忆。实验2对比高中生和大学生在立即测验和一周后延迟测验中的再认。实验3对比高中生和大学生在视、听学习后的再认。结果发现:初、高中生的错误回忆低于大学生,而初中生的真实回忆低于高中生和大学生(实验1)。测验间隔时间的延长会降低真实再认,增加错误再认,并且立即测验时,高中生的真实再认低于大学生,而错误再认无年龄差异;延迟测验时,高中生的真实和错误再认均低于大学生(实验2)。高中生和大学生在视觉学习后的立即视觉测验中都比听觉学习后的真实再认高且错误再认低,该效应没有年龄差异(实验3)。该结果反映了青少年字面和要旨记忆发展,支持了模糊痕迹理论,也便于我们更加深入理解青少年的记忆发展。

关键词：记忆发展错误记忆中学生大学生学习测验

Nitrogen isotope stratigraphy of the Early Cambrian successions in the Tarim Basin:Spatial variability of nitrogen cycling and its implication for paleo-oceanic redox conditions

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 785-801页

作者： bi zhu Xuefeng Li Lu Ge Yongquan Chen Institute of Earth’s Critical Zone School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Tarim Oil Field CompanyPetroChinaKorlaChina

The Early Cambrian represents a critical time period characterized by extraordinary biological innovations and dynamic redox conditions in *** isotopic signatures of ancient sediments have the potential to elucidate the evolutionary path of marine redox states and the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle within the water column of the Early Cambrian *** existing research on this topic has predominantly focused on South China,the exploration of other continental margins has been limited,leaving contradictory hypotheses *** this study,pairedδ^(15)N andδ^(13)C org analyses were performed on the Lower Cambrian successions from the Shiairike section(inner ramp)and Well Tadong 2(deep shelf/basin)in the northwestern and eastern Tarim Basin,*** data from the Shiairike section reveal a discernible shift in the operation of different nitrogen cycles for the black chert-shale unit,also referred to as the black rock series in Chinese literature,of the Yurtus Formation(Fortunian stage to lower Stage 3).Oscillatingδ^(15)N values for its lower part are suggestive of alternating anaerobic assimilation of NH 4+and denitrification/*** is likely attributed to a shallow,unstable chemocline consistent with the upwelling and incursion of deep,anoxic waters during a major *** contrast,aerobic nitrogen cycling,indicated by positiveδ^(15)N values of>2‰,dominated the upper part alongside a reduction in upwelling *** the other hand,theδ^(15)N signatures of Xishanbulake and Xidashan Formations of Well Tadong 2,which encompass a time interval from the Cambrian Fortunian Age to Age 4,are indicative of N_(2)fixation by diazotrophs as the major nitrogen *** two studied intervals,although not time-equivalent,exhibit separated states of nitrogen cycling at least during the deposition of the Yurtus black rock *** spatially different nitrogen cycling of the studied sections is compatible with a redox-stratified ocean dur

关键词： Nitrogen isotopes Early Cambrian Tarim Black rock series

Discussion of the Evaluation Method and Value of Green Building's POE in the Era of Large Data

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第5期21卷 10-14页

作者： bi-Feng zhu Jian Ge College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University

China vigorously is carrying out the construction of green building and ecological city during " The 12 th five-Year plan". Now,although the identification system of design and operation have been implemented in the evaluation of green building,lacking of appropriate evaluation after use. The actual operation results of many buildings,which have got a green building logo,are not satisfied from the user 's perspective. In this paper,an evaluation method that combines the actual building energy consumption and users' satisfaction has been discussed,based on the post occupancy evaluation( POE) theory and the big data technology. Through the comparison and analysis of building objective operational metrics and users subjective feelings indicators,the green buildings' POE has been achieved. Finally,the study analyzes the assessed value of green building's POE from the three-time dimensions,short-term,medium-term and long-term. And the outlook of the direction is looking forward to the follow-up study.

关键词： Green building POE big data Evaluation Method Value

Repairing whole facial nerve defects with xenogeneic acellular nerve grafts in rhesus monkeys

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1131-1137页

作者： Guo-Chen zhu Da-Jiang Xiao bi-Wen zhu Yan Xiao Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina College of Animal Science&Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acellular nerve allografts conducted via chemical extraction have achieved satisfactory results in bridging whole facial nerve defects clinically,both in terms of branching a single trunk and in connecting multiple branches of an extratemporal ***,in the clinical treatment of facial nerve defects,allogeneic donors are *** this experiment,we exposed the left trunk and multiple branches of the extratemporal segment in six rhesus monkeys and dissected a gap of 25 mm to construct a monkey model of a whole left nerve *** monkeys were randomly assigned to an autograft group or a xenogeneic acellular nerve graft *** the autograft group,the 25-mm whole facial nerve defect was immediately bridged using an autogenous ipsilateral great auricular nerve,and in the xenogeneic acellular nerve graft group,this was done using a xenogeneic acellular nerve graft with *** of facial symmetry,nerve-muscle electrophysiology,retrograde transport of labeled neuronal tracers,and morphology of the regenerated nerve and target muscle at 8 months postoperatively showed that the faces of the monkey appeared to be symmetrical in the static state and slightly asymmetrical during facial movement,and that they could actively close their eyelids *** degree of recovery from facial paralysis reached House-Brackmann grade II in both *** muscle action potentials were recorded and orbicularis oris muscles responded to electro-stimuli on the surgical side in each *** Gold-labeled neurons could be detected in the facial nuclei on the injured *** staining showed abundant neurofilament-200-positive axons and soluble protein-100-positive Schwann cells in the regenerated nerves.A large number of mid-graft myelinated axons were observed via methylene blue staining and a transmission electron *** together,our data indicate that xenogeneic acellular nerve grafts from minipigs are safe and effec

关键词： acellular nerve compound muscle action potentials facial nerve defect facial symmetry monkey nerve graft nerve regeneration retrograde labeling test synaptophysin xenogeneic

Synthesis and characterization of macrocyclic compounds with a hydroxyl functional group

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第10期24卷 869-872页

作者： Min Ou Chun zhu Qi-Long Zhang bi-Xue zhu Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry Guizhou University Department of Chemistry Guiyang Medical College

A novel [1＋1] Schiff-base macrocyclic compound 3 has been synthesized from precursor 1, 1,3-bis（2＇- formylphenoxy）-2-propanol, and precursor 2, resorcinol-bis（4-aminophenyl）ether, via condensation and cyclizaction using Ba2＋ as template. The macrocycle 3 was further reduced giving saturated macrocycle 4. The structures of 3 and 4 were characterized by elemental analysis, ~H NMR, IR, and MS spectra, and their structures were determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the macrocyclic compound 3 has a folded conformation, and the corresponding reduced product 4 adopts a twisted and folded conformation due to its flexible nature. ~ 2013 bi-Xue zhu. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Schiff base Macrocyclic compound Synthesis Structure

Trace Elements Characteristics of Black Shales from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, Hubei Province, South China： Implications for Redox and Open vs. Restricted Basin Conditions

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第2期29卷 342-352页

作者： bi zhu Shaoyong Jiang Daohui Pi Lu Ge Jinghong Yang Institute of Isotope Hydrology School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of Earth Resources Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Strategic Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

In the present study, we carried out trace element analyses of black shales of the Edia- caran Doushantou Formation from two sections （Jiulongwan, Baiguoyuan） in Hubei Province, South China. Mo-U characteristics of black shales from the two sections and compiled Mo-U data of Dou- shantuo black shales from sections of a variety of sedimentary facies described the temporal/spatial variability in the redox conditions of paleo-seawater during deposition of the Donshantuo Formation. Changes in Mo-U patterns of the Doushantuo Member II （DST2） shales of open marine environments are consistent with a shift from a predominately oxic to a predominately anoxic ocean during their deposition. Mo-U patterns of the DST2 black shales from intra-shelf sections reflect basin restriction may have happened in the intra-shelf basin and are compatible with the redox-stratified model of the intra-shelf basin. Mo-U patterns of black shales of the Doushantuo Member IV （DST4） reveal that the shales from intra-shelf sections have more pronounced Mo enrichment and more significant enrich- ment of Mo over U than the slope shales, indicating the operation of a Mn particulate shuttle in the intra-shelf basin. High Mo/TOC ratios of the DST4 at the intra-shelf sections, in combination with similar Mo-TOC patterns of the DST4 from both intra-shelf and slope sections, indicate the intra- shelf basin was well connected to the open ocean during deposition of the DST4.

关键词： Doushantuo Formation Mo-U eovariation Mo/TOC South China.

Evolution of the Interference of Bose Condensates Released from a Double-Well Potential

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第9期28卷 20-23页

作者： zhu bi-Hui LIU Shu-Juan XIONG Hong-Wei State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071 Center for Cold Atom Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

The interference pattern of two Bose–Einstein condensates released from a double-well potential for different holding times is theoretically investigated using a decoupled two-mode Bose–Hubbard *** two coherently separated condensates,the interference displays a periodic behavior,which is closely related to the atomic interaction.A remarkable parity effect is found in the interference *** certain holding times,the even/odd total number of atoms would result in different interference *** influences of different initial conditions on the evolution of interference and the observation of parity effects are discussed.

关键词： interaction parity Bose

Facile synthesis of C_(3)N_(4)-supported metal catalysts for efficient CO_(2) photoreduction

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 551-556页

作者： Yun-Nan Gong bi-zhu Shao Jian-Hua Mei Wei Yang Di-Chang Zhong Tong-Bu Lu Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies School of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Material Chemistry College of Chemistry&Chemical EngineeringGannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China

Facile synthesis of photocatalysts with highly dispersed metal centers is a high-priority target yet still a significant *** this work,a series of Co-C_(3)N_(4) photocatalysts with different Co contents atomically dispersed on g-CaN4 have been prepared via one-step thermal treatment of cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and urea in the *** to the highly dispersed and rich exposed Co sites,as well as good charge separation efficiency and abundant mesopores,the optimal 25-Co-C_(3)N_(4),in the absence of noble metal catalysts/sensitizers,exhibits excellent performance for photocatalytic C0_(2) reduction to CO under *** irradiation,with a high CO evolution rate of 394.4μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1),over 80 times higher than that of pure g-C_(3)N_(4)(4.9μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).In:addition,by this facile synthesis strategy,the atomically dispersed Fe and Mn anchoring on g-C_(3)N_(4)(Fe-C_(3)N_(4) and Mn-C_(3)N_(4))have been also obtained,indicating the reliability and universality of this strategy in synthesizing photocatalysts with highly dispersed metal *** work paves a new way to develop cost-effective photocatalysts for photocatalytic C0_(2) reduction.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks highly dispersed metal g-C_(3)N_(4) photocatalysts C02 reduction

Tunable organic particles:An efficient approach from solvent-dependent Schiff base macrocycles

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第11期32卷 3522-3525页

作者： Ying Xiong Chao Huang Hongjuan Liu Rui Yi bi-Xue zhu Xin-Long Ni Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province Guizhou UniversityCuiyang 550025China School of Chemistry and Materials Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan ProvinceHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

The synthesis of cyclopolymers upon controlling the degree of macrocyclic polymerization,followed by the discovery of new properties has attracted increasing attention in supramolecular ***,a Schiff-base condensation method performed at room temperature was used to control the formation of[1+1]and[2+2]*** pure MeOH,the isomer[1+1]macrocycles were synthesized and organic particles such as dendritic,rods,and solid microspheres were directly precipitated from the reaction ***[1+1]macrocycles can be efficiently converted into their corresponding[2+2]macrocycles accompanied by the tunable morphology of the organic particles when n-hexane was added to the MeOH *** studies showed that these organic particles have potential application toward the selective removal of Cd^(2+)ions with different adsorption ability in MeOH solution.

关键词： Schiff base Organic particles Macrocycle Noncovalent interaction Self-assembly