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Phosphorus requirements for containerized Pterocarpus indicus seedlings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 657-662页

作者： Eng Hai Lok bernard Dell Forest Plantation Programme Forest Research Institute Malaysia 52109 Kepong Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerth 6150 Australia

Pterocarpus indicus Willd is a tropical woody legume that holds promise for plantation forestry. Two glasshouse experiments were undertaken on two soil types to determine the phosphorus （P） concentration ranges in the foliage of P-stressed and healthy plants, and to define cri- tical P concentrations for the diagnosis of deficiency and toxicity. There was a narrow range in rates of P fertilizer, supplied as Ca（H2PO4）2.H2O, between deficiency and toxicity compared to other tree species. The relationship between shoot yield and P concentration in the youngest fully expanded leaf enabled critical P concentrations for the diagnosis of deficiency （0.17 %） and toxicity （0.41%） to be determined at 90 % maximum yield from linear re- gressions fitted to the data. The foliar P concentration ranges for deficiency and toxicity were similar to other nitrogen-fixing trees. The defined P concentration ranges and the critical P concentrations for the diagnosis of P deficiency and P toxicity should be useful for monitoring the P status of nursery stock and the health of young seedlings after out-planting.

关键词： Deficiency Diagnosis Nutrition Symptoms Toxicity

Effect of Bimodal Grain Size Distribution on the Strain Hardening Behavior of a Medium-Entropy Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第4期34卷 465-475页

作者： Ibrahim Ondicho bernard Alunda Fredrick Madaraka Melody Chepkoech Department of Mechanical Engineering Dedan Kimathi University of TechnologyPrivate bag-10143Dedan KimathiNyeriKenya Materials Designand Manufacturing(MADEMA)GroupDedan Kimathi University of TechnologyPrivate Bag-10143Dedan KimathiNyeriKenya Department of Mining and Minerals Processing Engineering Taita Taveta UniversityP.O.Box 635-80300VoiKenya Department of Mechanical Engineering Howard University23006th Street NWWashingtonDCUSA

The evolution of strain hardening behavior of the Fe_(50)(CoCrMnNi)_(50) medium-entropy alloy as a function of the fraction of recrystallized microstructure and the grain size was studied using the Hollomon and Ludwigson *** specimens under study were partially recrystallized,fully recrystallized with ultrafine-grained microstructure,and fully recrystallized with coarse *** yield strength decreases steadily as the fraction of recry stallized micro structure and grain size increases due to the recovery process and the Hall-Petch ***,the bimodal grain distribution was found to have a significant impact on strain hardening during plastic *** instance,the highest ultimate tensile strength was exhibited by a 0.97 μm specimen,which was observed to contain a bimodal grain ***,using the Ludwigson equation,the effect of the bimodal grain distribution was established from the behavior of K_(2) and n_(1) *** curves tend to show very high values in the specimens with a bimodal grain distribution compared to those that show a homogenous grain ***,the bimodal grain distribution contributes to the extensive Luders strain observed in the 0.97 μm specimen,which induces a significant deviation of the Hollomon equation at lower strains.

关键词： Metals and alloy Mechanical properties Microstructure High-entropy alloys Plastic deformation

Zygotic chromosomal structural aberrations after paternal drug treatment

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 939-941页

作者： Anne Marie Downey bernard Robaire Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeuticsand of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill UniversityMontreal Quebec Canada.

In recent years, the field of male-mediated reproductive toxicology has received growing attention. It is now well-established that many drugs, chemicals, and environmental factors can harm male germ cells by inducing DNA damage. Male germ cells have extensive repair mechanisms that allow detection and repair of damaged DNA during the early phases of spermatogenesis. However, during the later phase of spermiogenesis, when the haploid spermatids undergo chromatin condensation and become transcriptionally quiescent, their ability to repair damaged DNA is lost. It is also thought that the highly compacted chromatin of the sperm can protect DNA against damage. Therefore, it is expected that late spermatids will be most susceptible to DNA damaging agents. Unrepaired or misrepaired damage in the germ cells leads to the generation of spermatozoa with DNA damage that can be transmitted to the next generation. Fortunately, the maternal DNA repair machinery is capable of recognizing and repairing, at least to some degree, damaged paternal DNA after fertilization in the zygote. Therefore, the efficiency of the maternal repair machinery will greatly influence the risk of transmitting paternal DNA damage to offspring.

关键词： Zygotic chromosomal treatment

Perikinetics and sludge study for the decontamination of petroleum produced water(PW) using novel mucuna seed extract

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Petroleum Science 2016年第2期13卷 328-339页

作者： Matthew Menkiti Ifechukwu Ezemagu bernard Okolo Water Resources Center Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringTexas Tech University Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Department of Chemical Engineering Michael Okpara University of Agriculture

In this study, Mucuna flagellipes seed extract was applied in the coagulation-flocculation of produced water （PW）. Process parameters such as pH, dosage, and settling time were investigated. Process kinetics was also studied. Instrumental characterization of mucuna seed （MS）, mucuna seed coagulant （MSC）, and post effluent treatment settled sludge （PTSS） were carried out. The optimum decontamination efficiency of 95 % was obtained at 1 g/L MSC dosage, PW pH of 2, and rate constant of 0.0001 （L/g/s）. Characterization results indicated that MS, MSC, and PTSS were of network structure, primitive lat- tice, and thermally stable. It could be concluded that MSC would be potential biomass for the treatment of produced water under the experimental conditions.

关键词： Mucuna seed Produced water Coagulationflocculation Sludge Perikinetics

Biodiversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in mangroves of Goa in West India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 515-523页

作者： James D'Souza bernard Felinov Rodrigues Department of Botany Goa UniversityGoa 403 206 India

Seventeen mangrove species of eight families at seven river- ine and fringe habitats in Goa West India were surveyed for Arbuscular Mycorrhizal （AM） fungal diversity. Sixteen species were found to be mycorrhizal and one species showed no AM fungal colonization. AM root colonization was recorded at all seven sites and ranged from 6%-77%. Maximum root colonization was recorded in Excoecaria agal- locha （77%） and minimum colonization in Avicennia marina （6%）. Paris-type colonization was predominant at all sites. Auxiliary cells were recorded in roots of Acanthus ilicifolius, Ceriops tagal and Sonneretia alba. AM fungal root colonization and spore density varied by plant species and site. Site average spore density ranged from 1.84 spores.g^-1 to 0.54 spores.g-1 of soil. In total, 28 AM fungal species of five genera, viz. Glomus, Acaulospora, Scutellospora, Gigaspora and Entrophospora, were recovered. Glomus was the dominant genus, three species of which were sporocarpic forms. Maximum site species richness （SR） ranged from 16 to 5. Species richness was maximum in A. ilicifolius where seven species of three genera were recovered. Based on relative abun- dance （RA） and isolation frequency （IF）, two common species, viz. G. intraradices and A. laevis, were recovered from all seven sites.

关键词： Glomus intraradices root colonization Paris type sporedensity rhizosphcre

Effects of vegetation patterns and environmental factors on woody regeneration in semi-arid oak-dominated forests of western Iran

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Journal of Arid Land 2017年第3期9卷 368-378页

作者： Mirzaei JAVAD Heydari MEHDI bernard PREVOSTO Department of Forest Science Faculty of Agriculture University of llam Ilam 69315-516 Iran Irstea UR Ecosystemes Mediterrandens et Risques 3275 route de Cezanne CS 40061 F-13612 Aix-en Provence Cedex 5 France

This study assesses the effects of vegetation natural tree and shrub regeneration in semi-arid forests patterns and environmental factors on the abundance of of the Zagros Mountains, western Iran. We sampled 120 releves at different topographic positions in a protected area of the studied region. Floristic composition, slope, elevation and soil properties were recorded at each releve, and woody seedling density was measured. We have first discerned five floristic groups using two-way indicator species analysis （TWINSPAN）, detrended correspondence analysis （DCA）, and canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） and then explored the relationships among the floristic group compositions, environmental factors and seedling densities. The indicator species of the five groups were Quercus brangi, Acer monspessulanum, Cerasus microcarpa, Rhamnus arvensis and Astragalus licyoides. Our results indicated that these groups were significantly affected by elevation and soil properties and the soil properties refer to： EC （electrical conductivity）, N （nitrogen）, K （potassium）, OM （organic matter）, and bulk density. Woody regeneration was composed of Q. brangi, A. monqJessulanum, C microcarpa, Amygdalus scopada and Crataeguspongca seedlings. The highest density of seedlings was found for Q. brantii （97.14 （_＋48.00） plants/hm2） and the lowest for A. scoparia （2.28 （＋1.50） plants/hm2）. Quercus brantii was the dominant species and the seedling density was positively correlated with soil pH and P （phosphorus） values. Amygdalus scoparia regeneration was negatively correlated with elevation, and the seedling density peaked in C. microcarpa group. There was no significant variation in distribution of C. pongca seedlings among the groups, but the seedling density of this species was positively correlated with slope and K. Cerasus microcarpa seedlings were more abundant in the Q. brantii group than in other groups. This study showed that the regeneration of tree and shrub species was unequally

关键词： abiotic factors community classification Zagros Mountains natural regeneration

Ad-hoc combination and analysis of heterogeneous and distributed spatial data for environmental monitoring-design and prototype of a web-based solution

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第1期11卷 79-94页

作者： Stefan Wiemann Pierre Karrasch Lars bernard Chair of Geoinformatics Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany

With regard to a multi-dimensional and multi-facetted implementation of the vision of a Digital Earth,capabilities to combine and analyze heterogeneous spatial data sources on the web are becoming increasingly *** this article,an online system is conceptualized and implemented to facilitate spatial data analysis and decision making specifically for environmental *** supports a dynamic search and binding of suitable geoprocessing functionality with respect to the given input data and target *** patterns are used to create an application-oriented abstraction layer on top of generic geoprocessing services available on the *** an application scenario the determination and quality assessment for water body structures is *** this use case authoritative data,remote sensing imagery and citizen science data gets combined to gain a comprehensive picture of the various spatial,temporal and thematic aspects influencing the quality of inland *** prototypical implementation makes use of open standards to facilitate the integration with existing spatial data infrastructures.

关键词： Geoprocessing geoprocessing pattern water quality spatial information infrastructure

Inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in drug-induced hepatic steatosis

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Liver Research 2019年第3期3卷 157-169页

作者： bernard Fromenty INSERM UMR 1241Universitéde Rennes 1RennesFrance

Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation(mtFAO)is a key metabolic pathway required for energy production in the liver,in particular during periods of *** major consequence of drug-induced impairment of mtFAO is hepatic steatosis,which is characterized by an accumulation of triglycerides and other lipid species,such as ***,the severity of this liver lesion is dependent on the residual mitochondrial b-oxidation ***,a severe inhibition of mtFAO leads to microvesicular steatosis,hypoglycemia and liver *** contrast,moderate impairment of mtFAO can cause macrovacuolar steatosis,which is a benign lesion in the short *** some drugs can induce both microvesicular and macrovacuolar steatosis,it is surmised that severe mitochondrial dysfunction could be favored in some patients by non-genetic factors(e.g.,high doses and polymedication),or genetic predispositions involving genes that encode proteins playing directly or indirectly a role in the mtFAO *** of drugs inducing steatosis include acetaminophen(APAP),amiodarone,ibuprofen,linezolid,nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors,such as stavudine and didanosine,perhexiline,tamoxifen,tetracyclines,troglitazone and valproic *** several previous articles reviewed in depth the mechanism(s)whereby most of these drugs are able to inhibit mtFAO and induce steatosis,the present review is rather focused on APAP,linezolid and *** steatogenic drugs are indeed rarely discussed in the literature as regards their ability to impair mtFAO.

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury(DILI) Steatosis Mitochondria b-Oxidation Acetaminophen(APAP) Troglitazone

On the effectiveness of dry drainage in soil salinity control

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3328-3334页

作者： VINCENT bernard BOUARFA Sami VIDAL Alain Cemagref BP 44 92163 Antony Cedex France Cemagref 361 rue Jean-Franois Breton BP 5095 34196 Montpellier Cedex 5 France

Dry drainage is thought to be a potential approach to control soil salinity. This study took the Hetao Irrigation District as an example and evaluated the effectiveness of dry drainage by using remote sensing, a conceptual model and a field experiment. Archived remote sensing images from 1973―2006 were used to delineate the temporal and spatial change of soil salinity. The conceptual water and salt balance model was used to evaluate the role of dry drainage in removing excess salt from the irrigated land. The field experiment was performed to get field validation and give more accurate estimation. The results show that dry drainage did contribute to remove excess salt from the irrigated land and succeed in controlling soil salinity in the Hetao Irrigation District. It can be taken as an alternative approach in (semi-)arid area where artificial drainage is not applicable.

关键词： soil salinity dry drainage remote sensing conceptual model field experiment