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Advances in radiotherapy and targeted therapies for rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第1期20卷 1-5页

作者： Alexandra Sermeus Wim Leonard benedikt Engels Mark De Ridder UZ Brussel Vrije Universiteit BrusselDepartment of GastroenterologyB-1090 BrusselsBelgium UZ Brussel Vrije Universiteit BrusselDepartment of RadiotherapyB-1090 BrusselsBelgium

The last decade witnessed a significant progress in understanding the biology and immunology of colorectal cancer alongside with the technical innovations in *** stepwise implementation of intensitymodulated and image-guided radiation therapy by means of megavolt computed tomography and helical tomotherapy enabled us to anatomically sculpt dose delivery,reducing treatment related *** addition,the administration of a simultaneous integrated boost offers excellent local control *** novel challenge is the development of treatment strategies for medically inoperable patient and organ preserving ***,distant control remains unsatisfactory and indicates an urgent need for biomarkers that predict the risk of tumor *** expected benefit of target?ed therapies that exploit the tumor genome alone is so far hindered by high cost techniques and pharmaceuticals,hence hardly justifying rather modest improvements in patient *** the other hand,the immune landscape of colorectal cancer is now better clarified with regard to the immunosuppressive network that promotes immune *** N2 neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSC)emerge as useful clinical biomarkers of poor prognosis,while the growing list of anti-MDSC agents shows promising ability to boost antitumor T-cell immunity in preclinical ***,integration of genetic and immune biomarkers is the next logical step towards effective targeted therapies in the context of personalized cancer treatment.

关键词： Rectal cancer Image-guided radiotherapy Intensity-

Disorder-enhanced nuclear spin relaxation at Landau level filling factor one

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第6期24卷 521-527页

作者：关童 benedikt Friess 李永庆颜世申 Vladimir Umansky Klaus von Klitzing Jurgen H.Smet Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research School of Physics Shandong University Weizmann Institute of Science

The nuclear spin relaxation rate （l/T1） is measured for GaAs two-dimensional （2D） electron systems in the quantum Hall regime with an all-electrical technique for agitating and probing the nuclear spins. A ＂tilted plateau＂ feature is observed near the Landau level filling factor v = 1 in 1/T1 versus v. Both the width and magnitude of the plateau increase with decreasing electron density. At low temperatures, lIT1 exhibits an Arrhenius temperature dependence within the tilted plateau regime. The extracted energy gaps are up to two orders of magnitude smaller than the corresponding charge transport gaps. These results point to a nontrivial mechanism for the disorder-enhanced nuclear spin relaxation, in which microscopic inhomogeneities play a key role for the low energy spin excitations related to skyrmions.

关键词： nuclear spin relaxation Landau level filling factor one skyrmions

The Plastid-Localized NAD-Dependent Malate Dehydrogenase Is Crucial for Energy Homeostasis in Developing Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 170-186页

作者： Jennifer Selinski Nicolas Konig benedikt Wellmeyer Guy T. Hanke Vera Linke H. Ekkehard Neuhaus Renate Scheibe Department of Plant Physiology FB 5 University of Osnabrueck D-49069 Osnabrueck Germany Department of Plant Physiology FB Biology TU Kaiserslautern D-67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

In the absence of photosynthesis, ATP is imported into chloroplasts and non-green plastids by ATP/ADP transporters or formed during glycolysis, the latter requiring continuous regeneration of NAD＋, supplied by the plastidial isoform of NAD-MDH. During screening for T-DNA insertion mutants in the plNAD-MDH gene of Arabidopsis, only heterozygous plants could be isolated and homozygous knockout mutants grew only after complementation. These heterozygous plants show higher transcript levels of an alternative NAD＋-regenerating enzyme, NADH-GOGAT, and, remarkably, improved growth when ammonium is the sole N-source. In situ hybridization and GUS-histochemical stain- ing revealed that plNAD-MDH was particularly abundant in male and female gametophytes. Knockout plNAD-MDH pollen exhibit impaired tube growth in vitro, which can be overcome by adding the substrates of NADH-GOGAT. In vivo, knockout pollen is able to fertilize the egg cell. Young siliques of selfed heterozygous plants contain both green and white seeds corresponding to wild-type/heterozygous （green） and homozygous knockout mutants （white） in a （1：2）：1 ratio. Embryos of the homozygous knockout seeds only reached the globular stage, did not green, and developed to tiny wrinkled seeds. Complementation with the gene under the native promoter rescued this defect, and all seeds developed as wild-type. This suggests that a blocked major physiological process in plNAD-MDH mutants stops both embryo and endosperm development, thus avoiding assimilate investment in compromised offspring.

关键词： malate valve plastidial glycolysis ammonium assimilation NADH-GOGAT redox-balance embryo lethality.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after ChAdOx1 nCov- 19 vaccination with a misleading first cerebral MRI scan

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 668-670页

作者： Benno Ikenberg Antonia Franziska Demleitner Thomas Thiele benedikt Wiestler Katharina Götze Georg Mößmer Paul Lingor Department of Neurology Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Institut für Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin Universitätsmedizin GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany Department of Diagnostic und Interventional Neuroradiology Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Department of Medicine III Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität MünchenMunchenGermany

SUMMARY Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia(VITT)and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)have been recently described as rare complications following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with vector *** report a case of a young woman who presented with VITT and cerebral CVST 7 days following vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCov-19(AstraZeneca).While the initial MRI was considered void of pathological findings,MRI 3 days later revealed extensive CVST of the transversal and sigmoidal sinus with intracerebral *** tests including a platelet-factor-4-induced platelet activation assay confirmed the diagnosis of *** with intravenous immunoglobulins and argatroban resulted in a normalisation of platelet counts and remission of CVST.

关键词： vaccination cerebral venous

Two-photon lithography for 3D magnetic nanostructure fabrication

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Nano Research 2018年第2期11卷 845-854页

作者： Gwilym Williams Matthew Hunt benedikt Boehm Andrew May Michael Taverne Daniel Ho Sean Giblin Dan Read John Rarity Rolf Allenspach Sam Ladak School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Cardiff UK IBM Research - Zurich Rüschlikon Switzerland Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Bristol Bristol UK

Ferromagnetic materials have been utilized as recording media in data storage devices for many decades. The confinement of a material to a two-dimensional plane is a significant bottleneck in achieving ultra-high recording densities, and this has led to the proposition of three-dimensional （3D） racetrack memories that utilize domain wall propagation along the nanowires. However, the fabrication of 3D magnetic nanostructures of complex geometries is highly challenging and is not easily achieved with standard lithography techniques. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to construct 3D magnetic nanostructures of complex geometries using a combination of two-photon lithography and electrochemical deposition. The magnetic properties are found to be intimately related to the 3D geometry of the structure, and magnetic imaging experiments provide evidence of domain wall pinning at the 3D nanostructured junction.

关键词： magnetism spintronics nanomagnefism three-dimensional (3D)lithography

Earth orientation parameters from VLBI determined with a Kalman filter

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2017年第6期8卷 396-407页

作者： Maria Karbon benedikt Soja Tobias Nilsson Zhiguo Deng Robert Heinkelmann Harald Schuh GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Telegrafenherg A 17 Potsdam Germany Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Technical University of Berlin Strafe des 17. Juni 135 Berlin Germany

This paper introduces the reader to our Kalman filter developed for geodetic VLBI（very long baseline interferometry） data analysis. The focus lies on the EOP（Earth Orientation Parameter） determination based on the Continuous VLBI Campaign 2014（CONT14） data, but also earlier CONT campaigns are analyzed. For validation and comparison purposes we use EOP determined with the classical LSM（least squares method） estimated from the same VLBI data set as the Kalman solution with a daily resolution. To gain higher resolved EOP from LSM we run solutions which yield hourly estimates for polar motion and dUTl = Universal Time（UT1）-Coordinated Universal Time（UTC）. As an external validation data set we use a GPS（Global Positioning System） solution providing hourly polar motion ***, we describe our approach for determining the noise driving the Kalman filter. It has to be chosen carefully, since it can lead to a significant degradation of the results. We illustrate this issue in context with the de-correlation of polar motion and ***, we find that the agreement with respect to GPS can be improved by up to 50% using our filter compared to the LSM approach, reaching a similar precision than the GPS solution. Especially the power of erroneous high-frequency signals can be reduced dramatically, opening up new possibilities for highfrequency EOP studies and investigations of the models involved in VLBI data *** prove that the Kalman filter is more than on par with the classical least squares method and that it is a valuable alternative, especially on the advent of the VLBI2010 Global Observing System and within the GGOS frame work.

关键词： VLBI Earth rotation CONT14 Kalman filter Data analysis Least squares GPS

Measuring Criticality of Raw Materials: An Empirical Approach Assessing the Supply Risk Dimension of Commodity Criticality

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Natural Resources 2015年第1期6卷 56-78页

作者： Herbert Mayer benedikt Gleich Institute for Materials Resource Management University of Augsburg Augsburg Germany

Providing a sustainable and reliable supply of raw materials at economic prices has become essential to industrialized economies. Therefore, the need for both economical and sustainable methods and strategies for the management of raw materials has been postulated to enable companies and economies to counteract dramatic effects of supply disruptions, or at least to provide early warnings. The relevant studies assign generic weights to different driving factors and therefrom derive criticality indexes. However, it often remains open how to interpret the resulting measures and how to apply them practically. Here we show that based on current commodity key figures, it is possible to empirically determine the risk for future price increases and fluctuations. Thus, we can identify future supply risks and incorporate their patterns into an empirically calibrated criticality measurement. To this end, we apply the well-known compounding framework used by many companies for their financial planning, calculating net present values and volatility from the predicted future price development. To calibrate each resource specific model, we perform extended regression analyses on our compounded criticality index from time series of 42 (out of about 60 industrially relevant) chemical elements. The analysis thereby covers 9 driving factors for criticality and a 40-year time span. Our results suggest a fundamental modification of current practices for criticality assessment, in particular by scaling the criticality measure to correspond with the net present value of future commodity expenses and future volatility.

关键词： Raw Materials Criticality Assessment Commodity Criticality Criticality Index

Monitoring concept for structural integration of PZT-fiber arrays in metal sheets:a numerical and experimental study

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2018年第1期9卷 56-67,I0003页

作者： Welf-Guntram Drossel Andreas Schubert Matthias Putz Hans-Joachim Koriath Volker Wittstock Sebastian Hensel Alexander Pierer benedikt Müller Marek Schmidt Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology ChemnitzGermany Professorship for Adaptronics and Lightweight Design Chemnitz University of TechnologyChemnitzGermany Professorship Micromanufacturing Technology Chemnitz University of TechnologyChemnitzGermany Professorship for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Chemnitz University of TechnologyChemnitzGermany

The technique joining by forming allows the structural integration of piezoceramic fibers into locally microstructured metal sheets without any elastic interlayers.A high-volume production of the joining partners causes in statistical deviations from the nominal dimensions.A numerical simulation on geometric process sensitivity shows that the deviations have a high significant influence on the resulting fiber stresses after the joining by forming operation and demonstrate the necessity of a monitoring *** this basis,the electromechanical behavior of piezoceramic array transducers is investigated experimentally before,during and after the joining *** piezoceramic array transducer consists of an arrangement of five electrical interconnected piezoceramic *** findings show that the impedance spectrum depends on the fiber stresses and can be used for in-process monitoring during the joining *** on the impedance values the preload state of the interconnected piezoceramic fibers can be specifically controlled and a fiber overload.

关键词： Impedance spectroscopy joining by forming process monitoring function integration sensitivity

Comparison of survival outcomes between laparoscopic versus open radical nephroureterectomy in upper tract urothelial cancer patients:Experiences of a tertiary care single center

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