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Control of Non-Deterministic Systems With μ-Calculus Specifications Using Quotienting

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第5期8卷 953-970页

作者： Samik basu Ratnesh Kumar the Department of Computer Science Iowa State UniversityIowa 50011-3060 USA the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State UniversityIowa 50011-3060 USA

The supervisory control problem for discrete event system(DES) under control involves identifying the supervisor, if one exists, which, when synchronously composed with the DES,results in a system that conforms to the control specification. In this context, we consider a non-deterministic DES under complete observation and control specification expressed in action-based propositional μ-calculus. The key to our solution is the process of quotienting the control specification against the plan resulting in a new μ-calculus formula such that a model for the formula is the supervisor. Thus the task of control synthesis is reduced a problem of μ-calculus satisfiability. In contrast to the existing μ-calculus quotienting-based techniques that are developed in deterministic setting, our quotienting rules can handle nondeterminism in the plant models. Another distinguishing feature of our technique is that while existing techniques use a separate μ-calculus formula to describe the controllability constraint(that uncontrollable events of plants are never disabled by a supervisor), we absorb this constraint as part of quotienting which allows us to directly capture more general state-dependent controllability constraints. Finally, we develop a tableau-based technique for verifying satisfiability of quotiented formula and model generation. The runtime for the technique is exponential in terms of the size of the plan and the control specification. A better complexity result that is polynomial to plant size and exponential to specification size is obtained when the controllability property is state-independent. A prototype implementation in a tabled logic programming language as well as some experimental results are presented.

关键词： Discrete event systems(DES) non-deterministic plant μ-calculus supervisory control

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An approach towards estimating critical value of waiting time at transit stops

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第2期8卷 257-266页

作者： Subhojit Roy Debasis basu School of Infrastructure Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarOdisha 752050India

Waiting time at transit stops is found to be an influential policy variable for a passenger’s decision on whether to undertake a given transit service. With regard to policy framework for improvement of operational service headway of a transit service and thereby its waiting time, the necessity to have knowledge on its critical value becomes inevitable. The critical value of waiting time for passengers waiting at transit stops is that duration beyond which passengers are found to be no more interested to wait for a that transit service. The paper demonstrates an approach for estimating the critical value of waiting time at urban transit stops with reference to public transport services such as city bus and shared-auto operational in Bhubaneswar, India. The critical value of waiting time is estimated from the point on cumulative distribution curve of waiting time frequency distribution, at which the maximum rate of change of the slope of curve occurs. The work assumes two positively skewed distributions such as gamma and log-normal for observed distributional pattern of waiting time. The work identifies that gamma distribution is comparatively fitting the observed data better than log-normal distribution. The study reveals that the critical value of waiting time for city bus passengers is about twice than that of shared auto ***, the study presents new information on critical values of waiting time with reference to an urban area of a developing country, it also demonstrates an experience on application of probability distribution functions for understanding distributional pattern of waiting time.

关键词： Traffic engineering Waiting time at transit stop Critical value of waiting time Probability density function Gamma and log-normal distribution

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Magnetic Field of a Compact Spherical Star under f(R,T) Gravity

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Chinese Physics Letters 2018年第9期35卷 104-108页

作者： Safiqul Islam Shantanu basu Harish-Chandra Research Institute HBNI Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Western Ontario

We present the interior solutions of distributions of magnetized fluid inside a sphere in f（R, T） gravity. Tile magnetized sphere is embedded in an exterior Reissner NordstrOm metric. We assume that all physical quantities are in static equilibrium. The perfect fluid matter is studied under a particular form of the Lagrangian density f（R, T）. The magnetic field profile in modified gravity is calculated. Observational data of neutron stars are used to plot suitable models of magnetized compact objects. We reveal the effect of f（R, T） gravity on the magnetic field profile, with application to neutron stars, especially highly magnetized neutron stars found in x-ray pulsar systems. Finally, the effective potential Veff and innermost stable circular orbits, arising out of the motion of a test particle of negligible mass influenced by attraction or repulsion from the massive center, are discussed.

关键词： Gravity Magnetic Field of a Compact Spherical Star under f R,T

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A review on graphene-based materials as versatile cancer biomarker sensors

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2020年第4期14卷 353-372页

作者： Shalmali basu Kamalika SEN Department of Chemistry University of Calcutta92 APC RoadKolkata 700009India

Early detection of cancer has multitude of advantages like early diagnosis,reduced risk,ease in the treatment and follow up of *** and developed techniques are always under research to control the spreading *** is an emerging star in biomedical field as it exhibits exceptional thermal,electrical and optical ***,we review application of graphene-based materials in developing biosensing devices for the detection of different cancer biomarkers at concentrations down to sub-toxic *** analytical methodologies chosen for sensing have been undertaken and their performance and background have been *** trend of use of these methodologies can also be perceived from the graphical data presented.

关键词： graphene cancer biomarker biosensing analytical methods

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The evolution of graphene-based electronic devices

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2010年第3期1卷 201-223页

作者： Joydeep basu Jayanta Kumar basu Tarun Kanti Bhattacharyya Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

Successful isolation of single-layer graphene,the two-dimensional allotrope of carbon from graphite,has fuelled a lot of interest in exploring the feasibility of using it for fabrication of various electronic devices,particularly because of its exceptional electronic *** is poised to save Moore’s law by acting as a successor of silicon-based *** article reviews the success story of this allotrope with a focus on the structure,properties and preparation of graphene as well as its various device applications.

关键词： electronic device FET field effect graphene nanoelectronics

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Dielectric and impedance properties of sintered magnesium aluminum silicate glass-ceramic

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第1期2卷 71-78页

作者： Abhijit PRASAD Amitabha basu Department of Applied Physics Indian School of MinesDhanbad 826004India

Magnesium aluminum silicate(MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2),MAS)glass-ceramic was prepared via sintering route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis indicates the formation of multiphase compound with magnesium silicate fluoride and cordierite as major *** studies of the compound shows a strong frequency dispersion of permittivity in the low frequency region followed by a nearly frequency-independent behavior in the high frequency *** presence of alkali ions(K+)in MAS glass-ceramic results in higher dielectric constant and higher *** loss(tanδ)seems to be reduced at higher frequencies after reaching the instrumental saturation at 1 *** properties of the material have been studied using a complex impedance spectroscopy(CIS)technique in a wide temperature(30-500℃)and frequency(100 Hz-5 MHz)*** complex impedance plots reveal the contribution of bulk as well as grain boundary effects in *** bulk resistance,evaluated from complex impedance spectrum,has been observed to decrease with the rise in temperature,showing a typical negative temperature coefficient of resistance(NTCR)*** smaller activation energy(Ea)of the compound within moderate temperature range suggests the presence of ions(K^(+)and F^(-))and singly ionized oxygen vacancies in the conduction *** nature of variation of the electrical conductivity,and the values of activation energy of different temperature regions,suggest that the conduction process is of mixed type.

关键词： glass-ceramic conductivity dielectric properties electrical properties

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Analysis of the electrical characteristics of GaInP/GaAs HBTs including the recombination effect

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第5期33卷 38-43页

作者： Gourab Dutta Sukla basu Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur ECE Department Kalyani Government Engineering College

An analytical model is used to predict the effects of surface recombination current on the gain and transit time of GalnP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors（HBTs）.The present analysis shows that consideration of the recombination current gives current gain values that are comparable to those of the experimental *** dependence of current gain on temperature,base doping and emitter area are also analyzed,and the variation in collector current with emitter-base voltage,temperature and doping is considered.

关键词： GaInP/GaAs HBT current gain transit time recombination current surface recombination ideality factor

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Output only modal identification and structural damage detection using time frequency & wavelet techniques

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第4期8卷 583-605页

作者： S.Nagarajaiah B.basu Dept.of Civil & Environmental Eng.and Dept.of Mechanical Eng.& Material Sc. Rice University Dept.of Civil Structural& Environmental Eng.Trinity College Dublin

The primary objective of this paper is to develop output only modal identification and structural damage detection. Identification of multi-degree of freedom （MDOF） linear time invariant （LTI） and linear time variant （LTV--due to damage） systems based on Time-frequency （TF） techniques--such as short-time Fourier transform （STFT）, empirical mode decomposition （EMD）, and wavelets--is proposed. STFT, EMD, and wavelet methods developed to date are reviewed in detail. In addition a Hilbert transform （HT） approach to determine frequency and damping is also presented. In this paper, STFT, EMD, HT and wavelet techniques are developed for decomposition of free vibration response of MDOF systems into their modal components. Once the modal components are obtained, each one is processed using Hilbert transform to obtain the modal frequency and damping ratios. In addition, the ratio of modal components at different degrees of freedom facilitate determination of mode shape. In cases with output only modal identification using ambient/random response, the random decrement technique is used to obtain free vibration response. The advantage of TF techniques is that they arc signal based; hence, can be used for output only modal identification. A three degree of freedom 1：10 scale model test structure is used to validate the proposed output only modal identification techniques based on STFT, EMD, HT, wavelets. Both measured free vibration and forced vibration （white noise） response are considered. The secondary objective of this paper is to show the relative ease with which the TF techniques can be used for modal identification and their potential for real world applications where output only identification is essential. Recorded ambient vibration data processed using techniques such as the random decrement technique can be used to obtain the free vibration response, so that further processing using TF based modal identification can be performed.

关键词： Time-frequency methods short time Fourier transform Hilbert transform wavelets modal identification:output only structural health monitoring damage detection

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Fabrication of core-shell PLGA/PLA-pNIPAM nanocomposites for improved entrapment and release kinetics of antihypertensive drugs

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Particuology 2018年第5期16卷 169-176页

作者： Tanushree basu Bonamali Pal Satnam Singh School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Thapar lnstitute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala 147004Punjablndia

Polylactic acid (PLA)and poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA)are two commonly applied biodegrad- able polymers for the preparation of nanocomposites used in drug-delivery ***,these polymers lack desirable attributes such as resistance to aggregation during long-term storage due to *** improve their efficacy,in this work,PLA and PLGA were encapsulated within a shell of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(pNIPAM)using a single emulsion technique followed by an aqueous free radical precipitation polymerisation process,yielding core-shell PLA/PLGA-pNIPAM nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were cbaracterised using zeta potential,dynamic light scattering,and transmission electron microscopy analyses and were further applied as a delivery system for ramipril,an antihypertensive *** drug-loaded PLGA-pNIPAM core-shell nanoparticles exhibited a higher drug content (91%)and entrapment efficiency (78%)than their PLA *** in vitro release study of the formulations at pH 7.3in phosphate-buffered saline indicated that PLGA was more efficient than PLA with a sustained release of 86% of ramipril from the polymer matrix within ***,to determine the release kinetics,the data were fitted to Korsmeyer-Peppas and Higuchi models;the release of ramipril from the polymer matrix followed zero-order rate kinetics and an anomalous (non-Fickian)diffusion mechanism.

关键词： Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid Polylactic acid Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Antihypertensive drug Entrapment efficiency Drug release

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A time-domain nonlinear effective-stress non-Masing approach of ground response analysis of Guwahati city, India

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2019年第1期18卷 61-75页

作者： Devdeep basu Madhulatha Boga Arindam Dey Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

The response of subsoil strata subjected to seismic excitations plays an important role in governing the response of the overlying superstructures at any site. Ground response analysis(GRA) helps to assess the influence of soil characteristics on the propagating seismic stress waves from the bedrock level to the ground surface during an earthquake. For the northeastern region of India, located in the highest seismic zone in the country, conducting an extensive GRA study is of prime importance. Conventionally, most of the GRA studies are carried out using the equivalent linear method, which, being a simplistic approach, cannot capture the nonlinear behavior of soil during seismic shaking. This paper presents the outcomes of a one-dimensional effective stress based nonlinear GRA conducted for Guwahati city(located in northeast India) incorporating the non-Masing load/unload/reload characteristics. The various ground response parameters evaluated from this study help in assessing the ground shaking, soil amplification, and site responses expected in this region. 2D contour maps, which are representative of the distribution of some of these parameters throughout Guwahati city, are also developed. The results presented herein can serve as guidelines for the design of foundations and superstructures in this region.

关键词： ground response analysis nonlinear effective stress approach non-masing criteria ground response parameters soil amplification

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