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Designing healthy communities： A walkability analysis of LEED-ND

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2016年第4期5卷 433-452页

作者： Adriana A. Zuniga-Teran barron j. Orr Randy H. Gimblett Nader V. Chalfoun Scott B. Going David P. Guertin Stuart E. Marsh Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85719 USA

Prevailing city design in many countries has created sedentary societies that depend on automobile use. Consequently, architects, urban designers, and land planners have developed new urban design theories, which have been incorporated into the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Neighborhood Development （LEED-ND） certification system. The LEED- ND includes design elements that improve human well-being by facilitating walking and biking, a concept known as walkability. Despite these positive developments, relevant research findings from other fields of study have not been fully integrated into the LEED-ND. According to Zuniga-Teran （2015）, relevant walkability research findings from multiple disciplines were organized into a walkability framework （WF） that organizes design elements related to physical activity into nine categories, namely, connectivity, land use, density, traffic safety, surveil- lance, parking, experience, greenspace, and community. In this study, we analyze walkability in the LEED-ND through the lens of the nine WF categories. Through quantitative and qualitative analyses, we identify gaps and strengths in the LEED-ND and propose potential enhancements to this certification system that reflects what is known about enhancing walkability more comprehensively through neighborhood design analysis. This work seeks to facilitate the translation of research into practice, which can ultimately lead to more active and healthier societies.

关键词： Watkabitity LEED-ND Physical activity Urban design Well-being Built environment

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视网膜移植后免疫电镜标本的制备及改良方法

中华眼底病杂志 2006年第4期22卷 267-268页

作者：彭清曾水清 james Chen Ernesto j.barron 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院眼科美国南加州大学Keck医学院Doheny眼科研究所

视网膜移植的实验和临床研究是目前国内外研究的热点之一,但视网膜移植后,如何制备良好的免疫组织化学及透射电子显微镜标本从而清晰显示移植物与供体之间的突触连接在国内还未见报道,国外文献报道也较少见[1-4].现将我们在实验中摸索... 详细信息

视网膜移植的实验和临床研究是目前国内外研究的热点之一,但视网膜移植后,如何制备良好的免疫组织化学及透射电子显微镜标本从而清晰显示移植物与供体之间的突触连接在国内还未见报道,国外文献报道也较少见[1-4].现将我们在实验中摸索出的大鼠视网膜移植后免疫组织化学及透射电子显微镜标本制备方法简介如下。

关键词：视网膜/移植标本制备/方法电子显微镜检查免疫组织化学

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Designing healthy communities： Testing the walkability model

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第1期6卷 63-73页

作者： Adriana A. Zuniga-Teran barron j. Orr Randy H. Gimblett Nader V. Chalfoun Stuart E. Marsh David P. Guertin Scott B. Going Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85719 USA

Research from multiple domains has provided insights into how neighborhood design can be improved to have a more favorable effect on physical activity, a concept known as walkability. The relevant research findings/hypotheses have been integrated into a Walkability Framework, which organizes the design elements into nine walkability categories. The purpose of this study was to test whether this conceptual framework can be used as a model to measure the interactions between the built environment and physical activity. We explored correlations between the walkability categories and physical activity reported through a survey of residents of Tucson, Arizona （n=486）. The results include significant correlations between the walkability categories and physical activity as well as between the walkabi[ity categories and the two motivations for walking （recreation and transportation）. To our knowledge, this is the first study that reports links between wa[kability and walking for recreation. Additionally, the use of the Walkability Framework allowed us to identify the walkability categories most strongly correlated with the two motivations for walking. The results of this study support the use of the Walkability Framework as a model to measure the built environment in relation to its ability to promote physical activity.

关键词： Watkability Physical activity Buitt environment LEED-ND Neighborhood design

Electrocardiographic interference and conductance volume measurements

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journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2009年第7期2卷 491-498页

作者： Simon P. McGuirk Dan Ewert David j. barron john H. Coote 不详

The conductance catheter technique enables continuous ventricular volume measurements based on the electrical conductance of blood within the ventricular cavity. However, ventricular excitation also produces a measurable electrical signal within the ventricular cavity. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between the ventricular electrogram and conductance volume measurements in a physical model of the left ventricle without parallel conductance. The ventricular electrogram was simulated with an ECG signal, ECGinput connected to two ring electrodes within the model ventricle. Conductance volume measurements were made with and without ECGinput. The difference between these measurements, GECG(t), represented the conductance volume due to ECGinput. GECG(t) varied as a function of the first-derivative of ECGinput with respect to time (r2=0.92, P<0.001). GECG(t), This primarily affected volume measurements during ventricular depolarisation;during this phase the volume measurement error varied widely between –12% and +9%. As a re-sult, end-diastole could not be reliably identified on the pressure-volume loop. The accuracy of conduc-tance volume measurements during late diastole and early isovolumic contraction are substantially affected by the ventricular electrogram. This may result in a significant error in end-diastolic volume estimates, which has important implications for the quantitative assessment of ventricular function including, in particular, the assessment of chamber compliance.

关键词： Volume Measurement Conductance Catheter Electrocardiogram Ventricular Electrogram

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作者： j.·巴伦(j. barron)

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作者： j.·巴伦(j. barron)

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克格勃的秘密

克格勃的秘密

作者： j.·巴伦(j. barron)原

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白垩纪板块构造的重建

海洋石油 1988年第2期 9-20页

作者： Eric j.barron 金康辰

出版了白垩纪诸阶的重建图,作为白垩纪古地理和大洋与大陆资料的基础图。利用地质和地球物理资料确定白垩纪板块对北美的相对旋转。海底扩张史是根据相对旋转求得的。此扩张史与深海钻探计划的资料一致。古经度线是按平均古地磁极的位... 详细信息

出版了白垩纪诸阶的重建图,作为白垩纪古地理和大洋与大陆资料的基础图。利用地质和地球物理资料确定白垩纪板块对北美的相对旋转。海底扩张史是根据相对旋转求得的。此扩张史与深海钻探计划的资料一致。古经度线是按平均古地磁极的位置推算的。虽然仍有许多地方尚有争议,但本文提出的重建显然比先前的重建更为完整。

关键词：磁异常南极洲坎贝尔年代表地质澳大利亚海底扩张第七大陆大洋洲洋底扩张地壳运动板块边界板块边缘太平洋板块板块构造大地构造

地球的未来——前途未卜——对全球气候变暖的预测

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世界科学 1990年第5期 16-18页

作者： Eric j.barron ,罗朝华

据气象学家预测,到下世纪中叶,污染的空气将像一张展开了的毯子覆盖在空中,加剧大气本身具有的保温特性,产生温室效应,使全球气温升高。科学家们估计这次由于温室效应造成的气候变化的严重性将不亚于上一次的冰河期,只不过此次的趋势不... 详细信息

据气象学家预测,到下世纪中叶,污染的空气将像一张展开了的毯子覆盖在空中,加剧大气本身具有的保温特性,产生温室效应,使全球气温升高。科学家们估计这次由于温室效应造成的气候变化的严重性将不亚于上一次的冰河期,只不过此次的趋势不是冰窟而是火炉。“一个将被烤焦的星球”——全球性转暖的趋势正向人们发出警告。在讨论地球今后的天气情况时,人们不由自主地

关键词：温室效应变暖热量大气保温效应气象模型地球行星