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Respiratory Flow Rates of Metal Welders Compared to a Population Not Exposed to Metal Welding Dust

Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 51-59页

作者： robert Faomowe Foko Abdou Khadir Sow Awa ba Mor Diaw Fatoumata bah Mame Saloum Coly Absa Lam Cheikh Diop Aminata Toure Abdoulaye ba Abdoulaye Samb Arame Mbengue Mathilde Cabral Mamadou Fall Laboratory of Toxicology and Hydrology Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontostomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar-Fann Senegal Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Exploration Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontostomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar-Fann Senegal Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Exploration Alioune DIOP University of Bambey Bambey Senegal Laboratory of Physiology UFR of Health Sciences Functional Exploration Department Thies Regional Hospital Center Thies Senegal

background: The welding trade includes many industrial activities in both the formal and informal sectors. Workers in this professional environment do not have access to individual and collective means of protection adapted to the activity, which exposes them to the dust emitted during their activity and therefore contributes to increasing the risk of developing respiratory disorders in this population. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the ventilatory function of metal welders in the city of Dakar. Method: This was a comparative study based on the analysis of the spirometric parameters of metal welders working in the city of Dakar (Senegal) with those of a control group of the same kind, selected from the general population. Measurements of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and maximum mid expiratory flow (MMEF) were measured. Results: A total of 75 men between the ages of 19 and 61 were recruited and divided into two groups (43 controls and 32 welders). The welding population had more frequent distal and central obstructions and pulmonary restriction compared to the control group. The metals most commonly used by welders were aluminum for welders who had an obstruction, while for those who had a restriction, iron was the most used metal. Signs of metal fever were frequently found in welders, especially those with ventilatory disorders. Conclusion: The prevalence of respiratory disorders observed is close to that observed in industrial environments, where exposure levels are the highest. The lack of personal protective equipment could also be a significant risk factor in the development of these disorders.

关键词： Welder Occupational Exposure Spirometric Disorder Metal Fever Dakar

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High temperature oxidation of inoculated high Si/SiMo ductile cast irons in air and combustion atmospheres

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China Foundry 2024年第5期21卷 555-562页

作者： Iuliana Stan Mihai Chisamera robert Lascu Codrut Cariga Eduard Stefan Stelian Stan Denisa Anca Iulian Riposan National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Materials Science and Engineering Faculty313 Splaiul IndependenteiSector 6060042 BucharestRomania

The present work aims to investigate the effect of heating temperature(400,600 and 800°C)and inoculating elements(Ca,Ca-ba,Ca-RE)on oxidation behavior of ductile irons containing 5.25%Si and 4.8%Si-2.3%Mo in dry air and combustion gas containing water vapour(natural gas burning).The oxidation is influenced by the gas atmosphere type,the iron alloying system,and the inoculating elements depending on the heating *** weight gain increases from 0.001%-0.1%(400°C)to 0.05%-0.70%(600°C)and up to 0.10%-2.15%(800°C).No particular effects of the considered influencing factors are found when heating at 400°C,while at 600°C,mainly the oxidation gas atmosphere type shows a visible *** the highest heating temperature of 800°C,a limited increase of the weight gain is found for dry air atmosphere(up to 0.25%),but it drastically increases for combustion atmospheres(0.65%-2.15%).The water vapour presence in the combustion atmosphere is an important oxidising factor at 600-800°*** alloying system appears to influence the oxidation behavior mainly at a heating temperature of 800°C in the combustion atmosphere,as evidenced by the lower weight gain in 5.25%silicon cast *** effects of inoculating elements increase with the heating temperature,with Ca and ba-FeSi inoculation generally showing better *** inoculated with CaRE-FeSi exhibit a higher degree of *** results are in good relationship with the previous reported data:Ca-ba-inoculation system appears to be better than simple Ca for improving the graphite parameters,while RE-bearing inoculant negatively affects the compactness degree of graphite particles in high-Si ductile *** the lower compactness degree is typical for graphite nodules in high-Si ductile irons,which negatively affects the oxidation resistance,it is necessary to employ specific metallurgical treatments to improve nodule ***,in particular,is a potential method to achieve this improvement.

关键词： ductile iron spheroidal graphite Si/SiMo oxidation air/combustion atmospheres FeSiCaMgRE treatment Ca,Ca-ba,Ca-RE inoculation structure characteristics

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Anatomical Variants of Celiac Trunk in Relation to Its Branching: A Preliminary Sub-Saharan Study

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Open Journal of Radiology 2019年第2期9卷 151-161页

作者： Siaka Ben-Aziz Dao Ouattara Boubakar Zanga Moussa Kambou Tiemtore Bénild Nde Ouedraogo Nina Ramde Annick Louazoube P. Gaï ba.zoungrana robert Diallo Ousseini Cissé Rabiou Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

background: Surgical treatment of upper mesocolic organs is improved by preoperative diagnosis of anatomical variants of celiac trunk. According to the literature, these anatomical variants are little known in sub-Saharan Africa. Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of anatomical variants of celiac trunk in relation to its branching. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of descriptive type. It retrospectively evaluated 160 abdominal contrast enhanced CT-scan, from patients attending Yalgado OUEDRAOGO teaching hospital, from 1 January 2015 to 30 September 2016. Patients with a history of heavy abdominal surgery were excluded. Images obtained by 64-row CT-scan were analyzed for anatomical variants of the celiac trunk. Results: One hundred and twenty-eight patients (80%) had a classic anatomical configuration of celiac trunk, while thirty-two (20%) had at least one anatomical variant. Two anatomical variants were found in fifteen patients (9.4%) while five other patients (3.1%) had more than two variants. The most frequent anatomical variant was the hepato-splenic bifurcation, found in fourteen patients (8, 8%). It was followed by common celiac and mesenteric trunk, and then collateral arteries, in particular left hepatic artery and right lower diaphragmatic artery, each with three patients (1.9%). Conclusion: Anatomical variants related to celiac trunk branching, are as frequent in our study as in the literature. However, the two most common anatomical variants were hepato-splenic bifurcation and common celiac and mesenteric trunk.

关键词： Celiac Trunk Anatomical Variant Hepato-Splenic Bifurcation Common Celiac and Mesenteric Trunk CT-Scan

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A short review of malabsorption and anemia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第37期15卷 4644-4652页

作者： Fernando Fernández-baares Helena Monzón Montserrat Forné Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa University of Barcelona Plaza Dr Robert 5 08221 Terrassa Barcelona Spain

Anemia is a frequent finding in most diseases which cause malabsorption. The most frequent etiology is the combination of iron and vitamin B12 deficiency. Celiac disease is frequently diagnosed in patients referred for evaluation of iron deficiency anemia (IDA), being reported in 1.8%-14.6% of patients. Therefore, duodenal biopsies should be taken during endoscopy if no obvious cause of iron defi ciency (ID) can be found. Cobalamin defi ciency occurs frequently among elderly patients, but it is often unrecognized because the clinical manifestations are subtle; it is caused primarily by food-cobalamin malabsorption and pernicious anemia. The classic treatment of cobalamin deficiency has been parenteral administration of the vitamin. Recent data suggest that alternative routes of cobalamin administration (oral and nasal) may be useful in some cases. Anemia is a frequent complication of gastrectomy, and has been often described after bariatric surgery. It has been shown that banding procedures which maintain digestive continuity with the antrum and duodenum are associated with low rates of ID. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection may be considered as a risk factor for IDA, mainly in groups with high demands for iron, such as some children and adolescents. Further controlled trials are needed before making solid recommendations about H pylori eradication in these cases.

关键词： Anemia Celiac disease Helicobacter pylori Cobalamin deficiency Gastrectomy

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Effects of Rations Containing Maggot Concentrate as a Fish Substitute on the Technical and Economic Performance of Large White’s Piglets in Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第12期10卷 1389-1399页

作者： Timbilfou Kiendrébéogo Isidor Z. Ouédraogo Salimata Pousga Drissa barry Chantal Yvette Kaboré-zoungrana Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Station de Farako-ba Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Fasso Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Université de Dédougou Dédougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Etudes et de Recherches sur les Ressources Naturelles et les Sciences de l’Environnement (LERNSE) UniversitéNazi Boni (UNB) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

The study evaluated the effects of rations incorporating maggot concentrate (CA) as a substitute for fishmeal on growth performance and post-weaning piglet’s production costs. To do this, twenty-four (24) weanlings of large white breed were divided into 3 batches of 8 pigs each for a comparative rationing test in 2 phases. Four (04) experimental rations containing CA, two experimental rations (RI10 and RI5-5) for the 1st phase and two others (RII5 and RII10) for the 2nd phase were tested in comparison with 2 control rations RTI10 and RTII5 for the respective Phases I and II. The results show that in all phases piglet growth was continuous from the beginning to the end of each phase. In Phase I, the ADGs of piglets fed RI5-5 (138.64 g), RI10 (131.28 g) and RTI10 (104.78 g) were homogeneous (p > 0.05). The food production costs of one kg of live weight (FCkgLW) of the RI5-5 (671.39 CFAF) and RI10 (690.57 CFAF) rations were significantly lower than the RTI10 (1083.68 CFAF) ration (p 0.05). The FCkgLWs of RII10 (506.73 FCFA), RII5 (583.43 FCFA) and RTII5 (815.53 FCFA) were homogeneous (p > 0.05). The maggot concentrate can be used as a source of animal protein in the feeding of piglets in partial or total substitution for fish. The evaluation of the effects of its use on the quality of carcasses and meat will be necessary.

关键词： Diets Maggoots Concentrate Fish Meal Growth Piglets Burkina Faso

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CPAEFC Delegation Attends 21st USCPFA National Convention

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Voice of Friendship 2008年第1期 21-22页

作者： ba Cuicui

At the invitation of U.S.-China Peoples Friendship Association (USCPFA), CPAFFC Vice President Li Jianping and his party attended the 21st USCPFA National Convention held from October 5 to 6, 2007 at Sarasota, Florida. Mr. robert Sanborn and Ms. Marge Ketter were re-elected president and treasurer of the organization for another two-year term. Li Jianping held discussions during the convention with

关键词： invitation party convention president discussions

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Inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication by single-stranded RNA structural mimics

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第17期16卷 2100-2108页

作者： robert Smolic Martina Smolic John H Andorfer Catherine H Wu robert M Smith George Y Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health Center263 Farmington Ave.FarmingtonCT 06030-1845United States

AIM: To examine the effect of hepatitis C virus (HCV) structural mimics of regulatory regions of the genome on HCV ***: HCV RNA structural mimics were constructed and tested in a HCV genotype 1b aBB7 replicon,and a Japanese fulminant hepatitis-1 (JFH-1) HCV genotype 2a infection *** sequences were computer-predicted to adopt stem-loop structures identical to the corresponding elements in full-length viral ***7.5 cells bearing the BB7 replicon or infected with JFH-1 virus were transfected with expression vectors generating HCV mimics and *** HCV RNA and protein levels were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting,*** evaluate possible antisense effects,complementary RNAs spanning a mimic were ***: In the BB7 genotype 1b replicon system,mimics of the polymerase (NS-5B),X and ba regions inhibited replication by more than 90%,50%,and 60%,*** the JFH-1 genotype 2 infection system,mimics that were only 74% and 46% identical in sequence relative to the corresponding region in JFH-1 inhibited HCV replication by 91.5% and 91.2%,respectively,as effectively as a mimic with complete identity to HCV genotype *** inhibitory effects were confirmed by NS3 protein *** RNA molecules spanning the 74% identical mimic had no significant ***: HCV RNA structural mimics can inhibit HCV RNA replication in replicon and infectious HCV systems and do so independent of close sequence identity with the target.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Japanese fulminant hepatitis virus Complementarity RNA sequence Hybridization

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Randomized control trial of a culturally adapted behavioral activation therapy for Muslim patients with depression in Pakistan

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世界精神病学杂志 2023年第8期13卷 551-562页

作者： Saima Dawood Ghazala Mir robert M West Centre for Clinical Psychology University of the PunjabLahore Punjab 54590Pakistan Leeds Institute of Health Sciences School of MedicineThe University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTWest YorkshireEnglandUnited Kingdom

baCKGROUND Behavioral activation therapy(ba)is as effective as cognitive behavior therapy(CBT)in treating depression and can be delivered by practitioners with much less psychological training,making it particularly suitable for low resource *** that is culturally adapted for Muslims(ba-M)is a culturally adapted form of ba that has been found acceptable and feasible for Muslims with depression in the United Kingdom and Turkey;however,this is the first time that its efficacy has been determined through a definitive randomized controlled *** To compare the effectiveness of ba-M with CBT for Muslim patients with depression in *** One hundred and eight patients were randomized 1:1 to treatment arms in a parallel-group randomized controlled trial in hospital or community sites in Lahore,*** followed self-referral or referrals from clinicians,consultants or relevant professionals at each *** measures were recorded by blinded assessors:The patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9);the ba for depression scale short form(baDS-SF);symptom checklist-revised and the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Brief *** measures were recorded at baseline and post treatment;PHQ-9 and baDS-SF were also recorded at each session and at three month follow *** primary analysis was to regress the PHQ-9 score after therapy upon the PHQ-9 score before therapy(baseline)and the type of therapy given,that is,analysis of *** addition,analysis using PHQ-9 scores collected at each therapy session was employed in a 2-level regression *** Patients in the ba-M arm experienced greater improvement in PHQ-9 score of 1.95 units compared to the CBT arm after adjusting for baseline values(P=0.006)The key reason behind this improvement was that patients were retained in therapy longer under ba-M,in which patients were retained for an average 0.75 sessions more than CBT patients(P=0.013).Patients also showed significant differences

关键词： Culturally adapted therapy Behavioral activation Depression Pakistan Muslim Randomized control trial

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Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.Martins Luciana L.barboza Rafael M.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Gilmar M.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva robert G.Weaver Mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.Mielke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

background:Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions were14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

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Chemistry and particle size distribution of respirable coal dust in underground mines in Central Eastern Europe

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第1期9卷 200-216页

作者： Pedro Trechera Xavier Querol robert Lah Diane Johnson Aleksander Wrana Ben Williamson Teresa Moreno Instituto de Diagnostico Ambiental Y Estudios del Agua Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(IDAEACSIC)C/Jordi Girona 18‑2608034 BarcelonaSpain Department of Natural Resources and Environment Industrial and TIC Engineering(EMIT-UPC)08242 ManresaSpain Premogovnik Velenje d.d Partizanskacesta 783320 VelenjeSlovenia Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterPenrynCornwall TR109FEUK Department of Extraction Technology and Mining Support Central Mining Institute(GIG)40‑166 KatowicePlacGwarkow 1Poland

Despite international efforts to limit worker exposure to coal dust,it continues to impact the health of thousands of miners across *** coal dust has been studied to improve risk models and its control to protect *** size distribution analyses shows that using spraying systems to suppress airborne dusts can reduce particulate matter concentrations and that coals with higher ash yields produce finer *** are marked chemical differences between parent coals and relatively coarse deposited dusts(up to _(500)μm,DD_(500)).Enrichments in Ca,K,ba,Se,Pb,Cr,Mo,Ni and especially As,Sn,Cu,Zn and Sb in the finest respirable dust fractions could originate from:(i)mechanical machinery wear;(ii)variations in coal mineralogy;(iii)coal fly ash used in shotcrete,and carbonates used to reduce the risk of *** enrichments in Ca in mine dusts are attributed to the use of such concrete,and elevated K to raised levels of phyllosilicate mineral *** concentrations are higher in the parent coal than in the DD_(500),probably due to relatively lower levels of organic *** concentrations of all elements observed in this study remained below occupational exposure limits.

关键词： Coal dust Deposited dust Respirable dust Particle size distribution Dust chemistry PM10 coal dust exposure

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