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Load balancing routing for single-layered satellite networks

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2010年第2期17卷 92-99页

作者： rao Yuan WANG Ru-chuan XU Xiao-long College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210003 China

The varying population density leads to imbalanced utilization rate of satellites. To ensure an intelligent engineering of traffic over satellite networks, a distributed routing scheme for single-layered satellite network, load balancing routing protocol based on mobile agent （LbRP-MA） is proposed. For LbRP-MA, mobile agents explore route by migrating autonomously. Upon arriving at destination, mobile agents migrate back. On each intermediate satellite, mobile agents evaluate path cost considering satellite geographical position as well as inter-satellite link （ISL） cost, and finally take ISL congestion index into account to update routing tables. Through simulations on the Courier-like constellation, the proposed approach is shown to achieve guaranteed end-to-end delay bound and decrease packet loss ratio with better throughput, which is especially suitable for data transferring in case of high traffic load. Moreover, results of the complexity analysis demonstrate that LbRP-MA can have low onboard signaling, storage and computation requirements. Furthermore, issues of LbRP-MA such as ISL congestion index and cost modification factor are discussed.

关键词： load balancing mobile agent satellite networks routing

Dielectric dispersion,linear and nonlinear optical properties of Li_(2)O-WO_(3)-b_(2)O_(3):V_(2)O_(5)glasses

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2020年第3期10卷 64-71页

作者： Linganaboina Srinivasa rao Chinthakuntla Thirmal Parchuri Raghavendra rao Centre for Nanoscience and Technology Department of Physics(Humanities&Sciences)VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology bachupally Nizampet(S.O)Hyderabad-500090TelanganaIndia Department of Physics Malla Reddy Engineering College for Women Maisamma Guda Dhulapally(PO)Secundrabad-500100TelanganaIndia

40 Li_(2)O–5WO_(3)–(55-x)b_(2)O_(3):xV_(2)O_(5)(mol%)for 0.0≤x≤0.8 glasses were prepared by *** polarization was described in terms of the dielectric constant("0)and loss(tanδ).Mixed conduction phenomenon was explained by redox pairs V^(4+)↔V^(5+)and W^(5+)↔W^(6+) at high *** polarizability(αe)was determined over a range of frequencies(100 Hz–100 kHz)and temperatures(30–280℃).The change of boron coordination in the glass network was explained with the aid of temperature coefficient of polarizability(φ).Nonlinear susceptibility(χ^((3)))and optical band gap(E°)were studied as a function of concentration of V_(2)O_(5).The highest values ofαe andχ^((3))were obtained at x=0.6 mol%.These glasses may find potential practical applications in the fields of solid-state ionics and nonlinear optics.

关键词： Dielectric properties electronic polarizability third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility optical band gap

Insights into a novel chrysanthemum-coix seed beverage prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis: Chemical profile, sensory quality, and functional property

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Food bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 1204-1214页

作者： Huishan rao Lianzhu Lin Mouming Zhao School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China Chaozhou branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Chaozhou521000China

Yin-deficiency-heat(YDH)syndrome characterized by inflammatory lesions is a common sub-health state in human *** and coix seed are commonly used to improve YDH *** chemical,volatile,and phenolic profiles and sensory and functional properties of five plant-based solid beverages(PSb)prepared by hydrothermal treatment coupling with enzymatic hydrolysis by amylase and protease using chrysanthemum and coix seed as materials were ***-coix seed beverage had wonderful water solubility,reduced bitter and sour taste,sweet taste,and harmonious *** phenolics extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis might impact multiple metabolic pathways and biological processes to intervene in inflammation and most of them had high *** promoted the production of beneficial gut microbiota ***-coix seed beverages exerted more positive effects on YDH syndrome due to anti-inflammatory phenolics from chrysanthemum and resistant starch/dextrin from coix seed facilitating short-chain fatty acids *** study provided new sight for developing plant-based beverages with anti-YDH syndrome potential.

关键词： Yin-deficiency-heat syndrome Enzymatic hydrolysis Chrysanthemum Coix seed In vitro gastrointestinal digestion Fecal fermentation

Density functional theory study of 1:1 glycine–water complexes in the gas phase and in solution

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第2期53卷 383-395,445-453页

作者： KE HongWei rao Li XU Xin YAN YiJing Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong KongChina State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

We present a systematic study of 1:1 glycine-water complexes involving all possible glycine conformers. The complex geometries are fully optimized for the first time both in the gas phase and in solution using three DFT methods (b3LYP, PbE1PbE, X3LYP) and the MP2 method. We calculate the G3 energies and use them as the reference data to gauge hydrogen bond strength in the gas phase. The solvent effects are treated via the integral equation formalism-polarizable continuum model (IEF-PCM). Altogether, we locate fifty-two unique nonionized (N) structures and six zwitterionic (Z) structures in the gas phase, and fifty-five N structures and thirteen Z structures in solution. both correlation and solvation are shown to be important in geometry determination. We found that in the gas phase, a water molecule binds more strongly to the carboxylic acid group of glycine than to its amine group, whereas in solution phase the reverse is true. The most stable Z structure is isoenergetic with the most stable N structure.

关键词： glycine solvent effect hydrogen bond

Tissue-specific trace elements concentration and human health risk assessment in three marine fish species from Visakhapatnam to Kakinada coasts

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2023年第4期7卷 611-626页

作者： A.Jaya Sree A.Srinivasulu Tanushree Panigrahi b.Aruna Jaganmoy biswas A.D.P.rao Department of Nuclear Physics Andhra UniversityVisakhapatnamAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Chemistry Gitam UniversityVisakhapatnamAndhra PradeshIndia UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research KolkataIndia

Purpose The current study was aimed to evaluate the bioaccumulation of elements(As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Se and Zn)in the gills,liver and muscle of three distinct marine fish species,namely Nemipterus japonicas,Upeneus vittatus and Pampus argenteus species were collected from Visakhapatnam to Kakinada coastal *** The fish tissues were analyzed for trace metals using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence(EDXRF).To ensure the quality control,reliability of the experimental validation,two certified reference materials(CRMs)procured from National Institute of Standards and Testing(NIST SRM 1577c-bovine Liver)and European Commission-Joint Research Centre,Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements(ERMbb422-Fish muscle)were analyzed using *** The evaluated estimated daily intake(EDI)values for each metal are below the reference dose levels established by World Health Organisation(WHO).The target hazard quotient(THQ)values of both the locations of the present study are lower than one(bined target hazard quotient(CTHQ)values are higher than one(>1)showing the presence of health *** cancer risk(CR)factor value for arsenic was below the acceptable lifetime carcinogenic risk(10^(–5)).The levels of heavy metals varied significantly among three fish species and *** mean concentrations of As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Se and Zn were slightly higher than the Ministry of Agriculture,Fisheries and Food(MAFF),Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO),Turkish food codex and brazilian Legislation standard *** findings of this study revealed that muscles possessed the lowest concentrations mostly of all the metals when compared with liver and *** The study concluded that consumption of the muscle tissue may not pose severe health risk to human health but should be consumed moderately to prevent bioaccumulation of the metals especially As.

关键词： Health risk assessment Marine fish species-Trace elements Tissue specific

Using Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements to Indicate Sediment Provenance of Sand Ridges in Southwestern Yellow Sea

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第1期27卷 63-77页

作者： LI Lei SU Jinbao rao Wenbo WANG Yigang College of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China College of Harbour Coastal and Offshore Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

The Jianggang Harbour-centered radial sand ridge(RSR) is the largest sand body in the Yellow Sea. Its formation and evolution are of interest for scientists of various fields; however, the sediment provenance is uncertain. In this study, rare earth element(REE) geochemical compositions of the RSR sediments together with their potential sources are investigated to identify the provenance of the RSR sediments. The typical parameters((La/Yb)_N,(La/Sm)_N and(Gd/Yb)_N) as well as the upper continental crust-normalized patterns of REEs can only be associated with source rocks, and thus can be used as effective tracers for the origin and sources of sediments. However, the REE contents of sediments are affected by many factors, such as particle sorting and chemical weathering. Onshore RSR sediments are different in REE geochemical composition from offshore RSR sediments to some extent, suggesting that not all of the offshore RSR sediments have the same sources as the onshore RSR sediments. Meanwhile, the sediments adjacent to the northeast of Cheju Island and at Lian Island near the Lianyun Harbour were not the source of the RSR sediments due to their distinctive REE patterns, dEu,(La/Yb)_N,(Gd/Yb)_N and(La/Sm)_N. The Korean river sediments could be dispersed to the Jiangsu Coast slightly impacting the fine fractions of the RSR sediments, particularly the offshore RSR sediments. Additionally, geochemical comparisons show that the modern Yellow River was responsible for the onshore RSR sediments, whereas the sediment loads from the Yangtze River could serve as a major contributor to the RSR, particularly the offshore RSR. In addition, the offshore RSR could also be partly fed by an unknown source due to some high values of(La/Yb)_N,(La/Sm)_N and La contents differing from those of the Chinese and Korean river sediments.

关键词： rare earth elements(REEs) sediment provenance radial sand ridges(RSRs) potential sources Yellow Sea

Effect of ramp-cavity on hydrogen fueled scramjet combustor

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Propulsion and Power Research 2014年第1期3卷 22-28页

作者： J.V.S.Moorthy b.Rajinikanth b.V.N.Charyulu G.Amba Prasad rao Scientist Defence Research and Development LaboratoryHyderabadAndhra Pradesh 500058India Professor in Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangalAndhra Pradesh 506004India

Sustained combustion and optimization of combustor are the two challenges being faced by combustion scientists working in the area of supersonic *** mixing,lower stagnation pressure losses,positive thrust and sustained combustion are the key issues in the field of supersonic *** fluid mechanism is required to achieve good *** induce such mechanisms in supersonic inflows,the fuel injectors should be critically shaped incurring less flow *** investigations are focused on the effect of fuel injection scheme on a model scramjet combustor *** at supersonic flow generate axial vortices that help in macro-mixing of fuel with *** of shocks generated by ramps with the fuel stream generates boro-clinic torque at the air&liquid fuel interface,enhancing *** zones present in cavities increase the residence time of the combustible *** use of the advantageous features of both,a ramp-cavity combustor is *** combustor has two ***,constant height section consists of a backward facing step followed by ramps and cavities on both the top and bottom *** ramps are located alternately on top and bottom *** complete combustor width is utilized for the *** second section of the combustor is diverging area *** is provided to avoid thermal *** the present work gaseous hydrogen is considered as *** study was mainly focused on the mixing different fuel injection *** was found that injecting fuel upstream of the ramp was beneficial from fuel spread point of view.

关键词： Supersonic combustion Combustion instabilities Ramps Cavities Mixing

Crustal structure of the western Indian shield: Model based on regional gravity and magnetic data

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 717-728页

作者： Suman Kilaru bandaru Karunakar Goud Vijay Kumar rao National Geophysical Research Institute

Regional surface gravity data and global satellite magnetic data have been utilized to generate a preliminary model of the crustal structure along a southwest-northeast profile （Gadra-Fatehpur） through western *** study area represents the western part of the Indian continental landmass which has undergone several major episodes of repeated subduction/collision,plume traces and rifting from Archaean to recent *** temporal and spatial relationship between the various geotectonic provinces is quite complex,thereby limiting the emergence of a suitable crustal structure model for this *** of the Malani Igneous Suite （MIS）,a product of bimodal volcanism （～780 Ma）,and considered to be the third largest felsic magmatic province of the world,is evident along the profile and also to the southwest of the study *** easternmost part of the profile is close to the DAFb （Delhi Aravalli Fold belt）,a Proterozoic orogenic *** study probes the geometry of the different crustal units in terms of density and susceptibility variations in order to decipher the imprints of the major tectonic processes the region has *** order to decipher the crustal geometry of the Gadra-Fatehpur profile,two NW-SE gravity and magnetic profile vertical sections （A-A＇ in the south and b-b＇ in the north） are modelled on the basis of the constraints provided from previous seismic *** crustal model of the Gadra-Fatehpur profile is composed of alluvium,Tertiary sediments,MIS,Marwar Supergroup,low-density layers （LDLs） and the middle-lower crustal layers,with a distinct change in configuration from the southwest to *** Moho dips from SW to NE,the MIS in the SW gives way to the thick pile of the Marwar Supergroup to the *** evolution of MIS has been suggested to have occurred as a consequence of delamination of the upper *** are incorporated in Gadra-Fatehpur *** the SW,LDL （2550 kg/m3） lies below the MIS in the NE,another LDL （2604

关键词： Western Indian shield Gravity and magnetic modelling MIS Delamination bimodal volcanism

Detrital Zircon Geochronology of the Radial Sand Ridge System of Jiangsu Coast, East China: Implication for Sediment Provenance

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第1期29卷 144-154页

作者： Jinbao Su Wenbo rao Yigang Wang Changping Mao School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai University School of Harbour Coastal and Offshore Engineering Hohai University

The radial sand ridge system （RSRS） located at Jiangsu coast of China attracts much attention on its origin and mechanic of formation for its special structure and potential land resource. Due to complicated hydrodynamic condition, the Jiangsu RSRS is a hot debated on its potential sources, Yangtze River or Yellow River？ We collected ten sand samples from surface sediments along the west coast of bohai Sea and Yellow Sea from the modern Yellow River estuary to Yangtze River estuary in summer, 2013. The samples are analyzed by method of detrital zircon age for source identification of the RSRS sediments. The U-Pb age spectra of detrital zircon grains of the samples show a wide range from Cenozoic to Late Archean with several age peaks. Comparing the age spectra between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, the detrital zircons have younger age （〈100 Ma） group in the Yangtze River. These age distribution of the Jiangsu coastal RSRS sediments are similar to that of the Yangtze River, but different from the Yellow River. The samples located adjacent to the old Yellow River Delta show more wide-range age distribution, implying a compounded origination from the both rivers. based on these findings it is proposed that, contrary to common opinion, the main sediment source of the Jiangsu RSRS is the Yangtze River, rather than the Yellow River. by implication, there should be evidence of hydrodynamic mechanics of oceanic currents and tidal motion. This aspect awaits confirmation in future research.

关键词： Yellow Sea Jiangsu coast radial sand ridge zircon geochronology sediment provenance.