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Catalytic Feedstock Recycling of Polymers

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 263-266页

作者： raju Francis beena Sethi Department of chemistry K.L. Mehta Dayanand College for Women Faridabad Haryana India Department of chemistry MahatamaGandhi University Kottayam Kerala India

This piece of study involves degradation of plastic waste in presence of two different catalysts. It was found in gas chromatography (GC) analysis results that in presence of these catalysts more than 80% of polymer by weight was converted into either liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons. These can be utilized as fuel or can be transformed into other useful products. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis of polymers suggest that presence of these catalysts lowers degradation temperature and change mechanism of degradation.

关键词： Polymer Degradation Catalyst Green Chemistryr Feedstock Recycling GC TGA DSC

The fat and the furious:fatty acids fuel hyperproliferative germinal center b cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第8期17卷 794-796页

作者： Rens Peeters Annemiek b.van Spriel Department of Tumor Immunology Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboudumcNijmegenThe Netherlands

The germinal center(GC)reaction is considered the cornerstone of our humoral immune *** in specialized follicles inside secondary lymphoid organs,germinal center b cells(GCbCs)execute a pivotal *** an infection,the number of GCbCs is rapidly expanded,and subsequently GCbCs differentiate into specialized antibody-secreting *** intricate process is driven by the positive selection of GCbCs via the b-cell receptor with the highest affinity for the respective *** this period of extensive proliferation,GCbCs are among the fastest dividing cells in our *** has been established that cell proliferation requires tremendous amounts of energy and building ***,there remains a paucity of evidence to explain how proliferating GCbCs meet these metabolic *** their latest publication in Nature Immunology,Weisel et *** new insights that may have a far-reaching impact on the evolution of the immunometabolism field.

关键词： metabolism organs specialized

Mercury deposition in central China from the Last Glacial Maximum to the early Holocene recorded in an accurately-dated stalagmite

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Science bulletin 2025年第1期70卷 90-95页

作者： Yanzhen Li Liangcheng Tan Simin Jin Hai Xu Lüfan Chen David b.Kemp Ashish Sinha Le Ma Chunju Huang Lawrence R.Edwards Hai Cheng State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China State Key Laboratory of biogeology and Environmental Geology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Earth Science California State University Dominguez HillsCarson CA 90747USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Characterization of transport pathways and depositional changes in Mercury(Hg)and their connection to climatic and environmental changes on various time scales are crucial for better understanding the anthropogenic impacts on the global Hg cycle in the Anthropocene *** this study,we examined Hg variations recorded in a stalagmite from central China,covering the period from 25.5 to 10.9 thousand years *** data show a marked increase in Hg concentrations during the late Last Glacial Maximum,which coincided with the period of highest dust deposition on the Chinese Loess *** concentrations were lower during Heinrich events 1 and 2 and the Younger Dryas but higher during the bùllingAllerùd and the early *** suggest that regional dust load,which enhances atmospheric dry deposition of Hg,is the primary factor influencing Hg deposition in central China on glacialinterglacial *** millennial-to-centennial timescales,climate also plays a significant *** and wetter conditions increase vegetation,litterfall,and soil/rock weathering,which in turn boost mineral dissolution and soil erosion in the vadose *** processes collectively result in higher Hg concentrations in the stalagmite.

关键词： Speleothem Hg Glacial-interglacial cycle Millennial-to centennial-scale

Distribution and geochemical significance of dibenzofurans,phenyldibenzofurans and benzo[b]naphthofurans in source rock extracts from Niger Delta basin,Nigeria

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Acta Geochimica 2020年第6期39卷 973-987页

作者： Abiodun b.Ogbesejana Oluwasesan M.bello Department of Applied Chemistry Federal University Dutsin-MaP.M.B.5001Dutsin-MaKatsina StateNigeria

The distribution and geochemical significance of dibenzofurans,phenyldibenzofurans and benzo[b]naptho-furans in source rocks from Niger Delta basin,Nigeria,were investigated by Rock-Eval pyrolysis and gas chro-matography--mass spectrometry(GC--MS).The data obtained from the source rocks evaluation showed that the rock samples contained type 1/III kerogen capable of generating oil and gas and were within immature to early mature *** relative abundance of the Cor,C1-and C2-dibenzofurans range from 1.75%to 29.82%,27.60%to 40.52%and 29.66%to 6889%,*** diben-zofurans were dominated by *** the C1-dibenzofurans,2-+3-methyldibenzofuran was the most abundant in the rock samples while 1-methy ldibenzofuran appeared to be the *** relative abundance of benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan(1,2]bNF),benzo[b]naph-tha[2,1-d]furan(2.1]bNF)and benzo[b]naphtha[2,3-d]fu-ran([2.3]bNF)in the rock extracts range from 12.01%to 52.58%,32.61%to 75.219%and 10.27%to 52.43%.The wide range of values recorded for the three isomers of benzo[b lnapthofurans in the samples suggest source rocks formed from mixed organic *** the pheny ldibenzofuran isomers,4-pheny ldibenzofuran was the most abundant while 1-phenyldibenzofuran was the *** ratio-1(PhFR-1)and pheny ldibenzofuran ratio-2(PhFR-2)values range from 0.13 to 1.20 and 0.11 to 2.11,*** resuls showed that the relative abundance of PhFR-1 and PhFR-2 increase gradually with increasing burial depth and maturity(VRo≤0.77%,MPI-1≤*** s 443℃),and have a good correlations with calculated vitrinite ***-I and maximum Temperature(Tmax)-This range of values suggested immature to early mature source *** source rocks were found to have shale and coul lithologics and deposited in a lacustrine/fuvial deltaic settings within immature to early mature stages based on the distribution of dibenzofurans,pheny ldiben-zofurans and benzo[b]naphthofurans in the source rock

关键词： Dibenzofurans benzo[b]napthofurans Source rocks Niger delta Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Chyle leak following root of mesentery dissection in pancreaticoduodenectomy with inferior infracolic superior mesenteric artery first approach

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第8期13卷 8-14页

作者： Prabir Maharjan Sujan Regmee Spandan D Adhikari Rabin Pahari Roshan Ghimire Dhiresh K Maharjan Suman K Shrestha Prabin b Thapa Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching HospitalKathmandu 44600Nepal

bACKGROUND The root of mesentery dissection is one of the critical maneuvers,especially in borderline resectable pancreatic head ***-abdominal chyle leak(CL)including chylous ascites may ensue in up to 10%of patients after pancreatic *** recognized superior mesenteric artery(SMA)first approaches are invariably *** mesenteric dissection through the inferior infracolic approach has been discussed in this study emphasizing its post-operative impact on CL which is the cornerstone of this *** To assess incidence,risk factors,clinical impact of CL following root of mesentery dissection,and the different treatment *** This is a retrospective study incorporating the patients who underwent dissection of the root of mesentery with inferior infracolic SMA first approach pancreat-oduodenectomy for the ventral body and uncinate mass of pancreas in the Department of Gastrointestinal and General Surgery of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from January 1,2021 to February 28,***-erative findings and postoperative outcomes were *** In three years,ten patients underwent root of mesentery dissection with inferior infracolic SMA first approach *** mean age was 67.6 years with a male-to-female ratio of 4:*** was seen in four *** virtue of CL,Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅱ or higher morbidity was observed in four *** patients had a hospital stay of more than 20 days with the former having a delayed gastric emptying and the latter with long-term total parenteral nutrition *** mean operative time was 330 *** resection was achieved in 100%of the *** mean duration of the intensive care unit and hospital stay were 2.55±1.45 days and 15.7±5.32 days,*** Root of mesentery dissection with lymphadenectomy and vascular resection correlated with occurrence of *** complete curative resection,these were managed with tota

关键词： Chyle leak Chylous ascites Clavien-Dindo Pancreatoduodenectomy Root of mesentery dissection Superior mesenteric artery first approach Total parenteral nutrition Uncinate mass Vascular resection Ventral body mass

Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns during Seed Coat Development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1074-1091页

作者： Gillian Dean YongGuo Cao DaoQuan Xiang Nicholas J. Provart Larissa Ramsay Abdul Ahad Rick White Gopalan Selvaraj raju Datla George Haughn Department of botany University of British Columbia 6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada National Research Council of Canada Plant biotechnology Institute 110 Gymnasium Place Saskatoon SK S7N owg Canada Department of Cell and Systems biology/Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of Toronto 25 Willcocks St Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada Department of Statistics University of British Columbia 6356 Agricultural Road Vancouver BC V6T 1Z2 Canada

The seed coat is important for embryo protection, seed hydration, and dispersal. Seed coat composition is also of interest to the agricultural sector, since it impacts the nutritional value for humans and livestock alike. Although some seed coat genes have been identified, the developmental pathways controlling seed coat development are not completely elucidated, and a global genetic program associated with seed coat development has not been reported. This study uses a combination of genetic and genomic approaches in Arabidopsis thaliana to begin to address these knowledge gaps. Seed coat development is a complex process whereby the integuments of the ovule differentiate into specialized cell types. In Arabidopsis, the outermost layer of cells secretes mucilage into the apoplast and develops a secondary cell wall known as a columella. The layer beneath the epidermis, the palisade, synthesizes a secondary cell wall on its inner tangential side. The innermost layer （the pigmented layer or endothelium） produces proanthocyanidins that condense into tannins and oxidize, giving a brown color to mature seeds. Genetic separation of these cell layers was achieved using the ap2-7 and tt16-1 mutants, where the epidermis/palisade and the endothelium do not develop respectively. This genetic ablation was exploited to examine the developmental programs of these cell types by isolating and collecting seed coats at key tran- sitions during development and performing global gene expression analysis. The data indicate that the developmental programs of the epidermis and the pigmented layer proceed relatively independently. Global expression datasets that can be used for identification of new gene candidates for seed coat development were generated. These dataset provide a comprehensive expression profile for developing seed coats in Arabidopsis, and should provide a useful resource and reference for other seed systems.

关键词： Seed coat microarray APETALA2 TRANSPARENT TESTA16 mucilage pectin secondary cell wall pigmentedlayer proanthocyanidin.

Copper interactions with DNA of chromatin and its role in neurodegenerative disorders

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2013年第5期3卷 354-359页

作者： M.Govindaraju H.S.Shekar S.b.Sateesha P.Vasudeva raju K.R.Sambasiva Rao K.S.J.Rao A.J.Rajamma Molecular biophysics Unit Indian Institute of Science Department of Pharmacy Practice KIMS Hospital and Research CenterVIPS Department of Pharmaceutics Acharya & B.M.Reddy College of Pharmacy Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South Carolina Department of biotechnology Acharya Nagarjuna University Centre for Neuroscience Institute for Scientifc Research and Technological services INDICASAT-AIP Department of Pharmacognosy KLEU's College of Pharmacy

In this study, we have demonstrated the conformational changes to DNA induced by abnormal interactions of copper using circular dichroism, in combination with UV-absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy. Results confirm that binding of copper to bases of DNA in chromatin is concentration dependent. binding efficiency of Cu2~ ions to DNA is increased in proportion to the degree of unwinding of the double helix induced by denaturation. Altered b-DNA conformation will alter the integrity of DNA which may affect the normal process of DNA replication and transcription. Copper induced DNA damage in the brain may cause neurotoxicity and the neuronal cell death and is implicated in Alzheimer＇s disease and other neurological disorders.

关键词： Human brain Chromatin DNA Copper Neurodegenerative disorders

Acoustic Emission Studies on Weld bead Defects in Nuclear Grade SS 316L Materials

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Open Journal of Acoustics 2014年第3期4卷 115-130页

作者： Ranganayakulu S. V. Shiva raju J. Kuchedludu A. Ramesh Kumar b. Center for Non Destructive Evaluation Gurunanak Institutions Technical Campus Hyderabad India Institute for Plasma Research [IPR] Bhatt Gujarat State India

This paper contributes about the behaviour of Acoustic Emission (AE) signatures of implanted weld defects of SS 316L materials. Lack of penetration and lack of side fusion defects were implanted in weld bead region of the materials. Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG) is adopted to weld the Stainless Steel (SS316L) nuclear grade materials. The material is fabricated with dimensions of 140 × 16 × 10 mm and AE signatures are studied under preload conditions. Mechanical Jig is fabricated to maintain constant load in concentrated weld region. When external load is applied on the weld region, the deformed specimen experiences acoustic emission signals form the weld defect region which are potential source of releasing stress energy. Liner Location Technique (LLT) is adopted for AE singal studies and the generated signal is processed by 2-channel USb—AE node and AE-WIN software. The tests are conducted on two different samples having each defect. A conventional NDT method i.e. X-ray Radiography is conducted on the samples to know the defect ranging and correlated with AE signatures. This study will be helpful to standardize the AE signals for different implanted weld defects of SS 316L materials and it is found that, the parameter “counts vs. amplitude” has given the widest distinction with respect to the type of defects.

关键词： Acoustic Emission Signatures X-Ray Radiography Lack of Side Fusion Lack of Penetration Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (TIG)

Developmental and genomic architecture of plant embryogenesis: from model plant to crops

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Plant Communications 2021年第1期2卷 1-12页

作者： Alma Armenta-Medina C.Stewart Gillmor Peng Gao Javier Mora-Macias Leon V.Kochian Daoquan Xiang raju Datla Global Institute for Food Security University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 4J8Canada Laboratorio Nacional de Genòmica para la biodiversidad(Langebio) Unidad de Genòmica AvanzadaCentro de Investigaciòny Estudios Avanzados del IPN(CINVESTAV-IPN)IrapuatoGuanajuatoMéxico National Research Council Canada 110 Gymnasium PlaceSaskatoonSK S7N 0W9Canada

Embryonic development represents an important reproductive phase of sexually reproducing plant *** fusion of egg and sperm produces the plant zygote,a totipotent cell that,through cell division and cell identity specification in early embryogenesis,establishes the major cell lineages and tissues of the adult *** subsequent morphogenesis phase produces the full-sized embryo,while the late embryogenesis maturation process prepares the seed for dormancy and subsequent germination,ensuring continuation of the plant life *** this review on embryogenesis,we compare the model eudicot Arabidopsis thaliana with monocot crops,focusing on genome activation,paternal and maternal regulation of early zygote development,and key organizers of patterning,such as auxin and WOX transcription *** the early stages of embryo development are apparently conserved among plant species,embryo maturation programs have diversified between eudicots and *** diversification in crop species reflects the likely effects of domestication on seed quality traits that are determined during embryo maturation,and also assures seed germination in different environmental *** review describes the most important features of embryonic development in plants,and the scope and applications of genomics in plant embryo studies.

关键词： embryogenesis embryo patterning zygote genome activation transcription factors genomics transcriptomics