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Influence of TiO_2 on the electrochemical performance of pasted typeβ-nickel hydroxide electrode in alkaline electrolyte

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第1期25卷 41-48页

作者： b.Shruthi b.J.Madhu V.bheema raju Department of Chemistry Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology Post Graduate Department of Physics Government Science College Department of Chemistry Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering

Nickel hydroxide was used as the positive electrode material in rechargeable alkaline batteries, which plays a significant role in the field of electric energy storage devices. β-nickel hydroxide（β-Ni（OH）2 ） was prepared from nickel sulphate solution using potassium hydroxide as a precipitating agent. Pure β-phase of nickel hydroxide was confirmed from XRD and FT-IR studies. The effects of TiO2 additive on the β-Ni（OH）2 electrode performance are examined. The structure and property of the TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 were characterized by XRD, TG-DTA and SEM analysis. A pasted–type electrode is prepared using nickel hydroxide powder as the main active material on a nickel sheet as a current collector. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies were performed to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the β-Ni（OH）2 and TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 electrodes in 6 M KOH electrolyte. Anodic（Epa） and cathodic（Epc）peak potentials are found to decrease after the addition of TiO 2 into β-Ni（OH）2 electrode material. Further,addition of TiO2 is found to enhance the reversibility of the electrode reaction and also increase the separation of the oxidation current peak of the active material from the oxygen evolution current. Compared with pure β-Ni（OH）2 lectrode,TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 electrode is found to exhibit higher proton diffusion coefficient（D） and lower charge transfer resistance. These findings suggest that the TiO2 added β-Ni（OH）2 electrode possess improved electrochemical properties and thus can be recognized as a promising candidate for the battery electrode applications.

关键词： Nickel hydroxide Electrode material Thermogravimetric analysis Electrochemical properties Impedance spectroscopy

Effect of wall temperature modulation on the heat transfer characteristics of droplet-train flow inside a rectangular microchannel

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第3期28卷 685-697页

作者： Vivekanand S.V.b.,raju V.R.K. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangalTelangana 506004India

The numerical studies of water–oil two-phase slug flow inside a two-dimensional vertical microchannel subjected to modulated wall temperature boundary conditions have been discussed in the present *** researchers have contributed their efforts in exploring the characteristics of Taylor flows inside microchannel under constant wall heat flux or isothermal wall ***,there is no study available in the literature which discusses the impact of modulated thermal wall boundary conditions on the heat transfer behavior of slug flows inside ***,to bridge this gap,an effort has been made to understand the heat transfer characteristics of the flow under sinusoidal wall temperature ***,a single phase flow and heat transfer study was performed in microchannels,and the results of the fully developed velocity profile and heat transfer rate were validated with benchmark analytical *** an optimal selection of the combination of sinusoidal thermal wall boundary conditions has been made for the two-phase slug flow ***,the effects of amplitude(0 bεb 0.03)and frequency(0 bωb 750πrad·s-1)of the sinusoidal wall temperature profile on the heat transfer have been studied using the optimal combination of the wall boundary *** results of the numerical study using modulated temperature conditions on channel walls showed a significant improvement in the heat transfer over liquid-only flow by approximately 50%as well as over two-phase flow without wall temperature *** non-dimensional temperature contours obtained for different cases of temperature modulation clearly explain the root cause of such improvement in the heat ***,the results based on the hydrodynamics of the flow have also been reported in terms of variation of droplet shapes and film *** influence of Capillary number on the film thickness as well as heat transfer rates has also been *** addition,the measured fil

关键词： Heat transfer Microchannel Modulation Surface tension Taylor flow

How does the stand structure of treeline-forming species shape the treeline ecotone in different regions of the Nepal Himalayas?

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第10期17卷 2354-2368页

作者： Parveen K.CHHETRI raju bISTA Krishna b.SHRESTHA Department of Earth Science and Geography California State UniversityDominguez HillsCarsonCalifornia90747USA Department of biological Sciences University of BergenPO Box 7803N-5020BergenNorway

Stand structure dynamics are considered as major happenings in any forest as a response to environmental ***,this important topic is underrepresented in the treeline studies in the Nepal *** aimed to investigate site-as well as species-specific changes in morphometric features(basal diameter,crown cover,density,and height)along the elevational gradient across treeline ecotones in response to recent environmental *** stand structure characteristics of Abies spectabilis,Pinus wallichiana,and betula utilis across the treeline ecotone of three study sites in Eastern(barun),Central(Manang),and Western(Dhorpatan)Nepal were analyzed to elucidate structural ***,eight transects(20 m×(60–250 m))across the treeline ecotone were *** of all life forms,trees(>2 m),saplings(0.5–2 m),and seedlings(basal area increment was higher in barun,but the Manang treeline,despite profound regeneration in recent years,had a low annual basal area ***,the altitudinal distribution of age and morphometry were not consistent among those ***,intra-specific competition was not *** site-specific stand structure dynamics explain why treelines do not respond uniformly to increasing *** invokes,in further studies,the incorporation of the tree’s morphometric adaptation traits,phenotypic plasticity,and interactions between species genotype and the environment.

关键词： Climate change Morphometry Nepal Himalayas Stand structure Treeline Tree-rings

Effects of variable fluid properties on the thin film flow of Ostwald-de Waele fluid over a stretching surface

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2013年第1期25卷 10-19页

作者： VAJRAVELU K. PRASAD K. V. raju b. T. Department of Mathematics Department of Mechanical Material and Aerospace Engineering University of Central Florida Department of Mathematics Central College Campus Bangalore University

We investigate, in this paper, the effects of thermo-physical properties on the flow and heat transfer in a thin film of a power-law liquid over a horizontal stretching surface in the presence of a viscous dissipation. The fluid properties, namely the fluid viscosity and the fluid thermal conductivity, are assumed to vary with temperature. Using a similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations with a time dependent boundary are converted into coupled non-linear Ordinary Differential Equations （ODEs） with variable coefficients. Numerical solutions of the coupled ODEs are obtained by a finite difference scheme known as the Keller-box method. Results for the velocity and temperature distributions are presented graphically for different values of the pertinent parameters. The effects of unsteady parameter on the skin friction, the wall temperature gradient and the film thickness are presented and analyzed for zero and non-zero values of the temperature-dependent thermo-physical properties. The results obtained reveal many interesting features that warrant further study on the non-Newtonian thin film fluid flow phenomena, especially the shear-thinning phenomena.

关键词： Thin film flow variable fluid properties viscous dissipation finite difference method

Assessment of Cross-coupling Effects in PV String-integrated-converters with P&O MPPT Algorithm Under Various Partial Shading Patterns

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第4期8卷 1013-1028页

作者： Suneel raju Pendem Suresh Mikkili the Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department National Institute of Technology GoaPonda 403401India

A signifcant challenge in the progress and development of building-Integrated-Photovoltaic(b-I-PV)systems is concerned with the extraction of maximum power from PV *** PV system archtecture is an essential feature to extract the maximum *** conventional PV-centralinverter architecture consists of various connections among the PV modules,which are sensitive to shading effects and pro-duces mismatching power loss under partial shading conditions(PSCs),Hence,photovoltaic-distributed-maximum power point tracking(PV-D-MPPT)architecture has been proposed to extract the maximum ***-1 D-MPPT architecture,the output terminals of DC-DC converters are connected either in series or parallel *** main limitation of the series configuration in open-loop MPPT control is the crosscoupling *** of cross-coupling effects,the maximum-power-point(M-P-P)operation of shaded PV modules is lost under *** lost in M-P-P operation of shaded PV module also affects the unshaded modules M-P-P *** crosscoupling ffeets,the DC-DC converters are consuming the power instead of delivering to the *** the research activity,there are hardly any papers presenting a clear,comprehensive and mathematical analysis on the existence of cross-couplings in PV string-integrated-converters(S-1-Cs).This article presents a mathematical analysis and also explains the conditions for the existent of cross-coupling *** experimental results also validate with the mathematically analysed *** article also discusses the modeling of the two-diode model of PV module,design of boost type S-1C,and the Perturb and Observe(P&O)MPPT algorithm implementation.

关键词： Cross-coupling ffects mismatching power loss partial shading conditions(PSCs) PV-central-inverter architecture PV-D-MPPT architecture S-I-Cs series configuration

Investigation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of leaves of Dalbergia paniculata(Roxb)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第6期5卷 455-458页

作者： Ganga Rao b Madhu Kiran P Vijaya raju AD Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry A.U College of Pharmaceutical SciencesAndhra UniversityVisakhapatnamA.P.India-530 003 A.U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Andhra UniversityVisakhapatnamA.PIndia-530 003

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of orally administered methanolic leaf extract of Dalbergia paniculala(***) in Carrageenan induced inflammation in ***:In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated for superoxide radical, Hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical scavenging *** doses 200 mg/kg,400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg of *** were tested for anti-inflammatory activity in Carrageenan induced rat paw edema model and paw thickness was measured every one hour up to 6 h. Results:The melhanolic leaf extract of *** produced dose dependent inhibition of Superoxide radical,Hydroxyl radical and OPPH *** Carrageenan induced inflammation model,all three doses produced significant percentage inhibition of rat paw edema and 800 mg/kg dose produced maximum percent inhibition of rat paw edema(47.83%) at 3h compared to control ***:In the present study we found that methanolic leaf extract of *** showed good in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in rats.

关键词： Anti-inflammatory activity Antioxidant activity Dalbergia paniculata Free radicals Carragenan Inflammation Edema

3D Casson nanofluid flow over slendering surface in a suspension of gyrotactic microorganisms with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第5期39卷 623-638页

作者： V.NAGENDRAMMA C.S.K.raju b.MALLIKARJUNA S.A.SHEHZAD A.LEELARATHNAM Department of Mathematics SPMVV University Department of Mathematics GITAM University Department of Mathematics BMS College of Engineering Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

A mathematical model is proposed to execute the features of the non-uniform heat source or sink in the chemically reacting magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） Casson fluid across a slendering sheet in the presence of microorganisms and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. Multiple slips （diffusion, thermal, and momentum slips） are applied in the modeling of the heat and mass transport processes. The Runge-Kutta based shooting method is used to find the solutions. Numerical simulation is carried out for various values of the physical constraints when the Casson index parameter is positive, negative, or infinite with the aid of plots. The coefficients of the skin factors, the local Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number are estimated for different parameters, and discussed for engineering interest. It is found that the gyrotactic microorganisms are greatly encouraged when the dimensionless parameters increase, especially when the Casson fluid parameter is negative. It is worth mentioning that th~ velocity profiles when the Casson fluid parameter is positive are higher than those when the Casson fluid parameter is negative or infinite, whereas the temperature and concentration fields show exactly opposite phenomena.

关键词： microorganisms multiple slip Casson fluid Cattaneo-Christov heat flux,slendering sheet

Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of ethylbenzene over supported Ni catalysts using molecular oxygen at atmospheric pressure

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2008年第3期17卷 293-297页

作者： G.raju P.Shiva Reddy J.Ashok b.Mahipal Reddy A.Venugopal Catalysis & Physical Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Chemical Technology

We investigated the aerobic oxidation of ethylbenzene in the absence of solvent or any additive carried out over Ni on different types of supports namely SiO2, hydroxyapatite, SbA-15, and USY Zeolites. The oxidation of ethylbenzene activities was measured in a round bottom flask immersed in oil bath at known reaction temperature. The physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts were examined by bET surface area, XRD, FT-IR and the oxidation activities were correlated with the acidities of the catalysts obtained by TPD of NH3. It was observed that both hydroxyapatite and USY （13% Na2O） supported Ni catalysts displayed higher ethylbenzene conversion and 80% selectivity towards acetophenone.

关键词： nickel SbA-15 zeolites hydroxyapatite ethylbenzene oxidation TPD of NH3

Investigation of hepatoprotective activity of Cyathea gigantea(***.)leaves against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical biomedicine 2012年第5期2卷 352-356页

作者： P Madhu Kiran A Vijaya raju b Ganga Rao A.U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Andhra University

Objective:To investigate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic leaf extract of Cyathea gigantea(***)against paracetamol induced liver damage in ***:The hepatoprotective activity for plant extract was investigated for paracetamol induced hepatoxicity in *** albino rats of either sex were divided into five groups of 6 animals each and are given orally the following treatment for seven *** normal control group was given 1%*** 1mL/kg bw,*** at dose of 1g/kg bw,*** given as toxic dose for inducing ***(50mg/kg.p.o.) was given as reference *** doses of C. gigantea extract i.e.,100 mg/*** 200 mg/kg,*** tested for hepatoprotective activity. The treatment was given for seven days and after 24 h of last treatment blood was collected from retro-orbital plexus and analysed for various serum parameters like serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT),serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(SGPT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),total bilirubin(Tb)and total protein(TP)in different ***:The paracetamol intoxication lead to histological and biochemical *** treatment with methanolic leaf extract of *** reduced the elevated levels of SCOT,SGPT,ALP,Tb and also reversed the hepatic damage towards normal which further supports the hepatoprotective activity of leaf extract of ***:The methanolic extract of leaves of *** at doses of 100 mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw have significant effect on liver of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity model in rats.

关键词： Hepatoprotective Cyathea gigantea Paracetamol Silymarin Hepatotoxicity