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Atomistic study on the microscopic mechanism of grain boundary embrittlement induced by small dense helium bubbles in iron

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 84-95页

作者： Lei Peng Yong-jie Sun jing-Yi Shi Yi-Fei liu Shang-Ming Chen liu-liu Li State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China

The helium bubbles induced by 14 MeV neutron irradiation can cause intergranular fractures in reduced activation ferritic martensitic steel,which is a candidate structural material for fusion *** order to elucidate the susceptibility of different grain boundaries(Gbs)to helium-induced embrittlement,the tensile fracture processes of 10 types of Gbs with and without helium bubbles in body-centered cubic(bcc)iron at the relevant service temperature of 600 K were investigated via molecular dynamics *** results indicate that in the absence of helium bubbles,the Gbs studied here can be classified into two distinct categories:brittle Gbs and ductile *** atomic scale analysis shows that the plastic deformation of ductile Gb at high temperatures originates from complex plastic deformation mechanisms,including the bain/burgers path phase transition and deformation twinning,in which the bain path phase transition is the most dominant plastic deformation ***,the presence of helium bubbles severely inhibits the plastic deformation channels of the Gbs,resulting in a significant decrease in elongation at *** bubble-decorated Gbs,the ultimate tensile strength increases with the increase in the misorientation ***,the coherent twin boundary∑3{112}was found to maintain relatively high fracture strength and maximum failure strain under the influence of helium bubbles.

关键词： Helium bubble Grain boundary Embrittlement Reduced activation ferritic martensitic steel Molecular dynamics bain path

Mitigate noisy data for smart IoT via GAN based machine unlearning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 62-78页

作者： Zhuo MA Yilong YANG Yang liu Xinjing liu jianfeng MA School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks (ISN)

With the development of IoT applications, machine learning dramatically improves the utility of variable IoT systems such as autonomous driving. Although the pretrain-finetune framework can cope well with data heterogeneity in complex IoT scenarios, the data collected by sensors often contain unexpected noisy data, e.g., out-of-distribution(OOD) data, which leads to the reduced performance of fine-tuned models. To resolve the problem, this paper proposes Mu GAN, a method that can mitigate the side-effect of OOD data via the generative adversarial network(GAN)-based machine unlearning. Mu GAN follows a straightforward but effective idea to mitigate the performance loss caused by OOD data, i.e., “flashbacking” the model to the condition where OOD data are excluded from model training. To achieve the goal, we design an adversarial game, where a discriminator is trained to identify whether a sample belongs to the training set by observing the confidence score. Meanwhile, a generator(i.e., the target model) is updated to fool the discriminator into believing that the OOD data are not included in the training set but others do. The experimental results show that benefiting from the high unlearning rate(more than 90%) and retention rate(99%), Mu GAN succeeds in lowering the model performance degradation caused by OOD data from 5.88% to 0.8%.

关键词： machine unlearning generative adversarial network out of distribution data Internet of Thing neural network

bioactive compounds in Hericium erinaceus and their biological properties:a review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1825-1844页

作者： Yue Qiu Genglan Lin Weiming liu Fuming Zhang Robert j.Linhardt Xingli Wang Anqiang Zhang College of Food Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Zhejiang biosan biotech Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310052China Department of Chemical and biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Departments of Chemistry and Chemical biology and biomedical Engineering Biological ScienceCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

Hericium erinaceus is a nutritious edible and medicinal fungi,rich in a variety of functional active ingredients,with various physiological functions such as antioxidation,anticancer,and enhancing *** is also effective in protecting the digestive system and preventing neurodegenerative *** this review paper,we summarize the sources,structures and efficacies of the main active components in *** fruiting body,mycelium,and culture media,and update the latest research progress on their biological activities and the related molecular *** on this information,we provide detailed challenges in current research,industrialization and information on the active ingredients of *** for future studies and new applications of *** are proposed.

关键词： Hericium erinaceus bioactive compounds biological activities Antioxidation Neuroprotection Immunoregulation

Understanding pediatric surgical needs in North Korea: a modeling analysis

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World journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 47-53页

作者： Phillip j Hsu Sangchul Yoon Kee b Park University of Michigan Ann ArborMichiganUSA Department of Global Health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Medical Humanitiesand Social Sciences Yonsei University SeoulSouth Korea

background Sixty-five percent of children worldwide lack access to surgical care,the majority of whom live in low-income and middle-income countries(LMiCs).Developing surgical infrastructure requires information on surgical need;however,this information is often limited in *** Korea(Democratic People's Republic of Korea,DPRK)has a low amount of publicly available ***,we analyzed available modeled data to understand the causes of pediatric deaths due to conditions treatable with surgery in *** We used World bank data and models from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to identify causes of pediatric deaths affecting pediatric patients(agebetween DPRK and countries with similar economic *** between 1990 and 2019,the number of overall pediatric deaths has *** 2019,32.2%of allpediatric deaths in DPRK were caused by surgical *** leading categories of surgical conditions were injuries(53.9%),congenital conditions(34.2%),tumors(8.8%),and abdominal conditions(3.2%).DPRK has a lower relative rate of pediatric deaths compared with other LMICs with similar gross domestic product per ***,it has a higher relative rate of pediatric deaths due to conditions requiring treatment with *** injuries contribute significantly to the high rate of pediatric deaths in *** Although DPRK may be allocating overall resources toward pediatric healthcare more efficiently than economic peers,DPRK may benefit from improvement in pediatric surgical *** availability of data and close international collaboration could be potential solutions to bridge this gap.

关键词： pediatric surgical injuries

Off-Grid Compressed Channel Estimation with Parallel Interference Cancellation for Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO

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China Communications 2024年第3期21卷 51-65页

作者： liu jinru Tian Yongqing liu Danpu Zhang Zhilong beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Network Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and ConvergenceBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China

Millimeter wave(mmWave)massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)plays an important role in the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communications and beyond wireless communication systems owing to its potential of high ***,channel estimation has become very challenging due to the use of massive MIMO antenna ***,the mmWave channel has strong sparsity in the spatial angle domain,and the compressed sensing technology can be used to convert the original channel matrix into the sparse matrix of discrete angle *** the high-dimensional channel matrix estimation is transformed into a sparse recovery problem with greatly reduced computational ***,the path angle in the actual scene appears randomly and is unlikely to be completely located on the quantization angle grid,thus leading to the problem of power ***,multiple paths with the random distribution of angles will bring about serious interpath interference and further deteriorate the performance of channel *** address these off-grid issues,we propose a parallel interference cancellation assisted multi-grid matching pursuit(PIC-MGMP)algorithm in this *** proposed algorithm consists of three stages,including coarse estimation,refined estimation,and inter-path cyclic iterative inter-ference *** specifically,the angular resolution can be improved by locally refining the grid to reduce power leakage,while the inter-path interference is eliminated by parallel interference cancellation(PIC),and the two together improve the estimation *** results show that compared with the traditional orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)algorithm,the normalized mean square error(NMSE)of the proposed algorithm decreases by over 14db in the case of 2 paths.

关键词： channel estimation compressed sensing inter-path interference millimeter wave massive MIMO off-grid parallel interference cancellation

Modelling analysis embodies drastic transition among global potential natural vegetations in face of changing climate

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 184-192页

作者： Zhengchao Ren Lei liu Fang Yin Xiaoni liu School of Earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Research Center of Ecological Construction and Environmental Conservation in Gansu Province Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China College of Pratacultural Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China

Potential natural vegetation(PNV)is a valuable reference for ecosystem renovation and has garnered increasing attention ***,there is limited knowledge on the spatio-temporal distributions,transitional processes,and underlying mechanisms of global natural vegetation,particularly in the case of ongoing climate *** this study,we visualize the spatio-temporal pattern and inter-transition procedure of global PNV,analyse the shifting distances and directions of global PNV under the influence of climatic disturbance,and explore the mechanisms of global PNV in response to temperature and precipitation *** achieve this,we utilize meteorological data,mainly temperature and precipitation,from six phases:the Last Inter-Glacial(LIG),the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM),the Mid Holocene(MH),the Present Day(PD),2030(20212040)and 2090(2081–2100),and employ a widely-accepted comprehensive and sequential classification sy–stem(CSCS)for global PNV *** find that the spatial patterns of five PNV groups(forest,shrubland,savanna,grassland and tundra)generally align with their respective ecotopes,although their distributions have shifted due to fluctuating temperature and ***,we observe an unexpected transition between tundra and savanna despite their geographical *** shifts in distance and direction of five PNV groups are mainly driven by temperature and precipitation,although there is heterogeneity among these shifts for each ***,the heterogeneity observed among different global PNV groups suggests that they may possess varying capacities to adjust to and withstand the impacts of changing *** spatio-temporal distributions,mutual transitions and shift tendencies of global PNV and its underlying mechanism in face of changing climate,as revealed in this study,can significantly contribute to the development of strategies for mitigating warming and promoting re-vegetation in degraded regions worldwide.

关键词： Potential natural vegetation Global warming Vegetation classification Predicted model CSCS

Study of bESIII trigger efficiencies with the 2018 j/ψ data

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第2期45卷 48-55页

作者： M.Ablikim M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson S.Ahmed M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso M.R.An Q.An X.H.bai Y.bai O.bakina R.baldini Ferroli I.balossino Y.ban K.begzsuren N.berger M.bertani D.bettoni F.bianchi j.bloms A.bortone I.boyko R.A.briere H.Cai X.Cai A.Calcaterra G.F.Cao N.Cao S.A.Cetin j.F.Chang W.L.Chang G.Chelkov D.Y.Chen G.Chen H.S.Chen M.L.Chen S.j.Chen X.R.Chen Y.b.Chen Z.j Chen W.S.Cheng G.Cibinetto F.Cossio X.F.Cui H.L.Dai X.C.Dai A.Dbeyssi R.E.de boer D.Dedovich Z.Y.Deng A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori Y.Ding C.Dong j.Dong L.Y.Dong M.Y.Dong X.Dong S.X.Du Y.L.Fan j.Fang S.S.Fang Y.Fang R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici C.Q.Feng j.H.Feng M.Fritsch C.D.Fu Y.Gao Y.Gao Y.Gao Y.G.Gao I.Garzia P.T.Ge C.Geng E.M.Gersabeck A Gilman K.Goetzen L.Gong W.X.Gong W.Gradl M.Greco L.M.Gu M.H.Gu S.Gu Y.T.Gu C.Y Guan A.Q.Guo L.b.Guo R.P.Guo Y.P.Guo A.Guskov T.T.Han W.Y.Han X.Q.Hao F.A.Harris H Hüsken K.L.He F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz T.Held Y.K.Heng C.Herold M.Himmelreich T.Holtmann Y.R.Hou Z.L.Hou H.M.Hu j.F.Hu T.Hu Y.Hu G.S.Huang L.Q.Huang X.T.Huang Y.P.Huang Z.Huang T.Hussain W.Ikegami Andersson W.Imoehl M.Irshad S.jaeger S.janchiv Q.ji Q.P.ji X.b.ji X.L.ji H.b.jiang X.S.jiang j.b.jiao Z.jiao S.jin Y.jin T.johansson N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki X.S.Kang R.Kappert M.Kavatsyuk b.C.Ke I.K.Keshk A.Khoukaz P.Kiese R.Kiuchi R.Kliemt L.Koch O.b.Kolcu b.Kopf M.Kuemmel M.Kuessner A.Kupsc M.G.Kurth W.Kühn j.j.Lane j.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi Z.H.Lei H.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz C.Li C.H.Li Cheng Li D.M.Li F.Li G.Li H.Li H.Li H.b.Li H.j.Li j.L.Li j.Q.Li j.S.Li Ke Li L.K.Li Lei Li P.R.Li S.Y.Li W.D.Li W.G.Li X.H.Li X.L.Li Z.Y.Li H.Liang H.Liang H.Liang Y.F.Liang Y.T.Liang L.Z.Liao j.Libby C.X.Lin b.j.liu C.X.liu D.liu F.H.liu Fang liu Feng liu H.b.liu H.M.liu Huanhuan liu Huihui liu j.b.liu j.L.liu j.Y.liu K.liu K.Y.liu Ke liu L.liu M.H.liu P.L.liu Q.liu Q.liu S.b.liu Shuai liu T.liu W.M.liu X.liu Y.liu Y.b.liu Z.A.liu Z.Q.liu X.C.Lou F.X.Lu H.j.Lu j.D.Lu j.G.Lu X.L.Lu Y.Lu Y.P.Lu C.L.Luo M.X.Luo b P.W.Luo T.Luo X.L.Luo S Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049China beihang University Beijing 100191China beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617China bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200443China GIbudker Institute of Nuclear Physics Sb RAS(bINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA (A)INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044FrascatiItaly(B)INFN Sezione di PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly(C)University of PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly (A)INFN Sezione di Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly(B)University of FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics and Technology Peace Ave54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia jilin University Changchun 130012China johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen IIPhysikalisches InstitutHeinrich-Buff-Ring 16D-35392GiessenGermany KVI-CART University of GroningenNL-9747 AA GroningenThe Netherlands Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000China Liaoning Normal Unive

Using a dedicated data sample taken in 2018 on the j/ψpeak,we perform a detailed study of the trigger efficiencies of the bESIII *** efficiencies are determined from three representative physics processes,namely bhabha scattering,dimuon production and generic hadronic events with charged *** combined efficiency of all active triggers approaches 100%in most cases,with uncertainties small enough not to affect most physics analyses.

关键词： bESIII trigger efficiency bhabha dimuon hadronic events

Power Flow Analytical Solutions and Multi-dimensional Voltage Stability boundaries based on Multivariate Quotient-difference Method

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CSEE journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1168-1178页

作者： Chengxi liu Qiupin Lai School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center for AC/DC Intelligent Distribution Network Wuhan 430072China IEEE

This paper proposes a novel Multivariate Quotient-Difference(MQD)method to obtain the approximate analytical solution for AC power flow ***,in the online environment,the power flow solutions covering different operating conditions can be directly obtained by plugging values into multiple symbolic variables,such that the power injections and consumptions of selected buses or areas can be independently *** method first derives a power flow solution through a Multivariate Power Series(MPS).Next,the MQD method is applied to transform the obtained MPS to a Multivariate Pad´e Approximants(MPA)to expand the Radius of Convergence(ROC),so that the accuracy of the derived analytical solution can be significantly *** addition,the hypersurface of the voltage stability boundary can be identified by an analytical formula obtained from the coefficients of *** direct method for power flow solutions and voltage stability boundaries is fast for many online applications,since such analytical solutions can be derived offline and evaluated online by only plugging values into the symbolic variables according to the actual operating *** proposed method is validated in detail on New England 39-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems with independent load variations in multi-regions.

关键词： Analytical power flow solution multivariate power series multivariate Padéapproximants multivariate quotient-difference multi-dimensional voltage stability boundary

Design of efficient thermoelectric generators

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Science China Materials 2024年第1期67卷 377-378页

作者： Min liu Yanzhong Pei Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

Thermoelectricity,which enables direct conversion between heat and electricity,undergoes impressive developments in recent decades,and is particularly promising for recovering low-grade heat ofbi2Te3-based thermoelectric devices are commercialized[3].However,the scarcity of tellurium(Te)(Fig.1a)is the main *** leads to numerous recent efforts on the development of efficient nonbi2Te3 thermoelectrics as potential alternatives,and successful examples(Fig.1b)include Mg3Sb2-alloys[2,3]and MgAgSb[1,2].

关键词： enable efficient electricity