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An Investigation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular microchannel under the Influence of a magnetic Field

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Fluid Dynamics & materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 311-323页

作者： muataz S.Alhassan Ameer A.Alameri Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel I.B.Sapaev azher m.abed David-Juan Ramos-Huallpartupa Rahman S.Zabibah Division of Advanced Nanomaterial Technologies Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq Research Group in Educational Statistics National University of EducatiosnAzoguesEcuador Department Physics and Chemistry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersNational Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Akfa University TashkentUzbekistan New Uzbekistan University TashkentUzbekistan Department of Airconditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Academic Department of Agro-Industrial Engineering and Technology Universidad Nacional JoséMaría ArguedasApurimacPerú The Islamic University NajafIraq

In line with recent studies,where it has been shown that nanoﬂuids containing graphene have a stronger capacity to boost the heat transfer coefﬁcient with respect to ordinary nanoﬂuids,experiments have been conducted using water with cobalt ferrite/graphene *** particular,a circular channel made of copper subjected to a constant heatﬂux has been *** nanoparticles are sensitive to the presence of a magneticﬁeld,different conditions have been examined,allowing both the strength and the frequency of such aﬁeld to span relatively wide ranges and assuming different concentrations of *** to theﬁndings,the addition of nanoparticles to theﬂuid causes its rotation speed to increase by a factor of two,whereas ultraviolet radiation plays a negligible *** amount of time required to attain the maximum rotation speed of the nanoﬂuid and the Nusselt number have been measured under both constant and alternating magneticﬁelds for a ferroﬂuid with a concentration of 0.5%and atﬂow Reynolds number of 550 and 1750.

关键词： Nano fluid rectengular tube magnetic field

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Investigation and optimization of solar collector and geothermal pump hybrid system for cogeneration of heat and power with exergy-economic approach

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Clean Energy 2023年第3期7卷 571-581页

作者： Ghassan F.Smaisim azher m.abed Ali Shamel Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of KufaKufa54001Iraq Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Research Unit(NAmRU) Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of KufaKufa54001Iraq Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon51001Iraq Department of Chemistry Ardebil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdebilIran

To use energy systems based on renewable sources,it is very important to consider backup and hybrid sources because renewable energies are not available all the time;therefore,in this system,a geothermal pump is used to preheat the fluid,then the heated fluid is sent to the vacuum tube collector to reach a higher temperature by absorbing solar-thermal energy,and after absorbing solar energy,it goes to the evaporator to produce superheated steam and finally the superheated fluid moves to the steam turbine to produce *** the simulation,thermodynamic analysis along with economic analysis has been *** the base state,the energy efficiency and exergy of cogeneration were 0.566 and 0.156,respectively;the energy efficiency and electrical exergy were better than 0.057 and 0.065;and the overall output and immutable work values were 50 and 671.1 kW,respectively.

关键词： exergoeconomic analysis CHP cycle organic Rankine cycle vacuum tube collector sustainable development

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modelling and analysis of parameters of vacuum tube solar collector with U-shaped tube for different climates

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Clean Energy 2023年第3期7卷 519-531页

作者： Ghassan Fadhil Smaisim azher m.abed Salema K.Hadrawi Farnaz Jahanbin Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Kufa54001Iraq Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Research Unit(NAmRU) Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Kufa54001Iraq Department of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon51001Iraq Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department College of Technical EngineeringThe Islamic UniversityNajaf54001Iraq Department of Chemistry Mashhad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMashhadIran

In this study,based on the energy balance for different components of a double-layered vacuum-tube solar collector with a U-tube,the thermal performance of the collector unit is investigated separately using an analytical and quasi-dynamic *** model used in this study determines the temperature distribution in longitudinal and radial *** this research,the effects of physical parameters and heat transfer including the size of the collector,thermal-loss coefficient,absorption coefficient,mass flow and thermal resistance of the air layer under different climate conditions have been evaluated on the performance of the vacuum-tube *** results showed that by increasing the diameter of the tube with constant length,the annual thermal efficiency of the collector ***,in a fixed-diameter tube,with increasing tube length,the annual efficiency increases,but this increase is meagre for lengths of>1.5 *** optimal mass flow rate for maximum efficiency has been obtained for cities with different *** to the results,the optimal flow for different climates has different values that can be optimized as a relationship between the average solar radiation annually as a symbol of temperature and flow.

关键词： solar-thermal energy solar radiation vacuum tube dynamic simulation sustainable development

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Parametric investigation of thermal behaviour of salt-gradient solar pool for climatic conditions

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Clean Energy 2022年第5期6卷 693-704页

作者： Ghassan Fadhil Smaisim azher m.abed Salema K.Hadrawi Ali Shamel Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of KufaIraq Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Research Unit(NAmRU) Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of KufaIraq Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon51001Iraq Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department College of Technical EngineeringThe Islamic UniversityNajaf54001Iraq Computer Engineering Department Imam Reza UniversityMashhadIran Department of Chemistry Ardebil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdebilIran

The use of solar energy is highly welcomed due to its availability *** the types of solar energy technologies,the use of this type of energy to produce heat from different aspects is much more common,so in this research we have tried to examine different aspects of producing thermal energy from solar energy to supply the heat required by the *** this purpose,numerical modelling of the solar pool has been done by considering the heat-transfer characteristics and validation has been done to ensure the obtained *** this paper,according to the physical realities facing solar systems in two scenarios,an analysis with shadow and without shadow has been *** of the important results is that as the surface of the pool increases,the amount of heat absorption by the pool fluid will increase,but the effect of the shadow will decrease.

关键词： solar energy solar pool numerical modelling experimental study thermal performance

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Thermo-economic analysis of the performance of the combined system with evacuated tube collectors

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Clean Energy 2023年第2期7卷 242-252页

作者： Ghassan Fadhil Smaisim Salema K.Hadrawi azher m.abed Hasan Sh.majdi Ali Shamel Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Kufa54001Iraq Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Research Unit(NAmRU) Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Kufa54001Iraq Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department College of Technical EngineeringThe Islamic UniversityNajaf54001Iraq Computer Engineering Department Imam Reza UniversityMashhadIran Department of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon51001Iraq Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon51001Iraq Department of Chemistry Ardebil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdebilIran

Using combined cooling,heat and power systems can be an appropriate substitute for preventing emissions of pollutants and excessive consumption of fossil *** renewable energy in these systems as a source of power generation can be an appropriate substitute for fossil-fuel-based ***,in this paper,cogeneration cooling,heat and power systems based on gas-fired internal combustion engines with a solar-thermal system with evacuated tube collectors have been modelled and thermo-economic analysis has been done to compare fossil-fuel-based *** required rate of heat to supply the hot water is 50 *** the studied system,the internal combustion engine produces electrical ***,the solar-thermal system with evacuated tube collectors and the gas-burning generator provide the thermal energy required by the studied building and the primary stimulus of the absorption chiller for *** this study,two different scenarios are conducted in states considering simultaneous production systems and regardless of this environmental and thermo-economic analysis *** results showed that the efficiency of the studied system was 60% in summer and 56% in winter.

关键词： combined cooling,heat and power thermo-economic analysis evacuated tube collectors environmental analysis solar-thermal energy

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modelling and optimization of combined heat and power system in microgrid based on renewable energy

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 735-746页

作者： Ghassan F.Smaisim azher m.abed Salema K.Hadrawi Hasan Sh.majdi Ali Shamel Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Kufa54001Iraq Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Research Unit(NAmRU) Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Kufa54001Iraq Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon51001Iraq Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Technical Engineering Department College of Technical EngineeringThe Islamic UniversityNajafIraq Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon 51001Iraq Department of Chemistry Ardebil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdebilIran

Due to the short distance between the sources of production and consumption,microgrids(mGs)have received considerable attention because these systems involve fewer losses and waste less *** another advantage of mGs is that renewable energy sources can be widely used because these resources are not fully available and can provide a part of the required *** purpose of this research is to model the mG considering the production sources of microturbines,gas turbines and internal combustion *** energies such as wind turbines(WTs)and photovoltaic(PV)cells have been used to provide part of the required power and,because of the lack of access to renewable energy sources at all times,energy reserves such as batteries and fuel cells(FCs)have been *** power of the microturbine,gas turbine,internal combustion engine,FC and battery in this system is 162,150,90,100 and 225 kW,*** modelling the studied system,optimization was done using the imperialist competitive algorithm to minimize production costs and provide maximum thermal and electrical *** maximum production power for PVs is equal to 0.6860 mWh and at this time this value for WTs is equal to 0.3812 mWh,in which case the excess electricity produced will be sold to the grid.

关键词： microgrid energy management system optimization optimal power flow combined heat and power sustainable development

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Improving the transition capability of the low-voltage wind turbine in the sub-synchronous state using a fuzzy controller

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Clean Energy 2022年第4期6卷 682-692页

作者： Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra Abduladheem Turki Jalil azher mabed Bashar SBashar Ahmed Kateb Jumaah Al-Nussairi Ali Thaeer Hammid Ali Shamel Khusniddin Fakhriddinovich Uktamov Faculty of Engineering Udayana UniversityBaliIndonesia80361 Faculty of Biology and Ecology Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno230023 GrodnoBelarus College of Technical Engineering The Islamic UniversityNajafIraq Department of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq Al-Nisour University College BaghdadIraq Al-manara College for medical Sciences MaysanIraq Computer Engineering Techniques Faculty of Information TechnologyImam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq UniversityBaghdadIraq Department of Chemistry Ardebil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdebilIran ‘Economic Security’Department Tashkent State University of EconomicsTashkent CityUzbekistan

The main problem of wind turbines is associated with induction generators in their power supply during short circuits in the *** this research,a new method is presented for the uninterrupted operation of a wind turbine equipped with an induction generator fed on both sides of feeding during network *** farms equipped with a doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)require two abilities to allow system operators to increase *** capabilities include fault ride-through and synchronization of output force fluctuations,especially when these generators generate significant electrical power.A mATLAB®software environment has been used to evaluate and improve the performance of these turbines.A fuzzy complement(FC)controller is used to improve the performance of the *** results demonstrate that this controller limits the operation of the turbine current and voltage in the short-circuit mode *** results obtained from comparing two different modes,it can be said that ripple is 4%in the FC mode,while this parameter is equal to 10%for the proportional-integral controller.

关键词： wind turbine sub-synchronous performance fuzzy controller mATLAB

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Suboptimal Temperature Acclimation Enhances Chilling Tolerance by Improving Photosynthetic Adaptability and Osmoregulation Ability in Watermelon

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2020年第1期6卷 49-60页

作者： Junyang Lu muhammad azher Nawaz Nannan Wei Fei Cheng Zhilong Bie Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Department of Horticulture University College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan

The temperature drop of plants from the optimal requirements can increase tolerance to severe chilling stress. Photosynthesis and osmoregulators were analyzed during chilling stress to explore the adaptation mechanisms that underlie the induction of chilling tolerance in response to suboptimal temperature. The relationships of these processes to suboptimal temperature acclimation in watermelon were then *** temperature-acclimated watermelon plants demonstrated tolerance during chilling stress, as indicated by the decreased electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde accumulation compared with those non-acclimated watermelon plants. Chilling-induced photoinhibition and reduction in CO2 assimilation rate were alleviated after suboptimal temperature acclimation. The xanthophyll cycle level was enhanced by improving thermal dissipation ability and avoiding light damage. Consequently, the chilling tolerance of suboptimal temperature-acclimated watermelon plants was enhanced. The osmoregulation ability induced by suboptimal temperature acclimation protected watermelon plants against chilling injury because of the accumulation of small molecular substances, such as soluble sugar and proline. The protein levels of Rubisco activase(ClRCA) and the gene expression of the Benson–Calvin cycle simultaneously increased in suboptimal temperature-acclimated watermelon plants during chilling stress. Chilling tolerance in watermelon plants induced by suboptimal temperature acclimation is associated with enhanced photosynthetic adaptability and osmoregulation ability.

关键词： Citrullus lanatus Chilling stress Acclimation Photosynthesis Osmoregulation ClRCA

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Low-velocity simultaneous bilateral femoral neck fracture following long-term antiepileptic therapy:A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第10期10卷 371-377页

作者： mohammed Sadiq Vikrant Kulkarni Syed azher Hussain mohammed Ismail mayur Nayak Department of Orthopaedics ESIC Medical College

BACKGROUND Simultaneous bilateral femoral neck fractures are relatively rare *** are usually associated with underlying metabolic bone disorders or systemic ***-term use of narcotics and bisphosphonates can also result in similar fracture patterns;however,association of this fracture type with longterm use of antiepileptic drugs is not very *** one such case has been reported in the *** article describes the *** REPORT We report a case of simultaneous displaced bilateral femoral neck fractures in a 50-year-old epileptic patient,who had taken phenytoin for the past 3 *** fractures were a result of low-velocity injury following a fall from the *** fractures were managed with a bilateral hemi-replacement *** bisphosphonates were given to improve the bone quality in the post-operative *** patient had a good post-operative outcome,that was sustained throughout the entire follow-up period of 1 *** Antiepileptic drugs should be supplemented with bisphosphonates and vitamin D to improve bone quality and prevent fractures in epileptic patients.

关键词： Case report Bilateral femoral neck fracture Antiepileptic drug therapy Druginduced osteopenia Bisphosphonates Vitamin D

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新型杀虫剂和三种重金属对白符跳虫的单一及联合毒性

新型杀虫剂和三种重金属对白符跳虫的单一及联合毒性

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作者： FAHEEm azher 华中农业大学

学位级别：硕士

杀虫剂广泛用于农业害虫的防治。杀虫剂的使用也会对土壤中动物群类造成影响。跳虫(弹尾目)是土壤生态系统中的重要指示生物,其对很多杀虫剂非常敏感。在自然情况下,很难在土壤样品中找到单一的化学物质,化学物质往往混合在一起。重金... 详细信息

杀虫剂广泛用于农业害虫的防治。杀虫剂的使用也会对土壤中动物群类造成影响。跳虫(弹尾目)是土壤生态系统中的重要指示生物,其对很多杀虫剂非常敏感。在自然情况下,很难在土壤样品中找到单一的化学物质,化学物质往往混合在一起。重金属是广泛长期残留在土壤的的无机污染物。土壤中重金属等多种化合物的混杂或许会对杀虫剂的土壤生物毒性有影响,因此,对单一杀虫剂的风险评估或许会低估杀虫剂在土壤中的实际毒效。基于杀虫剂、重金属以及混合物毒性作用风险的评估。在本研究中,我们选取了在中国农业土壤广泛分布的一种跳虫Folsomia candida willem,来评估新型杀虫剂和重金属的单一毒性和二元混合毒性。(1)测定了六种杀虫剂(甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、乙基多杀菌素、茚虫威、氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟苯虫酰胺和溴氰虫酰胺)对***的单一毒性(测定了三个指标:14 d急性毒力、28 d繁殖率影响和驱避性)。结果表明:甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对跳虫的14 d急性毒性最高,LC5。值是36.09 mg/kg;氯虫苯甲酰胺和溴氰虫酰胺的14 d LC50值分别为40.41 mg/kg和54.15 mg/kg;氟苯虫酰胺、乙基多杀菌素和茚虫威毒性较低(14 d的LC5。值=208.09-705.20 mg/kg)。在杀虫剂对跳虫28 d繁殖率的慢性影响实验中,茚虫威毒性最低(EC5。= 227 mg/kg),乙基多杀菌素和溴氰虫酰胺对跳虫幼虫的毒性(EC5。=0.12mg/kg和0.48 mg/kg)要高于甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、氟苯虫酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺(EC50 = 3.00-6.50 mg/kg)。(2)基于前期研究结果和其他研究报道,本论文选取了具有较高毒性的三种杀虫剂(吡虫啉、噻虫啉、溴氰虫酰胺)和三种重金属(镉、镍、锌)来开展联合毒性研究。急性毒性实验结果表明:噻虫啉、吡虫啉和溴氰虫酰胺对跳虫的毒性(1C50为1.68 mg/kg、3.7 mg/kg和31.55 mg/kg斤)极显著地高于重金属镉、锌和镍(LC50为28661 mg/kg、1582 mg/kg和85466 mg/kg)。杀虫剂和重金属的二元联合毒性结果令人吃惊。通过计算共毒系数(CTC)发现大部分的二元组合处理表现出增效作用,CTC值超过120,其中有两组具有极其高的增效效应(镍+氰虫酰胺以及镉+氰虫酰胺;CTC = 1629.31和3987.65)。本文二元联合毒性实验结果表明,杀虫剂和重金属之间可能存在共同污染物的潜在风险。然而,需要在室内和田间开展更多的联合毒性研究,来进一步验证和阐明本文中发现的这些联合增效特性。本论文的研究结果将有助于更好地理解新型杀虫剂及其与重金属混合物的生态毒理反应。该研究有助于开拓新的研究思路,即可以采用生物指示剂来检测在不同类型的污染和非污染土壤中杀虫剂的毒理反应。

关键词：联合毒性 Folsomia candida 杀虫剂重金属急性毒性慢性毒性繁殖率

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