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Evaluating role of bone marrow-derived stem cells in dry age-related macular degeneration using multifocal electroretinogram and fundus autofluorescence imaging

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第10期10卷 1552-1558页

作者： atul Kumar Neha Midha Sujata Mohanty Annu Chohan Tulika Seth Varun Gogia Shikha gupta Dr.Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences Stem Cell Facility All India Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Hematology All India Institute of Medical Sciences

AIM：To evaluate the role of bone marrow-derived stem cells in the treatment of advanced dry age-related macular degeneration（AMD）using multifocal electroretinogram（mf-ERG）and fundus autofluorescence imaging.METHODS：Thirty patients（60 eyes）with bilateral central geographic atrophy（GA）were recruited.Worse eye of each patient received autologous bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells（BM-HSCs）（group 1）and the fellow eye with better visual acuity served as control（group2）.The effect of stem cell therapy was determined in terms of visual acuity,amplitude and implicit time in mf-ERG and size of GA on fundus autofluorescence imaging.These tests were performed at presentation and first,third and sixth month follow up.Adverse events（if any）were also monitored.RESULTS：At 6mo follow-up there was no statistically significant improvement in median log MAR best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）in either group.Mf-ERG revealed significant improvement in amplitude and implicit time in the intervention group.A significant decrease was also noted in greatest linear dimension（GLD）of GA in the eyes receiving stem cells[6.78±2.60 mm at baseline to 6.56±2.59 mm at 6mo（P=0.021）].However,no such improvement was noted in the control group.CONCLUSION：Electrophysiological and anatomical improvement in the intervention group sheds light on the therapeutic role of BM-HSCs.Further studies are required to determine the stage of disease at which the maximal benefit can be achieved and to standardize the dose andfrequency of stem cell injection.

关键词： dry age-related macular degeneration multifocal electroretinogram stem cells fimdus autofluorescence imaging

GC/MS-based differential metabolic profiling of human peptic ulcer disease to study Helicobacter pylori-induced metabolic perturbations

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BIOCELL 2021年第5期45卷 1299-1311页

作者： GAGANJOT gupta DEEPAK BANSAL ANSHULA SHARMA TAWSEEF AHMAD atul SACHDEV AJAZ AHMAD HAMED A.EL-SEREHY BALJINDER KAUR Department of Biotechnology Punjabi UniversityPatiala147002India Department of General Medicine Government Medical College and HospitalChandigarh160047India Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Helicobacter pylori infection has been significantly linked to Peptic Ulcer Disease and Gastric Cancer.Metabolomic fingerprinting may offer a principal way of early diagnosis and to understand the molecular mechanism of H.pylori-induced pathogenicity.The rationale of the study is to explore the underlying distinct metabolic mechanisms of H.pylori-induced PUD and to identify potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and associated risks using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.GC/MS-based analytical method was used to compare metabolic profiles of healthy controls(N=20)and peptic ulcer patients(N=45).Acquired metabolomic data were analyzed by constructing a diagnostic model using principal component analysis and a non-parametric two-tailed paired Wilcoxon analysis to identify disease-specific metabolic biomarkers.A total of 75 low-molecular-weight endogenous metabolites were detected during comparative metabolomic analysis of PUD vs.healthy gut tissues,among which 16 metabolites are being proposed to be diagnostic markers of Human PUD.Perturbations related to amino acids,carbohydrates,fatty acids,organic acids,and sterol metabolism were significantly revealed during this differential metabolomic profiling.Results convincingly suggest that metabolic profiles can contribute immensely in early diagnosis of the disease and understanding molecular mechanisms of disease progression for predicting novel drug targets for prophylactic and anaphylactic measures.

关键词： Peptic ulcer disease Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori Metabolic profiling Perturbations Stomach ulcers

First contact investigations and compliance to treatment in patients with uveitis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第11期16卷 1820-1826页

作者： Anuja Patil Sanjeev gupta Pradeep Venkatesh Mousumi Banerjee Vinod Kumar Rohan Chawla Shorya Vardhan Azad atul Kumar Dr.Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India

AIM:To ascertain the pattern of investigations at first contact in uveitic patients and evaluate compliance to treatment.METHODS:An observational study comprised of 201 uveitic patients presenting for the first time to our centre from January 2019 to June 2020.Detailed information regarding systemic investigations undertaken by specialists at the time of first contact and the cost of these investigations were reviewed on the first visit to our centre.Compliance with the treatment was determined and reasons behind non-compliance were evaluated on the first follow-up in patients who had no improvement in clinical signs and symptoms.RESULTS:The mean age of the study group was 35.35±14.1y and gender composition was 59.7%males and 40.3%females.Anterior uveitis was observed in 45.3%of patients,intermediate uveitis in 31.8%of patients,posterior uveitis in 14.9%of patients and panuveitis in 8.0%of patients.Association with a systemic disease was evident in 17.9%of patients.When compared with standard guidelines and uveitis patterns,systemic investigations were identified to be relevant only in 38.3%of patients.Non-compliance to treatment was documented in 22.4%of patients.Common reasons for non-compliance were inadequate counselling by the treating physician about treatment in 26.7%of patients and a busy schedule at work/school in 22.2%of patients.CONCLUSION:Significant number of investigations performed at first contact is found to be contrary to standard guidelines and are not contributory to the care.About a quarter of patients in this study are found to be non-compliant with the treatment.Compliance is more challenging to achieve in school-going children and working adults.The availability of comprehensive,periodically updated,evidence-based guidelines on the role of investigations and the use of trained counsellors may help to channelize proper evaluation and improve compliance to treatment,respectively,in patients with uveitis.

关键词： uveitis compliance investigations first contact

The impact of northern Indian Ocean rivers on the Bay of Bengal using NEMO global ocean model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第3期39卷 45-55页

作者： atul Srivastava Anitha Gera Imran MMomin Ashis Kumar Mitra Ankur gupta National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting Noida 201309India Jaypee University Anoopshahr Bulandshahr 203309India

The effect of river runoff over the northern Indian Ocean(NIO) especially over the Bay of Bengal(Bo B) has been studied using global Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean(NEMO). Two sensitivity experiments, with and without river runoff are conducted and the influence of river runoff on the Indian Ocean hydrography,stratification and circulation features are studied. It is found that due to river runoff surface salinity over the northern Bo B decreases by more than 5 and the East India Coastal Current strengthens by 2 cm/s during post monsoon season. The fresh river water reaches up to 15°N in the Bo B and is the main cause for low salinity there.Sea surface temperature in the northwestern Bo B increases by more than 0.2℃ due to the river runoff in summer monsoon while surface cooling upto 0.2℃ is seen in north-west part of Bo B in winter season. The seasonal mixed layer depth in the region is found to be dependent on river runoff. The effect of vertical shear and Brunt Vaisala frequency on stratification is also examined. The ocean water becomes highly stratified up to 3 035 m due to the river runoff. It is found that the energy required for mixing is high in the northern and coastal Bo B.

关键词： Bay of Bengal sea surface temperature salinity mixed layer depth stratification

The investigation of medical and psychosocial problems of geriatric population in the urban area of Madhya Pradesh in India

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2012年第3期2卷 170-175页

作者： Sanjay Kumar gupta atul Varshney Sharad Chandra Tiwari Mohan Shinde Department of Community Medicine Peoples College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre Bhopal India

Globally, there are an estimated 605 million people aged 60 years and above. Improvements in health care facilities have brought longevity, which is considered to be one of the greatest achievements of the 20th century. Objectives: To assess the morbidity pattern in geriatric people. Methodology: A community based cross sectional study. Results: Out of 208 aged 91 (43.7%) were males, 117 (56.25%) were females. Maximum number of males and females were from the age group 60 - 64 years. 117 (56.25%) had chronic problems and 15 (7.2%) acute. Musculo skeleton problem was the commonest (63%) complaint both in males and females, followed by cardio vascular problem (44%). Diabetes mellitus was more common in males than females and hypertension was more common in females than males. Chronic bronchitis was the commonest respiratory disorder in males (8.7%). Total 20 (9.6%) had psychological problems (depression), psychological problems more common in males 11 (12%) than females 9 (7.7%) Conclusion: The present study showed that chronic morbidity in elderly was significantly higher (56.3%) than acute (7.2%), most commonly affected system by chronic morbidity was musculo-skeletal followed by cardio vascular (CVS) and gastrointestinal (GIT). Psychological problems were more common in males (12%) than in females (7.7%). Psychological problems were more in lower socio-economic class-(V) than higher Class [1].

关键词： Geriatric Morbidity Psychosocial Urban

Resistance to second generation antiandrogens in prostate cancer: pathways and mechanisms

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第4期3卷 742-761页

作者： Shiv Verma Kumari Sunita Prajapati Prem Prakash Kushwaha Mohd Shuaib atul Kumar Singh Shashank Kumar Sanjay gupta Department of Urology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA The Urology Institute University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandOH 44106USA School of Basic and Applied Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Microbial SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathinda 151001India Department of Nutrition Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Divison of General Medical Sciences Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Urology Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical CenterClevelandOH 44106USA

Androgen deprivation therapy targeting the androgens/androgen receptor(AR)signaling continues to be the mainstay treatment of advanced-stage prostate cancer.The use of second-generation antiandrogens,such as abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide,has improved the survival of prostate cancer patients;however,a majority of these patients progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC).The mechanisms of resistance to antiandrogen treatments are complex,including specific mutations,alternative splicing,and amplification of oncogenic proteins resulting in dysregulation of various signaling pathways.In this review,we focus on the major mechanisms of acquired resistance to second generation antiandrogens,including AR-dependent and AR-independent resistance mechanisms as well as other resistance mechanisms leading to CRPC emergence.Evolving knowledge of resistance mechanisms to AR targeted treatments will lead to additional research on designing more effective therapies for advanced-stage prostate cancer.

关键词： Prostate cancer second-generation antiandrogens androgen receptor castration resistance prostate cancer

Prediabetes in children and adolescents:A ticking bomb!

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 11-15页

作者： Anju gupta Nitin Choudhary Nishkarsh gupta Department of Anesthesiology Pain Medicine and Critical CareAll India Institute of Medical ScienceNew Delhi 110076India Department of Onco-Anesthesiology and Palliative Medicine All India Institute of Medical ScienceNew Delhi 110029India

Prediabetes in children and adolescents is on the rise which has drawn significant attention over the past decade.It is an early warning sign of the underlying pathophysiological changes which in due course of time might compound into type II diabetes mellitus.The incidence of prediabetes in adolescents ranges from 4%-23%which is alarmingly high and requires active intervention from the system.We have discussed early identification of high-risk patients,prompt screening and active intervention to manage this growing problem.

关键词： Prediabetes Children Adolescents Glucose metabolism Complications

Gallbladder perforation:A single-center experience in north India and a step-up approach for management

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第2期21卷 168-174页

作者： Vivek gupta Abhijit Chandra Vishal gupta Ravi Patel Amit Dangi Ajay Pai Department of Surgical Gastroenterology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh 226003India

Background: Spontaneous gallbladder perforation(GBP) is an uncommon diagnosis. This study presented the experience of managing spontaneous GBP over nine years at a large, tertiary care university hospital in north India and investigated the outcomes and treatment strategies. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively maintained digital database of consecutive patients was performed. All patients received medical and/or surgical treatment for spontaneous GBP in our department between January 2010 and June 2018. Results: We identifed 151 patients(81 females and 70 males) with mean age of 53 years. Most common presenting features were pain(96.7%), fever(54.3%) and jaundice(31.1%). Most common cause was gallbladder stones(84.8%) followed by common bile duct stones(30.5%), xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis(17.9%) and malignancy(11.9%). As per Niemeier classifcation, 8.6% had type 1 GBP(free perforation in peritoneal cavity), 76.2% had type 2 GBP(localized perforation) and 13.2% had type 3 GBP(cholecystoenteric fstula). About 60% of the perforations were diagnosed preoperatively. Type 1 was more common in patients with diabetes and also had the worst prognosis. Surgery was performed in 109 patients(72.2%). Seven patients(4.6%) had a postoperative morbidity of Clavien-Dindo Ⅲ or higher. There were three mortalities in patients who underwent surgery. Conclusions: High index of suspicion is required for preoperative diagnosis of GBP, especially in types 2 and 3. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be difficult in these patients and patients may require open or partial cholecystectomy. Early diagnosis and step-up approach for the treatment of GBP is critical.

关键词： Acute calculus cholecystitis Cholecystectomy Cholecysto-enteric fstula Niemeier classifcation

Hybrid Image Compression-Encryption Scheme Based on Multilayer Stacked Autoencoder and Logistic Map

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China Communications 2022年第1期19卷 238-252页

作者： Neetu gupta Ritu Vijay Computer Science&Engineering Department Banasthali VidyapithBanasthaliIndia Department of Electronics Engineering Banasthali VidyapithBanasthaliIndia.

Secure transmission of images over a communication channel, with limited data transfer capacity, possesses compression and encryption schemes. A deep learning based hybrid image compression-encryption scheme is proposed by combining stacked auto-encoder with the logistic map. The proposed structure of stacked autoencoder has seven multiple layers, and back propagation algorithm is intended to extend vector portrayal of information into lower vector space. The randomly generated key is used to set initial conditions and control parameters of logistic map. Subsequently, compressed image is encrypted by substituting and scrambling of pixel sequences using key stream sequences generated from logistic map.The proposed algorithms are experimentally tested over five standard grayscale images. Compression and encryption efficiency of proposed algorithms are evaluated and analyzed based on peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR), mean square error(MSE), structural similarity index metrics(SSIM) and statistical,differential, entropy analysis respectively. Simulation results show that proposed algorithms provide high quality reconstructed images with excellent levels of security during transmission..

关键词： compression-encryption stacked autoencoder chaotic system back propagation algorithm logistic map