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Integrated CO_(2)capture and reduction catalysis:Role ofγ-Al_(2)O_(3)support,unique state of potassium and synergy with copper

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 113-122页

作者： Donato Pinto Stefano Minorello Zhouping Zhou atsushi Urakawa Catalysis Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyDelft2629HZNetherlands

Carbon dioxide capture and reduction(CCR)process emerges as an efficient catalytic strategy for CO_(2)capture and conversion to valuable chemicals.K-promoted Cu/Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts exhibited promising CO_(2)capture efficiency and highly selective conversion to syngas(CO+H_(2)).The dynamic nature of the Cu-K system at reaction conditions complicates the identification of the catalytically active phase and surface *** present work aims at more precise understanding of the roles of the potassium and copper and the contribution of the metal oxide ***γ-Al_(2)O_(3)guarantees high dispersion and destabilisation of the potassium phase,potassium and copper act synergistically to remove CO_(2)from diluted streams and promote fast regeneration of the active phase for CO_(2)capture releasing CO while passing H_(2).A temperature of 350℃is found necessary to activate H_(2)dissociation and generate the active sites for CO_(2)*** effects of synthesis parameters on the CCR activity are also described by combination of ex-situ characterisation of the materials and catalytic testing.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Carbon capture and utilisation CO_(2)capture and reduction Solid CO_(2)sorbents Heterogeneous catalysis Potassium Copper catalysts Aluminium oxide

The mechanism of block form diversification in urban morphological transformation:Case study of grid blocks in Beijing,China

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第4期13卷 928-943页

作者： Jiankun Liu atsushi Deguchi School of Architecture Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Graduate School of Frontier Science The University of TokyoChiba 277-0882Japan

Beijing is a typical traditional city in China,originating from the uniform and conventional grid plan,but transformed diversely,either on purpose or *** research took the diversification process of grid blocks as an angle to understand the transformation process of Beijing’s urban *** took 194 grid blocks within the 3rd Ring Road of Beijing as research ***,the paper proposed a whole view of Beijing’s grid blocks by 1)visualizing their construction process,2)classifying 5 morphological clusters by 7 indicators(Block size,Block shape regularity,Intensity,Coverage,Network density,Plot shape regularity,Standard deviation of plot size),and 3)investigating their ***,the diversification process of grid blocks was clarified from two layers:the block-boundary layer and the inner-space ***,the mechanism of block form diversification was clarified by exploring the connections between elements in each layer,and the influence of urban development on block form *** study re-defined the diversification process in a more quantitative way from both time and spatial *** concluded that the diversification is influenced by changes in urban planning principles and locations,and emerged thorough the long-term transformation and *** interaction between the boundary and the inner space stimulates the *** based on these,it concluded with a discussion of limitations and potentials on grid blocks’construction and renovation.

关键词： Grid block Urban morphology Diversification Morphological quantification

Evaluating mechanism of banana pseudo-stem retting using seawater:A cost-effective surface pre-treatment approach

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 322-335页

作者： Prince Hotor Ahmed H.Hassanin Osbert Akatwijuka Mohamed A.H.Gepreel mitsuo Yamamoto Yukie Saito Ahmed Abdel-Mawgood Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Biotechnology ProgramAlexandria GovernorateNew Borg Al Arab 21934Egypt Alexandria University Department of Textile EngineeringAlexandria GovernorateBab Sharqi 5424041Egypt Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Material Science and EngineeringAlexandria GovernorateNew Borg Al Arab 21934Egypt Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoBunkyo-KuTokyo 113-8657Japan

Retting has been employed to extract natural fibers from agricultural wastes as a biological and cost-effective approach for *** its global abundance,banana pseudo-stem is a promising agro-waste for lignocellulosic fiber *** this study,fibers were extracted from the pseudo-stems after being pre-treated under four conditions using seawater at room temperature for up to 35 d Bacterial isolation from the fresh seawater sample and screening for ligninolytic ability were *** load as well as laccase and manganese peroxidase enzyme activity profile assay during the retting duration were *** transform infrared(FT-IR)and X-day diffraction(XRD)analyses were also examined for both pre-treated and untreated extracted *** results shows that six out of the eight bacterial isolates had the ability to degrade *** treatments(Raw stem+Raw seawater)and(Autoclaved stem+Raw seawater)recorded the highest viable bacterial load of 9.24×102 and 4.46×102 CFU,respectively,on the 14th day of the retting ***,the highest laccase and manganese peroxidase enzymes activity was recorded for(Raw stem+Raw seawater)and(Autoclaved stem+Raw seawater)treatments in the second to the third *** FT-IR spectra of the pre-treated fibers revealed relative reductions in peaks attributed to polysaccharides and other amorphous substances for all retting *** XRD diffractogram revealed that the crystallinity index(CI)of pre-treated fibers increased in all seawater retting treatment ***,the CI for fibers pre-treated under enzymatic conditions were enhanced even after five *** analysis for selected bacterial isolates showed homology to sequences of Bacillus velezensis,Shewanella sp.L8–5,and Citrobacter amalonaticus and Bacillus subtilis j8 *** these findings,it was suggested that physical,biological,and chemical actions were collectively involved in the seawater retting process of banana ps

关键词： Seawater retting Banana pseudo-stem Natural fiber Enzyme activity Colony forming unit

Does There Exist the Applicability Limit of PDE to Describe Physical Phenomena?—A Personal Survey of Quantization, QED, Turbulence

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World Journal of Mechanics 2024年第6期14卷 97-142页

作者： atsushi Inoue Department of Mathematics Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

What does it mean to study PDE (Partial Differential Equation)? How and what to do “to claim proudly that I’m studying a certain PDE”? Newton mechanic uses mainly ODE (Ordinary Differential Equation) and describes nicely movements of Sun, Moon and Earth etc. Now, so-called quantum phenomenum is described by, say Schrödinger equation, PDE which explains both wave and particle characters after quantization of ODE. The coupled Maxwell-Dirac equation is also “quantized” and QED (Quantum Electro-Dynamics) theory is invented by physicists. Though it is said this QED gives very good coincidence between theoretical1 and experimental observed quantities, but what is the equation corresponding to QED? Or, is it possible to describe QED by “equation” in naive sense?

关键词： Superspace Grassmann Variables Hamilton-Jacobi Equation Quantization

Propensity score matching analysis for clinical impact of braided-type versus laser-cut-type covered self-expandable metal stents for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 181-185页

作者： Mitsuki Tomita Takeshi Ogura Akitoshi Hakoda Saori Ueno atsushi Okuda Nobu Nishioka Yoshitaro Yamamoto Hiroki Nishikawa 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityOsakaJapan Endoscopy Center Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityOsakaJapan

Background:To prevent stent migration during endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy(EUS-HGS),intra-scope channel release technique is important,but is unfamiliar to non-expert *** self-expandable metal stent(SEMS)is an additional factor to prevent stent ***,no compara-tive studies of laser-cut-type and braided-type during EUS-HGS have been *** aim of this study was to compare the distance between the intrahepatic bile duct and stomach wall after EUS-HGS among laser-cut-type and braided-type ***:To evaluate stent anchoring function,we measured the distance between the hepatic parenchyma and stomach wall before EUS-HGS,one day after EUS-HGS,and 7 days after ***,propensity score matching was performed to create a propensity score for using laser-cut-type group and braided-type ***:A total of 142 patients were enrolled in this *** them,24 patients underwent EUS-HGS using a laser-cut-type SEMS,and 118 patients underwent EUS-HGS using a braided-type ***-HGS using the laser-cut-type SEMS was mainly performed by non-expert endoscopists(n=21);EUS-HGS using braided-type SEMS was mainly performed by expert endoscopists(n=98).The distance after 1 day was significantly shorter in the laser-cut-type group than that in the braided-type group[2.00(1.70-3.75)vs.6.90(3.72-11.70)mm,P<0.001].In addition,this distance remained significantly shorter in the laser-cut-type group after 7 *** these results were similar after propensity score matching analysis,the distance between hepatic parenchyma and stomach after 7 days was increased by 4 mm compared with the distance after 1 day in the braided-type *** the other hand,in the laser-cut-type group,the distance after 1 day and 7 days was almost the ***:EUS-HGS using a laser-cut-type SEMS may be safe to prevent stent migration,even in non-expert hands.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Evaluation of mitral chordae tendineae length using four-dimensional computed

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第5期16卷 274-281页

作者： Takuya Mori Satoshi Matsushita Terumasa Morita Abulaiti Abudurezake Junji Mochizuki atsushi Amano Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Juntendo University Faculty of MedicineTokyo 113-8421Japan Department of Cardiovascular Surgery JACCT Japan Animal Cardiovascular Care TeamOsaka 533-0033Japan Department of Radiology Minamino Cardiovascular HospitalTokyo 192-0918Japan

BACKGROUND Mitral valvuloplasty using artificial chordae tendineae represents an effective surgical approach for treating mitral *** precise measurements of artificial chordae tendineae length(CL)is an important factor in the procedure;however,no objective index currently exists to facilitate this ***,preoperative assessment of CL is critical for surgical planning and ***-dimensional x-ray micro-computed tomography(4D-CT)may be useful for accurate CL measurement considering that it allows for dynamic three-dimensional(3D)evaluation compared to that with transthoracic echocardiography,a conventional inspection *** To investigate the behavior and length of mitral chordae tendineae during systole using *** Eleven adults aged>70 years without mitral valve disease were evaluated.A 64-slice CT scanner was used to capture 20 phases in the cardiac cycle in electrocardiographic *** length of the primary chordae tendineae was measured from early systole to early diastole using the 3D *** primary chordae tendineae originating from the anterior papillary muscle and attached to the A1-2 region and those from the posterior papillary muscle and attached to the A2-3 region were designated as cA and cP,*** behavior and maximum lengths[cA(ma),cP(max)]were compared,and the correlation with body surface area(BSA)was *** In all cases,the mitral anterior leaflet chordae tendineae could be *** most cases,the cA and cP chordae tendineae could be measured *** mean cA(max)and cP(max)were 20.2 mm±1.95 mm and 23.5 mm±4.06 mm,***(max)was significantly *** correlation coefficients(r)with BSA were 0.60 and 0.78 for cA(max)and cP(max),*** cA and cP exhibited constant variation in CL during systole,with a maximum 1.16-fold increase in cA and a 1.23-fold increase in cP from early to *** cP,CL reached a plateau at 15%and remaine

关键词： Mitral valve Chordae tendineae Computed tomography Four-dimensional Cardiac cycle

A comparison of the efficacy of dutasteride on reducing lower urinary tract symptoms among patients with small versus large benign prostatic hyperplasia

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Current Urology 2024年第3期18卷 199-202页

作者： Kazuyoshi Shigehara Yuki Kato Shohei Kawaguchi Kouji Izumi Yoshifumi Kadono atsushi Mizokami Department of Urology Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical ScienceKanazawaIshikawaJapan

Background Only a few reports have currently studied the efficacy of dutasteride in patients with small benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).We investigated the efficacy of dutasteride on reducing lower urinary tract symptoms among *** and methods A total of 81 patients with BPH who completed 52weeks of 0.5?mg dutasteride treatment were *** patient filled out the International Prostatic Symptom Score(IPSS)and overactive bladder symptom score(OABSS)at baseline and at the 6-and 12-month follow-up *** testosterone,prostate-specific antigen,adenoma/prostate volume(PV),uroflowmetry analysis,and postvoid residual volume were evaluated at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up *** enrolled patients were divided into 2 groups according to PV at *** groups were as follows:Group A(PV≥30 mL)and Group B(PV<30 mL).Results Groups A and B had mean PVs of 52.1 and 23.6 mL and mean IPSS scores of 16.7 and 14.4,*** A had significantly higher OABSS and prostate-specific antigen levels at baseline than Group B,while no significant differences in any other baseline characteristics was *** dutasteride treatment,adenoma volume and PV decreased significantly,while testosterone level showed a significant increase in both *** A showed significant improvements in the total IPSS,voiding and storage subscore of the IPSS,OABSS,maximum flow rate,and postvoid residual *** B,on the other hand,also showed significant improvements only in the total IPSS,voiding subscore of the IPSS,and maximum flow *** The present study suggests a possible beneficial effect of dutasteride treatment on the reduction of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with small and large ***,the effectiveness of dutasteride was limited compared to patients with large BPH(PV≥30 mL).

关键词： Benign prostatic hyperplasia Dutasteride Lower urinary tract symptoms Testosterone Voiding dysfunction

ITS and 16S rRNA Gene Revealed Multitudinous Microbial Contaminations of Residential Air Conditioning Filters in Megacity Shanghai,China

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Environment & Health 2024年第1期2卷 34-41页

作者： Xueyun Geng Changliang Nie *Lina Wang Ling Li Dan Li atsushi Nishino Jianmin Chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP^(3) Department of Environmental Science&EngineeringFudan Tyndall CentreInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China IAQ Technologies Group Technology and Innovation CenterDaikin IndustriesLTD.Osaka 566-8585Japan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP^(3) Department of Environmental Science&EngineeringFudan Tyndall CentreInstitute of Atmospheric Sciences and IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public HealthInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Institute of EcoChongming(IEC) Shanghai 200062China

Air conditioning is a crucial participant in indoor air circulation and harmful microorganism *** elucidate microbial contamination in air conditioning systems,bacteria,fungi,and pollens in residential air conditioning(AC)filters in Shanghai were *** concentrations of fungal ITS(1,972,037±5,025,505 copies/cm^(2))in most filter samples were considerably higher than the 16S rRNA gene(21,587±21,461 copies/cm^(2)).The multitudinous bacteria determined a higher richness,whereas the trend was not in line with fungi,owing to Aspergillus flourishing,with an average of 43.75%.Numerous bacteria that may often be prevalent in human skin,mucous membranes,and intestines,such as Enhydrobacter,Micrococcus,Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,and Haemophilus,were also discovered in AC *** pollens were affiliated with Streptophyta at phylum,and Humulus was the most abundant genus(mean value 67.84%),raising the possibility of allergic *** study provides a better understanding of the microbial characteristics of AC filters,enables more rational approaches for microbe contaminant control,and ultimately improves human health in megacities.

关键词： air conditioning system indoor air building microbiome DNA sequencing pathogens

Association of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Sarcopenia in Liver Cirrhosis Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第7期12卷 613-624页

作者： Akitoshi Sano Jun Inoue Eiji Kakazu Masashi Ninomiya Mio Tsuruoka Kosuke Sato Masazumi Onuki Satoko Sawahashi Keishi Ouchi atsushi Masamune Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan Department of Liver Disease The Research Center for Hepatitis and ImmunologyNational Center for Global Health and MedicineIchikawaChibaJapan

Background and Aims:Sarcopenia is associated with the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Given their diverse physiological activities,we hypothesized that plasma fatty acids might influence the progression of *** study aimed to clarify the association between fatty acids and sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients with ***:In this singlecenter retrospective study,we registered 516 cases and analyzed 414 cases of liver cirrhosis and *** skeletal muscle mass index was measured using a transverse computed tomography scan image at the third lumbar *** cutoff value for sarcopenia followed the criteria set by the Japan Society of *** acid concentrations were measured by gas ***:Fatty acid levels,particularly omega-3(n-3)polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA),were lower in patients with poor liver function(Child-Pugh grade B/C)and were negatively correlated with the albumin-bilirubin score(p<0.0001).The prognosis of HCC patients with low PUFA levels was significantly *** the different fatty acid fractions,only n-3 PUFAs significantly correlated with skeletal muscle mass index(p=0.0026).In the multivariate analysis,the n-3 PUFA level was an independent variable associated with sarcopenia(p=0.0006).Conclusions:A low level of n-3 PUFAs was associated with sarcopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Sarcopenia Skeletal Muscle Fatty Acids Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids