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Broad Hormonal Responses Induced by Aluminum in Roots of Dwarf Transgenics of Solanum lycopersicum L. cv “Micro-Tom”

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 349-358页

作者： arthur B. Rates Daniela Boanares Daniele S. G. Pianetti Felipe Della-Torre Joni e. Lima Marcel G. C. França Department of Botany and Plant Physiology Laboratory Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

The spatial pattern distribution of plant hormones in response to aluminum (Al) toxicity in roots remains to be shown. This study was performed to assess the root hormonal accumulation and gene expression in response to Al toxicity in five transgenic miniature dwarf tomatoes cv. Micro-Tom (MT). MT and MT transgenics to acid indole acetic, cytokinin, gibberellin, abscisic acid and ethylene were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing different Al concentrations. Root growth elongation was measured and cellular damage was visualized by staining evans’s blue. The GUS reporter gene staining technique was used to visualize hormonal changes in MT apex root tissues. Data indicated that the MT is sensitive to Al that induced significant growth inhibition and cellular damage. Al concentration of 27 μM was significantly toxic, inducing root apex darkening and inhibition of root development. The qualitative evaluation of GUS reporter gene expression showed intense crosstalk among all hormones studied, underscoring the complexity of signaling induced by Al in apex roots. Results point out to a major understanding of the hormonal signaling in response to Al toxicity, which may induce a change of root growth and architecture with growth inhibition and cell constraints modulated by all different hormones evaluated.

关键词： Gene Reporter Metal Plant Hormones Root Staining

Probiotic supplementation decreases intestinal transit time: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第29期19卷 4718-4725页

作者： Larry e Miller arthur C Ouwehand Miller Scientific Consulting Inc. Arden NC 28704 United States DuPont Nutrition and Health FIN-02460 Kantvik Finland

AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time (ITT) and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. MeTHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults was conducted by searching MeDLINe and eMBASe using relevant combinations. Main search limits included RCTs of probiotic supplementation in healthy or constipated adults that measured ITT. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference (SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the impact of moderator variables on ITT SMD. ReSULTS: A total of 11 clinical trials with 13 treatment effects representing 464 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was associated with decreased ITT in relation to controls, with an SMD of 0.40 (95%CI: 0.20-0.59, P er mean age (r 2 = 27%, P = 0.03), and higher percentage of female subjects (r 2 = 23%, P ere predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation and in older vs younger subjects [both SMD: 0.59 (95%CI: 0.39-0.79) vs 0.17 (95%CI: -0.08-0.42), P = 0.01]. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with Bifidobacterium Lactis (B. lactis ) HN019 (SMD: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.27-1.18, P e other single strains and combination products yielded small treatment effects. CONCLUSION: Overall, short-term probiotic supplementation decreases ITT with consistently greater treatment effects identified in constipated or older adults and with certain probiotic strains.

关键词： Constipation Gastrointestinal Intestinal transit time Meta-analysis Probiotics

Abiotic Factors Associated with Abundance Dynamics and Antibiotic Multidrug Resistance of escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Some Ombessa Aquatic Systems (Central Cameroon Region)

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Journal of Geoscience and environment Protection 2024年第9期12卷 335-369页

作者： Lucie Leme Banock Blandine Pulchérie Tamatcho Kweyang Fabrice ezo’o Mengo Stephane arthur Noah eric Donald Mbo Zang Olive Vivien Noah ewoti Laboratory of Hydobiology and environment Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Microbiology of Soil and environment Department of Microbiology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

The present study conducted in the town of Ombessa aims to assess the influence of abiotic factors on the abundance dynamics and antibiotic susceptibility of escherichia coli and enterococcus faecalis isolated from some aquatic systems from February to July 2022, monthly samples were taken at 10 water points used by the population (8 groundwater points and 2 surface water points). Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity. Bacteriological variables such as BHAM, e. coli and e. faecalis abundances were also assessed. Antibiotic susceptibility of e. coli and e. faecalis was assessed using 06 antibiotics using the Kirby-bauer diffusion disk method. The results show that bacterial abundances were the highest in surface waters. Bacterial densities were the highest in May and the lowest in February. The average densities recorded were 3845 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 380 CFU/100mL for e. coli and 14 CFU/100mL for e. faecalis in groundwater;and 8583 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 6878 CFU/100mL for e. coli and 812 CFU/100mL for e. faecalis in surface water. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that these bacterial species are sensitive to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Azithromycin and Ciprofloxacin. They are all resistant to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, e. coli is resistant to Doxycycline and e. faecalis has an intermediate sensitivity to Gentamicin. Overall, the Multiresistance to Antibiotics (MRA) indices obtained were above 0.2, indicating the presence of multidrug resistance in bacterial communities. The physico-chemical properties of the water varied over time and space, but on the whole remained below the threshold values of WHO guidelines. The degree of linkage between abiotic water variables and bacteriological parameters has shown that bacterial densities are more abundant in rainy seasons and increased O2 levels favor bacterial growth, while TSS, CO2 and dissolved nitrate levels affect the sensitivity of these bacteria

关键词： Bacterial Abundance Multiresistance Abiotic Aquatic

An implementation assessment of China's environmental Information Disclosure Decree

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第10期22卷 1649-1656页

作者： Lei Zhang arthur e J Mol Guizhen He Yonglong Lu School of environment and Natural Resources Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China environmental Policy Group Wageningen University Hollandseweg 1 6706 KN Wageningen The Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

China＇s 2007 Open Government Information Regulations is widely considered as a milestone in the country＇s information policy history and is praised as a ＂sunshine program＂. The environmental Information Disclosure Decree was the first to operationalize these general regulations into a sectorai information disclosure system on environment. This study assessed the implementation of the environmental information disclosure system about six months after the Decree took effect on May 1, 2008. Through reviewing the websites of all 31 provincial environmental Protection Bureaus and the Ministry of environmental Protection, conducting an experiment with actual information disclosure request, and through interviews with all provincial environmental Protection Bureaus, this article concluded that the implementation of the environmental information disclosure system still fails short. Future improvements should focus on further publicity of the regulations and decree to enhance public participation, the establishment of an independent evaluation and supervision system for information disclosure, the exchange of experiences and best practices among provincial environmental Protection Bureaus, and on strengthening the legal status of environmental information disclosure.

关键词： environmental information disclosure environmental governance

Determination of the Mineral Composition of the Pulp and evaluation of the Acute Toxicity of the Seeds of Carica papaya L. Consumed in Lubumbashi and Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 266-279页

作者： Guelord Inkalaba Janvier Arnauld Kiza Magain Mihatano Mathilde Bushiri Furaha arthur Duki Olivier Nzingula Armelle Naniwambote Maguy Luvandu Nicole Misengabu Désiré Musuyu Fridolin Kodondi Kule-Koto Laboratory of Biochemistry Nutrition and Hematology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo Food Technology and Food Analysis Laboratory Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Higher Institute of Medical Techniques Nutrition and Dietetics Section Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Laboratory of the National Institute of Biomedical Research (NIBR) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

This work aimed, on the one hand, to determine the mineral and phytochemical composition of Carica papaya in order to guarantee the food safety of consumers and on the other hand, to evaluate the acute toxicity of papaya seeds. The papayas were bought at the Mzée market in Lubumbashi and Selembao in Kinshasa. Fruit sampling was done according to the ISO 7002 standard on agricultural and food products;the papayas were firm, mature, and without stains or physical damage. The analysis results of the papaya pulp showed both for the samples from the city of Lubumbashi and for the city province of Kinshasa that it contains respectively 85.87% and 84.46% water, 0.59% and 0.53% ash content. The mineral evaluation of our two samples presented a potassium content of 200 ± 8 mg, magnesium 13.12 ± 3 mg, calcium 22.15 ± 2 mg, sodium 3 mg ± 0.5 for the sample from Lubumbashi and 192.32 ± 8 mg of potassium, 14.458 ± 3 mg of magnesium, 20.58 ± 2 mg of calcium and 3.58 ± 0.5 mg of sodium for the sample from Kinshasa in macroelements. Concerning the trace elements, after analysis, we found zinc content (0.29 ± 0.1 mg and 0.12 ± 0.1 mg), copper (0.02 ± 0.01 mg and 0.14 ± 0.01 mg), and iron (2.22 ± 0.5 mg and 2.04 ± 0.5 mg) respectively for Lubumbashi and Kinshasa. The chemical screening indicates the presence of alkaloids, saponosides, tannins catechics, flavonoids and anthocyanins in the palm wine and ethanolic extract of the seeds of Carica papaya and an absence of cyanogenic glycosides and gallic tannins. With mild toxicity, the seeds of the fruit of Carica papaya L. can be used with moderate risk by the population.

关键词： Carica papaya Mineral Composition Acute Toxicity

Control of Rhyzopertha dominica in stored rough rice through a combination of diatomaceous earth and varietal resistance

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Insect Science 2008年第5期15卷 455-460页

作者： Yaowaluk Chanbang Frank H. arthur Gerald e. Wilde James e. Throne Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research Center Manhattan KS USA Department of entomology Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA

Adults ofRhyzopertha dominica （F.）, the lesser grain borer, were exposed on four varieties of rough rice with Dobie indices of susceptibility of 1.1 to 1.1 （low）, and four varieties with Dobie indices of susceptibility of 3.4 to 3.8 （high）. The varieties with low and high Dobie indices were classified as resistant and susceptible, respectively, to R. dominica. The purpose of the study was to evaluate control of R. dominica through the use of diatomaceous earth （De） in combination with rice varieties that were either susceptible or resistant to R. dominica. The rice was treated with varying rates of the commercial De Insecto, up to a maximum of 1 000 mg De/kg of rice. Adult mortality at each application rate of De was generally greater on three of four resistant varieties compared to three of four susceptible varieties. Progeny production from the parental generation exposed on the rice was also greater in 3 of the 4 resistant varieties compared to 3 of the 4 susceptible varieties at De rates of 500 mg/kg or more. Progeny production in rice treated with a maximum rate of 1 000 mg/kg De ranged from 7-44 adults on the resistant varieties compared to 75-155 adults on the susceptible varieties. At De rates of 500, 750, and 1 000 mg/kg, the percentage of insect-damaged kernels （IDK） was also greater in 3/4 resistant varieties than in the susceptible varieties. Results show combining the use of De with varietal resistance of rough rice to R. dominica could be used to limit populations of this insect in stored rice and help prevent economic damage.

关键词： diatomaceous earth De host plant resistance integrated control rice

Hepatoprotective effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine against alcohol-and cytochrome P450 2e1-induced liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1366-1376页

作者： arthur I Cederbaum Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics Box 1603 Mount Sinai School of Medicine One Gustave Levy Place

S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) acts as a methyl donor for methylation reactions and participates in the synthesis of glutathione. SAM is also a key metabolite that regulates hepatocyte growth, differentiation and death. Hepatic SAM levels are decreased in animal models of alcohol liver injury and in patients with alcohol liver disease or viral cirrhosis. This review describes the protection by SAM against alcohol and cytochrome P450 2e1-dependent cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo and evaluates mechanisms for this protection.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 2e1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine ethanol Toxic hepatitis Oxidative stress

Double-balloon enteroscopy-assisted dilatation avoids surgery for small bowel strictures: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第45期23卷 8073-8081页

作者： Judith e Baars Ruben Theyventhiran Patrick Aepli Payal Saxena arthur J Kaffes AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred Hospital

AIM To evaluate the therapeutic role of double-balloon enteroscopy(DBe) in small bowel strictures and to propose a standard approach to small bowel *** Systematic review of studies involving DBe in patients with small bowel strictures. Only studies limited to small bowel strictures were included and those with ileo-colonic strictures were excluded. ReSULTS In total 13 studies were included,in which 310 patients were dilated. The average follow-up time was 31.8 mo per patient. The complication rate was 4.8% per patient and 2.6% per dilatation. Surgery was avoided in 80% of patients. After the first dilatation,46% were treated with re-dilatation and only 17% required *** DBe-assisted dilatation avoids surgery in 80% of patients with small bowel strictures and is safe and effective. We propose a standardized approach to small bowel strictures.

关键词： Double-ballloon enteroscopy Dilatation Small bowel stricture enteroscopy Crohn's disease Systematic review

Digital radiograph(DR)guided bedside IVC filter placements in patients with intracranial pressure monitors

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Journal of Interventional Medicine 2021年第4期4卷 208-211页

作者： arthur S.Joseph Jorge e.Lopera UT Health San Antonio.San Antonio TXUSA

Purpose:The purpose of this study is to report a single center experience with portable digital radiographically(DR)guided bedside IVC filters placed in intensive care unit(ICU)patients with high ICP and elevated head of bed(HOB).Materials and methods:A retrospective chart review was conducted on all bedside IVC filters placed from January 1,2010 to September 16,*** with high ICP and elevated head of bed requirements were *** were reviewed for filter type,common femoral vein(CFV)access,filter location,pre procedure imaging,pre and post filter ICPs,glascow coma scale,number of radiographs taken,and filter *** were obtained 1 h prior to procedure and 2 h post procedure and analyzed with a paired T *** were placed by reviewing prior CT scan for IVC size,caval variants,renal and iliac veins and vertebral body ***,CFV access was obtained and a Bentson wire was advanced 30-40 cm.A radiograph was used to confirm adequate position of the of the *** filter sheath was advanced and serial radiographs were used to position the filter sheath at the final predetermined position below the renal veins and above the iliac *** filter was deployed,and a radiograph was obtained to confirm filter ***:A total of 9 DR guided bedside IVC filters were placed(4 Denali,3 Option elite,2 Celect).Indications included prophylactic placement(n=8)and acute DVT(n=1).The average patient age was 35.8 years(range:18-56 years)CT abdomen and pelvis was used to assess for the level of renal veins in all patients(n=9).No caval variants were encountered on pre-procedural *** average pre,intraprocedural,and post procedure intracranial pressure was 16 mmHg,13 mmHg,and 16 mmHg,*** of placement after final placement was available in 7 patients(4 DR,2 CT and one fluoroscopic examination).Two non-procedural related deaths *** success,defined as successful placement of IVC filter at the

关键词： IVC Filter Prophylactic Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus