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Modulation of microbiota as treatment for intestinal inflammatory disorders: An uptodate

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第32期22卷 7186-7202页

作者： antonella gallo Giovanna Passaro Antonio Gasbarrini Raffaele Landolfi Massimo Montalto Institute of Internal Medicine Fondazione Policlinico "Agostino Gemelli" Catholic University of Sacred Heart Institute of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medical Science Catholic University

Alterations of intestinal microflora may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of different inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. There is emerging interest on the role of selective modulation of microflora in inducing benefits in inflammatory intestinal disorders, by as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT). To summarize recent evidences on microflora modulation in main intestinal inflammatory disorders, Pub Med was searched using terms microbiota, intestinal flora, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation. More than three hundred articles published up to 2015 were selected and reviewed. Randomized placebo-controlled trials and meta-analysis were firstly included, mainly for probiotics. A meta-analysis was not performed because of the heterogeneity of these studies. Most of relevant data derived from studies on probiotics, reporting some efficacy in ulcerative colitis and in pouchitis, while disappointing results are available for Crohn's disease. Probiotic supplementation may significantly reduce rates of rotavirus diarrhea. Efficacy of probiotics in NSAID enteropathy and irritable bowel syndrome is still controversial. Finally, FMT has been recently recognized as an efficacious treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Modulation of intestinal flora represents a very interesting therapeutic target, although it still deserves some doubts and limitations. Future studies should be encouraged to provide new understanding about its therapeutical role.

关键词： Microbiota Inflammation Gut Probiotic Prebiotic

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Can chronic gastritis cause an increase in fecal calprotectin concentrations?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第27期16卷 3406-3410页

作者： Massimo Montalto antonella gallo Gianluca Ianiro Luca Santoro Ferruccio D Onofrio Riccardo Ricci Giovanni Cammarota Marcello Covino Monica Vastola Antonio Gasbarrini Giovanni Gasbarrini Ricca rdo Ricci Institute of Internal Medicine Catholic University Institute of Pathology Institute of Pa thology Catholic University00168RomeItaly

AIM:To evaluate fecal calprotectin concentrations(FCCs) in subjects with chronic gastritis and the correlation between FCCs and gastritis activity ***:FCCs were measured in 61 patients with histological diagnosis of gastritis and in 74 healthy *** grading of gastritis was performed according to the updated Sydney gastritis *** were subdivided into 2 groups according to the presence/absence of an active *** with chronic active gastritis were divided into 3 subgroups on the basis of the activity score(mild,moderate,marked).FFCs in relation to Helicobacter pylori(***) infection and proton pump inhibitor(PPI) use were also ***:FCCs in patients with chronic active gastritis were not significantly different to FCCs either in subjects with non active gastritis or in healthy *** patients with chronic active gastritis(even marked),FCCs did not significantly differ according to activity *** significant differences in FCCs were found when considering ***,as well as when considering PPI chronic ***:FCCs were not significantly increased in subjects with chronic gastritis,even in those patients with a marked neutrophil infiltration.

关键词： Chronic gastritis Fecal calprotectin Intestinal inflammation Neutrophils

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Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension with large regenerative nodules: A diagnostic challenge

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第20期17卷 2580-2584页

作者： Umberto Vespasiani Gentilucci Paolo gallo Giuseppe Perrone Riccardo Del Vescovo Giovanni Galati Sandro Spataro Chiara Mazzarelli Adriano Pellicelli antonella Afeltra Antonio Picardi Clinical Medicine and Hepatology Unit University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome Clinical Pathology University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome Department of Radiology University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome Hepatology Unit San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital

Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension is a poorly understood condition characterized by portal hypertension in the absence of conventional hepatic cirrhosis and described in association with blood coagulation disorders, myeloproliferative and immunological diseases and with exposure to toxic drugs. Very recently, precise classification criteria have been proposed in order to define four distinct subcategories. The present case highlights how the clinical presentation, the confounding results from imaging studies, and the difficulties in the histological evaluation often render cases of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension a real diagnostic challenge. It also underscores the classification problems which can be faced once this diagnosis is performed. Indeed, the different subcategories proposed result from the prevalent subtypes in a spectrum of hepatic regenerative responses to a variety of injuries determining microcirculatory dis-turbances. More flexibility in classification should derive from this etiopathogenic background.

关键词： Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension Large regenerative nodules Nodular regenerative hyperplasia

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Updates on esophageal and gastric cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3237-3242页

作者： Amy gallo Charles Cha Resident Department of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine333 Cedar St.FMB 121New HavenCT 06520United States Department of Surgery Yale University of School of Medicine 333 Cedar St.FMB 121New HavenCT 06520United States

Esophageal and gastric cancers are both common and deadly. Patients present most often after disease progression and survival is therefore poor. Due to demographic variability and recent changes in disease incidence, much emphasis has been placed on studying risk factors for both esophageal and gastric cancers. However, with increasing understanding of these diseases, low survival rates persist and continued intensive studies are necessary to optimize treatment plans. This review article discusses updates in the evolving epidemiology, clinical presentation, risk factors, and diagnostic and treatment modalities of esophageal and gastric cancers.

关键词： Gastric cancer Esophageal cancer Surgery Treatment

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Localized regulation of the axon shaft during the emergence of collateral branches

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第8期10卷 1206-1208页

作者： Gianluca gallo Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center Temple University School of Medicine Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology

The ability of the axon to form de novo collateral branches along its length is fundamental to the establishment of complex patterns of connectivity during development and is also a major response of many axonal popul... 详细信息

关键词： branches collateral axonal emergence populations connectivity branching patches length microtubule

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Coordination of the axonal cytoskeleton during the emergence of axon collateral branches

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第5期11卷 709-711页

作者： Gianluca gallo Temple University Lewis Kats School of Medicine Department of Anatomy and cell Biology Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center

The formation of branches during development allows a single axon to make synaptic contacts with numerous target neurons,often in different parts of the nervous system,thereby allowing for the establishment of complex... 详细信息

关键词： Coordination of the axonal cytoskeleton during the emergence of axon collateral branches NGF

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Glassy dynamics of water at interface with biomolecules: A Mode Coupling Theory test

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第10期62卷 82-86页

作者： Antonio Iorio Gaia Camisasca Paola gallo Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Universita Roma TreRome 00146Italy Department of Physics AlbaNova University CenterStockholm UniversityStockholm S-106 91Sweden

We study the slow dynamics of hydration water upon cooling in two different biological aqueous solutions,one containing a molecule of lysozyme and another with trehalose *** particular we test if the glassy behaviour of these solutions fulfils the predictions of the popular Mode Coupling Theory of glassy *** particular we test the Time Temperature Superposition Principle and the matching of the exponents of the *** results confirm that this theory is able to describe the dynamical behaviour of supercooled water also in non ideal cases as the ones under investigation in the region of mild supercooling.

关键词： glassy dynamics aqueous solutions biomolecules Molecular Dynamics

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Actin(g) toward a revised understanding of the role of cytoskeletal dynamics in neuronal bioenergetics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2109-2110页

作者： Sabrina M.Holland Gianluca gallo Department of Neural Sciences Shriners Pediatric Research CenterLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Neurons are energy-demanding *** in energy metabolism can quickly interrupt neuronal function,leading to cell death and *** instance,ischemia rapidly depletes adenosine triphosphate(ATP)thereby disrupting energy-dependent cellular processes crucial for homeostasis,and axon degeneration is preceded by a collapse of axonal ATP levels.

关键词： metabolism homeostasis degeneration

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Fintech platforms:Lax or careful borrowers’screening?

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Financial Innovation 2021年第1期7卷 1301-1333页

作者： Serena gallo University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli CapuaItaly University of Naples Parthenope NaplesItaly

Can peer-to-peer lending platforms mitigate fraudulent behaviors?Or have lending players been acting similar to free-riders?This paper constructs a new proxy to investigate lending platform misconduct and compares the FICO score and the LendingClub credit *** examine whether the lack of verification by the Fintech platform affects lenders’collection performance,I explore the recovery rate(RR)of non-performing loans through a mixed-continuous *** regression results show that the degree of prudence taken by the lending platform in the pre-screening activity negatively affects the detection of some misreporting borrowers.I also find that the Fintech platform’s missing verification information(e.g.,annual income and employment length)affects the RR of non-performing loans,thereby hampering lenders’collection performance.

关键词： Peer to peer lending Credit grade Misreporting Misconduct Recovery rate

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Deadwood position matters:Diversity and biomass of saproxylic beetles in a temperate beech forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 120-130页

作者： Vaclav Zumr Oto Nakladal Josef gallo JiríRemes Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýck a 129Praha 6-Suchdol16500Czech Republic

Deadwood plays a key role for biodiversity in forests.A significant number of beetles from this group are currently listed as endangered in the Red *** addition to other management recommendations,there have been recent efforts to enrich stands with dead wood to promote *** important parameter for forestry enterprises is the optimization of these *** study investigated the abundance,species richness,gamma diversity,conservation value and biomass of saproxylic beetles in natural forests using window traps.A total of 89traps were used for saproxylic beetle monitoring,of which 29 were placed on lying logs,30 on snags and 30 as controls in forest stand space.A total of 35,011 beetles were recorded in 564 species(61 families).Notably,20,515 of these belong to saproxylic beetles(59%)in 311 species(55%),with 62 classified as Red-List species(20%).In the group of'all saproxylic beetles',the results indicate that a diversity and y diversity(q=0)remain consistent across various deadwood types,whileβdiversity showed significant *** differences were found in the Red-List species group,where a diversity and y diversity differed,with higher values observed in *** based total species richness of site was estimated to be 391 species,including 74 Red-Listed *** the sample coverage of the studied stand categories showed that all saproxylic species exhibit a pronounced preference for inhabiting areas featuring lying ***,Red-List species mainly inhabit snags,withβdiversity being more similar to snags and forest stand ***,both the conservation value(weighted average by conservation status)and beetle biomass are significantly highest in snags,whereas stand space shows the lowest values across all measured saproxylic beetle ***,the use of traps set on the poles in forest stand space resulted in an underestimation of the actual stand richness by 20%-25%.Our results support th

关键词： Snags Coleoptera Fagus sylvatica Unmanaged forests Red-list Coarse woody debris

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